The Network Layer
... – first set up a connection between two nodes – label it (called a virtual circuit identifier (VCI)) – all packets carry label ...
... – first set up a connection between two nodes – label it (called a virtual circuit identifier (VCI)) – all packets carry label ...
PPT - web.iiit.ac.in
... Guarantees in-sequence delivery of packets However: Packets from different virtual circuits may be interleaved Example: ATM networks ...
... Guarantees in-sequence delivery of packets However: Packets from different virtual circuits may be interleaved Example: ATM networks ...
Chapter 1 - William Stallings, Data and Computer Communications
... Connected sequence of physical links between nodes Logical channel dedicated on each link Rapid transmission The most common example of circuit switching is the telephone network ...
... Connected sequence of physical links between nodes Logical channel dedicated on each link Rapid transmission The most common example of circuit switching is the telephone network ...
Chapter 11: Approaches to Networking
... Used in digital transmission Utilizes multiplexing to place all signals onto a common transmission path Bus must have higher data rate than individual I/O lines ...
... Used in digital transmission Utilizes multiplexing to place all signals onto a common transmission path Bus must have higher data rate than individual I/O lines ...
Defense Techniques
... • A gateway is a host with two (or more) network interfaces – (usually) operating system is configured so that IP forwarding is disabled – Traffic can pass across the gateway only if there is an application that explicitly operates the transfer (proxy) ...
... • A gateway is a host with two (or more) network interfaces – (usually) operating system is configured so that IP forwarding is disabled – Traffic can pass across the gateway only if there is an application that explicitly operates the transfer (proxy) ...
DCN-9-Communication-Services
... •TCP/IP protocol and, •Does not extend beyond the organization that created it. ...
... •TCP/IP protocol and, •Does not extend beyond the organization that created it. ...
01-Internet
... • Data are transmitted in short blocks, called packets • Typical upper bound 1000 octets (bytes) • Longer messages broken up into series of packets — Each packet contains part (or all for short message) of user's data plus some control information — Control information includes network routing — At ...
... • Data are transmitted in short blocks, called packets • Typical upper bound 1000 octets (bytes) • Longer messages broken up into series of packets — Each packet contains part (or all for short message) of user's data plus some control information — Control information includes network routing — At ...
An Analytics Approach to Traffic Analysis in Network Virtualization
... – a series of events collected from routers/switches that the packet goes through during its routing. – similar to IP Traceback output. ...
... – a series of events collected from routers/switches that the packet goes through during its routing. – similar to IP Traceback output. ...
Slides - Nipun Arora
... – a series of events collected from routers/switches that the packet goes through during its routing. – similar to IP Traceback output. ...
... – a series of events collected from routers/switches that the packet goes through during its routing. – similar to IP Traceback output. ...
SAMPLE TEST from past EXAMS
... d. none of the above 27. In _______, each packet of a message need not follow the same path from sender to receiver. a. circuit switching b. message switching c. the virtual approach to packet switching d. the datagram approach to packet switching 28. In _______, each packet of a message follows the ...
... d. none of the above 27. In _______, each packet of a message need not follow the same path from sender to receiver. a. circuit switching b. message switching c. the virtual approach to packet switching d. the datagram approach to packet switching 28. In _______, each packet of a message follows the ...
powerpoint
... • Ethernet allows packets to be sent between nodes on the same network • Internet Protocol (IP) allows packets to be sent between nodes on different networks • Key idea: some machines (i.e. routers) are on multiple networks • Ethernet is still used to send packets between routers ...
... • Ethernet allows packets to be sent between nodes on the same network • Internet Protocol (IP) allows packets to be sent between nodes on different networks • Key idea: some machines (i.e. routers) are on multiple networks • Ethernet is still used to send packets between routers ...
PPT
... it would appear as a single system different modes would be invisible jobs would migrate automatically from node to node a job on one node would be able to use memory on another ...
... it would appear as a single system different modes would be invisible jobs would migrate automatically from node to node a job on one node would be able to use memory on another ...
CSCI6268L18 - Computer Science
... • IP is “best effort” – There is no tracking of packets – If something is dropped… oh well – If one fragment is dropped, many transport layer protocols (like TCP) will consider the whole thing lost and not ACK – This seems bad, but it’s one of the biggest successes of IP – UDP is IP with ports, so i ...
... • IP is “best effort” – There is no tracking of packets – If something is dropped… oh well – If one fragment is dropped, many transport layer protocols (like TCP) will consider the whole thing lost and not ACK – This seems bad, but it’s one of the biggest successes of IP – UDP is IP with ports, so i ...
CISCO Semester III Chapter Questions
... is the one in which frames are completely processed before being forwarded out to the appropriate port • B. Store-and-forward packet switching technique is slower than cut-through packet switching • C. Cut-through packet switching is also known as on-the-fly packet switching • D. Buffering is requir ...
... is the one in which frames are completely processed before being forwarded out to the appropriate port • B. Store-and-forward packet switching technique is slower than cut-through packet switching • C. Cut-through packet switching is also known as on-the-fly packet switching • D. Buffering is requir ...
Chapter 1 Communication Networks and Services
... (a) Structure of the telephone system. (b) Baran’s proposed distributed switching system. ...
... (a) Structure of the telephone system. (b) Baran’s proposed distributed switching system. ...
Computer Networks and Internets
... All logical connections multiplexed over physical interconnection Data transferred must include connection identifier ...
... All logical connections multiplexed over physical interconnection Data transferred must include connection identifier ...
network view
... – presents programs with centralized programming model → require centralized network state – programs are written in terms of high-level abstractions (e.g., user and host names), not low-level configuration parameters (e.g., IP and MAC addresses) ...
... – presents programs with centralized programming model → require centralized network state – programs are written in terms of high-level abstractions (e.g., user and host names), not low-level configuration parameters (e.g., IP and MAC addresses) ...
Circuit Switched vs. Packet Switched Technology
... Is used for modem connections across PSTN, ISDN, and T-carriers ...
... Is used for modem connections across PSTN, ISDN, and T-carriers ...
Computer networks and the Internet
... On 11 September 1940, George Stibitz was able to transmit problems using teletype to his Complex Number Calculator in New York and receive the computed results back at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire.[16] This configuration of a centralized computer or mainframe with remote dumb terminals remaine ...
... On 11 September 1940, George Stibitz was able to transmit problems using teletype to his Complex Number Calculator in New York and receive the computed results back at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire.[16] This configuration of a centralized computer or mainframe with remote dumb terminals remaine ...
Networking Concepts An Introduction to
... many shorter point-to-point links. At each of the locations where these links meet, there is hardware designed to switch or route the packets to their various destinations. The difference between switching and routing lies in how devices are addressed on the network. Packet switching occurs when the ...
... many shorter point-to-point links. At each of the locations where these links meet, there is hardware designed to switch or route the packets to their various destinations. The difference between switching and routing lies in how devices are addressed on the network. Packet switching occurs when the ...
r03-arpa - Computer Engineering
... • Implementing a functionality at a lower level should have minimum performance impact on the applications that do not use the functionality ...
... • Implementing a functionality at a lower level should have minimum performance impact on the applications that do not use the functionality ...
Chapter 5: Telecommunications
... communication between two computers • Each higher layer builds on the functions of the layers below ...
... communication between two computers • Each higher layer builds on the functions of the layers below ...
Packet switching
Packet switching is a digital networking communications method that groups all transmitted data into suitably sized blocks, called packets, which are transmitted via a medium that may be shared by multiple simultaneous communication sessions. Packet switching increases network efficiency, robustness and enables technological convergence of many applications operating on the same network.Packets are composed of a header and payload. Information in the header is used by networking hardware to direct the packet to its destination where the payload is extracted and used by application software.Starting in the late 1950s, American computer scientist Paul Baran developed the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part of a research program at the RAND Corporation, funded by the US Department of Defense. This concept contrasted and contradicted the heretofore established principles of pre-allocation of network bandwidth, largely fortified by the development of telecommunications in the Bell System. The new concept found little resonance among network implementers until the independent work of Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom) (NPL) in the late 1960s. Davies is credited with coining the modern name packet switching and inspiring numerous packet switching networks in Europe in the decade following, including the incorporation of the concept in the early ARPANET in the United States.