ATP
... to the 5-carbon sugar ribose • Second and third groups are joined by phosphoanhydride bonds = high-energy bonds ...
... to the 5-carbon sugar ribose • Second and third groups are joined by phosphoanhydride bonds = high-energy bonds ...
Redox reaction during glycolysis
... • As electrons continue to flow along the chain and more and more protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial space, a concentration of protons builds up. The proton gradient is the store for potential energy. • To allow e- to continue to flow, they must be transferred to a terminal e acceptor ...
... • As electrons continue to flow along the chain and more and more protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial space, a concentration of protons builds up. The proton gradient is the store for potential energy. • To allow e- to continue to flow, they must be transferred to a terminal e acceptor ...
1 - SMIC Nutrition Science
... enzymes require that cofactors be attached to their active sites in order to function. Coenzymes are organic molecules derived from vitamins such as niacin and riboflavin. Unlike cofactors, coenzymes are not actually a part of the enzyme structure. Rather, they assist enzymes by accepting and donati ...
... enzymes require that cofactors be attached to their active sites in order to function. Coenzymes are organic molecules derived from vitamins such as niacin and riboflavin. Unlike cofactors, coenzymes are not actually a part of the enzyme structure. Rather, they assist enzymes by accepting and donati ...
Slide 1
... contrast with most of the reactions of the citric acid cycle and fatty acid oxidation, which take place in the matrix. The outer membrane is quite permeable to most small molecules and ions because it contains many copies of mitochondrial porin, a 30 35 kd pore forming protein also known as VDAC, fo ...
... contrast with most of the reactions of the citric acid cycle and fatty acid oxidation, which take place in the matrix. The outer membrane is quite permeable to most small molecules and ions because it contains many copies of mitochondrial porin, a 30 35 kd pore forming protein also known as VDAC, fo ...
MEMBRANE-BOUND ELECTRON TRANSFER AND ATP …
... diffuses rapidly within the IMM. Electrons are carried from Complex III to Complex IV by cytochrome c, a small hydrophilic peripheral membrane protein located on the cytosolic or P side of the IMM. Complex II (Succinate-UQ oxidoreductase) is membrane bound and contains the FADH2 as a prosthetic grou ...
... diffuses rapidly within the IMM. Electrons are carried from Complex III to Complex IV by cytochrome c, a small hydrophilic peripheral membrane protein located on the cytosolic or P side of the IMM. Complex II (Succinate-UQ oxidoreductase) is membrane bound and contains the FADH2 as a prosthetic grou ...
Slide 1
... Changes in the metabolism of glucose that occur during the switch from the fed to the fasting state are regulated by the hormones insulin and glucagon. Insulin is elevated in the fed state, and glucagon is elevated during fasting. When there is excess of glucose in blood after a carbohydrate rich di ...
... Changes in the metabolism of glucose that occur during the switch from the fed to the fasting state are regulated by the hormones insulin and glucagon. Insulin is elevated in the fed state, and glucagon is elevated during fasting. When there is excess of glucose in blood after a carbohydrate rich di ...
A, C
... C. Hydrogen bonding between neighboring amino acids (amino and carboxyl groups) D. Hydrogen and/or covalent bonding between R groups of distant amino acids. ...
... C. Hydrogen bonding between neighboring amino acids (amino and carboxyl groups) D. Hydrogen and/or covalent bonding between R groups of distant amino acids. ...
Keshara Senanayake BIO TEST STUDY GUIDE Remember to check
... >cyclic AMP is synthesized when certain hormones come in contact with the plasma membrane. It then stimulates essential reactions in the cytoplasm or nucleus. > some nucleotides have extra phosphate groups. These di/tri phosphate nucleotides such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are unstable molecule ...
... >cyclic AMP is synthesized when certain hormones come in contact with the plasma membrane. It then stimulates essential reactions in the cytoplasm or nucleus. > some nucleotides have extra phosphate groups. These di/tri phosphate nucleotides such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are unstable molecule ...
Cellular Respiration
... All living things require energy to stay alive. Most of this energy comes from food, often in the form of glucose. Cells share common pathways to metabolize food molecules like glucose into usable forms of energy, and these pathways are called Cell Respiration. Cell respiration includes Glycolysis, ...
... All living things require energy to stay alive. Most of this energy comes from food, often in the form of glucose. Cells share common pathways to metabolize food molecules like glucose into usable forms of energy, and these pathways are called Cell Respiration. Cell respiration includes Glycolysis, ...
Macromolecules
... • Plants store starch within plastids, including chloroplasts. • Plants can store surplus glucose in starch and withdraw it when needed for energy or carbon. • Animals that feed on plants, especially parts rich in starch, can also access this starch to support their own metabolism. ...
... • Plants store starch within plastids, including chloroplasts. • Plants can store surplus glucose in starch and withdraw it when needed for energy or carbon. • Animals that feed on plants, especially parts rich in starch, can also access this starch to support their own metabolism. ...
Option C: Cells & Energy
... molecule. • 2. In a series of steps, the remaining H and high energy electrons are removed from the Acetyl CoA. • 3. Three NAD+ are converted into 3 NADH & 3H+. • 4. One FAD is converted into 1 FADH2. • 5. One ATP is made (by substrate phosphorylation). • 6. Two CO2 are released. • 7. At the end of ...
... molecule. • 2. In a series of steps, the remaining H and high energy electrons are removed from the Acetyl CoA. • 3. Three NAD+ are converted into 3 NADH & 3H+. • 4. One FAD is converted into 1 FADH2. • 5. One ATP is made (by substrate phosphorylation). • 6. Two CO2 are released. • 7. At the end of ...
Cell Extraction and Lysis Extraction kits - protein
... reagent. Proteins from three cell lines were solubilised and extracted using the Mem-PER kit. Each set of hydrophilic and hydrophobic (membrane protein) fractions obtained were normalised to one another and analysed by Western blot for four proteins from the cellular locations noted. The Pierce SDS- ...
... reagent. Proteins from three cell lines were solubilised and extracted using the Mem-PER kit. Each set of hydrophilic and hydrophobic (membrane protein) fractions obtained were normalised to one another and analysed by Western blot for four proteins from the cellular locations noted. The Pierce SDS- ...
Biomacromolecules ppt
... Amino acids (monomers) bonded together by peptide bonds that form straight chains of Polymers(=polypeptide). Very large polypeptide = protein. Metabolic proteins are Enzymes. Peptide bond is formed by the Amino/Carboxyl sections of the Amino acid. The R group is responsible for the Hydrogen and ioni ...
... Amino acids (monomers) bonded together by peptide bonds that form straight chains of Polymers(=polypeptide). Very large polypeptide = protein. Metabolic proteins are Enzymes. Peptide bond is formed by the Amino/Carboxyl sections of the Amino acid. The R group is responsible for the Hydrogen and ioni ...
lecture notes-metabolism pathways-web
... Glucose to CO2, and H2O, protein to amino acids. - Anabolism: the synthesis of more complex compounds and requires energy. Synthesis of glycan (polysaccharide), DNA, RNA, and lipid. ...
... Glucose to CO2, and H2O, protein to amino acids. - Anabolism: the synthesis of more complex compounds and requires energy. Synthesis of glycan (polysaccharide), DNA, RNA, and lipid. ...
Functions - kcpe-kcse
... • The amount of energy needed to carry on vital life processes of the body when it is at complete rest. • e.g heartbeat, circulation, breathing, brain functions and other essential reactions in the organs. ...
... • The amount of energy needed to carry on vital life processes of the body when it is at complete rest. • e.g heartbeat, circulation, breathing, brain functions and other essential reactions in the organs. ...
The Cell: A Microcosm of Life Multiple
... compete for the same substrate (pyruvate), the one with the higher Km has less affinity and will be more active when pyruvate concentrations are high. ...
... compete for the same substrate (pyruvate), the one with the higher Km has less affinity and will be more active when pyruvate concentrations are high. ...
Chapter x – title of chapter
... carboxylase) compete for the same substrate (pyruvate), the one with the higher Km has less affinity and will be more active when pyruvate concentrations are high. ...
... carboxylase) compete for the same substrate (pyruvate), the one with the higher Km has less affinity and will be more active when pyruvate concentrations are high. ...
The Search for the Achilles Heel of Cancer
... repressed by the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor proteins (pRB), which bind to E2F1 and block the activation of E2F1/ DP target genes. The mechanisms by which these proteins suppress E2F1/DP activity have not been fully resolved, but it has been shown that pRB can actively inhibit DNA transcription ...
... repressed by the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor proteins (pRB), which bind to E2F1 and block the activation of E2F1/ DP target genes. The mechanisms by which these proteins suppress E2F1/DP activity have not been fully resolved, but it has been shown that pRB can actively inhibit DNA transcription ...
Middle-Term Test Paper on Biochemistry
... B. Glucose-1-phosphate and glucose C. Glucose-6-phosphate and glucose D. Glucose and fructose-6-phosphate E. Lactate 28) About the glycolysis, which in the following narrations is correct? A. It means the process in which glucose is converted to lactate under anaerobic condition B. Glycolysis is sti ...
... B. Glucose-1-phosphate and glucose C. Glucose-6-phosphate and glucose D. Glucose and fructose-6-phosphate E. Lactate 28) About the glycolysis, which in the following narrations is correct? A. It means the process in which glucose is converted to lactate under anaerobic condition B. Glycolysis is sti ...
respiration - SchoolRack
... “sugar splitting” Believed to be ancient (early prokaryotes - no O2 available) Occurs in cytosol Partially oxidizes glucose (6C) to 2 pyruvates (3C) ...
... “sugar splitting” Believed to be ancient (early prokaryotes - no O2 available) Occurs in cytosol Partially oxidizes glucose (6C) to 2 pyruvates (3C) ...
Energy
... When glucose enters a cell from the bloodstream, it is immediately converted to glucose 6-phosphate. Once this phosphate is formed, glucose is trapped within the cell because phosphorylated molecules cannot cross the cell membrane. Like the first step in many metabolic pathways, the formation of glu ...
... When glucose enters a cell from the bloodstream, it is immediately converted to glucose 6-phosphate. Once this phosphate is formed, glucose is trapped within the cell because phosphorylated molecules cannot cross the cell membrane. Like the first step in many metabolic pathways, the formation of glu ...
lecture notes-metabolism pathways-complete notes
... Metabolism: a complete set of chemical reactions that occur in living cells, allowing cells to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. Major challenges in bioprocess development: To select an organism that can efficiently make a given product or digest waste ...
... Metabolism: a complete set of chemical reactions that occur in living cells, allowing cells to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. Major challenges in bioprocess development: To select an organism that can efficiently make a given product or digest waste ...
Compare and Contrast table for Photosynthesis and Cellular
... 4.) Inhibitors that decrease an enzyme’s activity by binding to the active site. _________________. 5.) Organic molecules that bind to enzymes and are necessary for their functioning. __________________ 6.) Inorganic molecules that bind to enzymes and are necessary for their functioning. ___________ ...
... 4.) Inhibitors that decrease an enzyme’s activity by binding to the active site. _________________. 5.) Organic molecules that bind to enzymes and are necessary for their functioning. __________________ 6.) Inorganic molecules that bind to enzymes and are necessary for their functioning. ___________ ...
Phosphorylation
Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate (PO43−) group to a protein or other organic molecule. Phosphorylation and its counterpart, dephosphorylation, turn many protein enzymes on and off, thereby altering their function and activity. Protein phosphorylation is one type of post-translational modification.Protein phosphorylation in particular plays a significant role in a wide range of cellular processes. Its prominent role in biochemistry is the subject of a very large body of research (as of March 2015, the Medline database returns over 240,000 articles on the subject, largely on protein phosphorylation).