Network Layer and Routing
... are divided into packets before they are sent. Each packet is then transmitted individually and can even follow different routes to its destination. Once all the packets forming a message arrive at the destination, they are recompiled into the original message. ...
... are divided into packets before they are sent. Each packet is then transmitted individually and can even follow different routes to its destination. Once all the packets forming a message arrive at the destination, they are recompiled into the original message. ...
Chapter 1 - William Stallings, Data and Computer Communications
... established for duration of conversation comprising a sequence of physical links with a dedicated logical channel eg. telephone network ...
... established for duration of conversation comprising a sequence of physical links with a dedicated logical channel eg. telephone network ...
Wireless Communications and Networks
... Some nodes connect only to other nodes (e.g., 5 and 7) Some nodes connect to one or more stations Node-node links usually multiplexed links Frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) Time-division multiplexing (TDM) Not a direct link between every node pair ...
... Some nodes connect only to other nodes (e.g., 5 and 7) Some nodes connect to one or more stations Node-node links usually multiplexed links Frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) Time-division multiplexing (TDM) Not a direct link between every node pair ...
Internetworking of connectionless and connection
... – CL applications have an application-level handshake that can be used to trigger connection setups • e.g., interconnecting an Internet telephony PC to a telephone • e.g., H.245 signaling to Q.931 signaling through the PSTN phone ...
... – CL applications have an application-level handshake that can be used to trigger connection setups • e.g., interconnecting an Internet telephony PC to a telephone • e.g., H.245 signaling to Q.931 signaling through the PSTN phone ...
Chapter 13
... – Developed by Microsoft for early versions of NT – A Layer 2 protocol – No longer supported by Microsoft • XP does not install NetBEUI by default, but the protocol can be added from the installation CD. ...
... – Developed by Microsoft for early versions of NT – A Layer 2 protocol – No longer supported by Microsoft • XP does not install NetBEUI by default, but the protocol can be added from the installation CD. ...
Computer Networks (CSC 345)
... ◦ Transmission time: time it takes to transmit a packet (depends on the link speed) = packet size/ speed ◦ Propagation delay: time for a bit to travel across a link (depends on the distance, physical medium) ◦ Queuing delay: waiting time inside a buffer ◦ Processing delay: time to process a packet ...
... ◦ Transmission time: time it takes to transmit a packet (depends on the link speed) = packet size/ speed ◦ Propagation delay: time for a bit to travel across a link (depends on the distance, physical medium) ◦ Queuing delay: waiting time inside a buffer ◦ Processing delay: time to process a packet ...
Question 1
... 2. If the number and load of computers in a shared Ethernet and a switched Ethernet are the same, then the average speed of the two networks will be the same. 3. Cut-through switches provide better filtering of erroneous packets than hubs. 4. A bridge can carry out traffic filtering based on Layer-2 ...
... 2. If the number and load of computers in a shared Ethernet and a switched Ethernet are the same, then the average speed of the two networks will be the same. 3. Cut-through switches provide better filtering of erroneous packets than hubs. 4. A bridge can carry out traffic filtering based on Layer-2 ...
Chap9.doc
... True or False. Type in a "T" or "F" in the blank to the left of the question. __ 1. Computer communications refers to the transfer of data, instructions, and information from one computer to another. __ 2. Communication channels include various transmission media, such as cables, telephone lines, an ...
... True or False. Type in a "T" or "F" in the blank to the left of the question. __ 1. Computer communications refers to the transfer of data, instructions, and information from one computer to another. __ 2. Communication channels include various transmission media, such as cables, telephone lines, an ...
The Infrastructure Technologies
... Packets can follow different routes to reach destination Error handling is important ...
... Packets can follow different routes to reach destination Error handling is important ...
pdf
... – in the future, to solve the interesting problems, we will need to get large collections of small machines to cooperate ...
... – in the future, to solve the interesting problems, we will need to get large collections of small machines to cooperate ...
Document
... • Data are transmitted in short blocks, called packets • Typical upper bound 1000 octets (bytes) • Longer messages broken up into series of packets — Each packet contains part (or all for short message) of user's data plus some control information — Control information includes network routing — At ...
... • Data are transmitted in short blocks, called packets • Typical upper bound 1000 octets (bytes) • Longer messages broken up into series of packets — Each packet contains part (or all for short message) of user's data plus some control information — Control information includes network routing — At ...
High-speed digital telecommunications networks that are national or
... • Frame Relay – A shared network service technology that packages data into bundles – Does not use error-correction – Cheaper and faster than packet-switching ...
... • Frame Relay – A shared network service technology that packages data into bundles – Does not use error-correction – Cheaper and faster than packet-switching ...
ns - Pattern
... in wireless environment •Work in progress: tests with a simple routing protocol (Dijkstra) ...
... in wireless environment •Work in progress: tests with a simple routing protocol (Dijkstra) ...
Wireless Communications and Networks
... reference to previous packets Each node chooses next node on packet’s path Packets don’t necessarily follow same route and may arrive out of sequence Exit node restores packets to original order Responsibility of exit node or destination to detect loss of packet and how to recover ...
... reference to previous packets Each node chooses next node on packet’s path Packets don’t necessarily follow same route and may arrive out of sequence Exit node restores packets to original order Responsibility of exit node or destination to detect loss of packet and how to recover ...
Ch. 8 Circuit Switching - The Coming
... • Similar to LAPD and LAPB except there is no control field. – Only one frame type (for user data). – It is not possible to use in-band signaling. – It is not possible to perform flow control and error control (no sequence numbers). ...
... • Similar to LAPD and LAPB except there is no control field. – Only one frame type (for user data). – It is not possible to use in-band signaling. – It is not possible to perform flow control and error control (no sequence numbers). ...
Optical Burst Switching Obs.doc
... • Similar to LAPD and LAPB except there is no control field. – Only one frame type (for user data). – It is not possible to use in-band signaling. – It is not possible to perform flow control and error control (no sequence numbers). ...
... • Similar to LAPD and LAPB except there is no control field. – Only one frame type (for user data). – It is not possible to use in-band signaling. – It is not possible to perform flow control and error control (no sequence numbers). ...
Slide 1
... • Ring – Passes a token (packet) from one segment to another – Can have the physical topology of a star network. ...
... • Ring – Passes a token (packet) from one segment to another – Can have the physical topology of a star network. ...
Document - Oman College of Management & Technology
... Packets Are Not The Same Size • Packets may be any size up to the maximum. – Can be as small as a single keystroke – Can be larger, depending on application ...
... Packets Are Not The Same Size • Packets may be any size up to the maximum. – Can be as small as a single keystroke – Can be larger, depending on application ...
4th Edition: Chapter 1
... • Source sends data over circuit • Constant transmission rate • Example: telephone network • Very early versions: Human-mediated switches. • Early versions: End-to-end electrical connection • Today: Virtual circuits ...
... • Source sends data over circuit • Constant transmission rate • Example: telephone network • Very early versions: Human-mediated switches. • Early versions: End-to-end electrical connection • Today: Virtual circuits ...
Interconnection Networks
... – IP : layer above interconnection network - routes datagram to destination machine – TCP : layer above IP - guaranees reliable, in-order delivery and prevents corruption of data ...
... – IP : layer above interconnection network - routes datagram to destination machine – TCP : layer above IP - guaranees reliable, in-order delivery and prevents corruption of data ...
الشريحة 1
... internet is a world wide or global system. It consists of interconnected computers. Data is interchanges through data packets using TCP/IP suite. ...
... internet is a world wide or global system. It consists of interconnected computers. Data is interchanges through data packets using TCP/IP suite. ...
Relationship between bandwidth and the transmission capacity of a
... • The subscribers pay only for the amount of data they transmit plus a subscription fee. • Customers do not have to invest in network equipment and software or perform their own error checking, editing, routing, and protocol conversion. • The network can use twisted-pair lines, satellite links, and ...
... • The subscribers pay only for the amount of data they transmit plus a subscription fee. • Customers do not have to invest in network equipment and software or perform their own error checking, editing, routing, and protocol conversion. • The network can use twisted-pair lines, satellite links, and ...
Only $7000 USD - Network Forensics | Lawful Interception
... infrastructure in enterprises, ISP, IDC and LTE/WiMAX operators ...
... infrastructure in enterprises, ISP, IDC and LTE/WiMAX operators ...
The Internet
... led effort for its adoption in 1980s in the mid 1980s, he led the engineering of MCI Mail, the first commercial email service to be connected to the Internet. ...
... led effort for its adoption in 1980s in the mid 1980s, he led the engineering of MCI Mail, the first commercial email service to be connected to the Internet. ...
Packet switching
Packet switching is a digital networking communications method that groups all transmitted data into suitably sized blocks, called packets, which are transmitted via a medium that may be shared by multiple simultaneous communication sessions. Packet switching increases network efficiency, robustness and enables technological convergence of many applications operating on the same network.Packets are composed of a header and payload. Information in the header is used by networking hardware to direct the packet to its destination where the payload is extracted and used by application software.Starting in the late 1950s, American computer scientist Paul Baran developed the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part of a research program at the RAND Corporation, funded by the US Department of Defense. This concept contrasted and contradicted the heretofore established principles of pre-allocation of network bandwidth, largely fortified by the development of telecommunications in the Bell System. The new concept found little resonance among network implementers until the independent work of Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom) (NPL) in the late 1960s. Davies is credited with coining the modern name packet switching and inspiring numerous packet switching networks in Europe in the decade following, including the incorporation of the concept in the early ARPANET in the United States.