Procedural Rights as a Crucial Tool to Combat Climate Change
... change related issues. States must also give the public a voice by allowing participation by all affected communities, including indigenous peoples. In Part II, this Article will first discuss how freedom of expression and access to information are embedded in human rights treaties, multilateral env ...
... change related issues. States must also give the public a voice by allowing participation by all affected communities, including indigenous peoples. In Part II, this Article will first discuss how freedom of expression and access to information are embedded in human rights treaties, multilateral env ...
Climate Change Briefing: Questions for Directors to Ask
... the global economy,” causing companies to fundamentally re-examine their longterm strategy to ensure competitive advantage in restructured world markets.7 In Canada, several provinces have already introduced various types of regulations concerning companies’ GHG emissions (see “Government regulation ...
... the global economy,” causing companies to fundamentally re-examine their longterm strategy to ensure competitive advantage in restructured world markets.7 In Canada, several provinces have already introduced various types of regulations concerning companies’ GHG emissions (see “Government regulation ...
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... provide a comparison to a more moderate mitigation pathway (RCP4.5) in which stabilization at 4.5 W m22 occurs around 2050, and then forcing remains fixed. In terms of the time evolution and value of globally averaged radiative forcing at 2100, RCP8.5 and RCP4.5 most closely resemble the A2 and B1 s ...
... provide a comparison to a more moderate mitigation pathway (RCP4.5) in which stabilization at 4.5 W m22 occurs around 2050, and then forcing remains fixed. In terms of the time evolution and value of globally averaged radiative forcing at 2100, RCP8.5 and RCP4.5 most closely resemble the A2 and B1 s ...
Poverty and climate change: assessing impacts in developing
... There is wide academic consensus that global warming is occurring due to the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group’s Fifth Report; Climate change 2001 : impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability, predicts an average global temperature ...
... There is wide academic consensus that global warming is occurring due to the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group’s Fifth Report; Climate change 2001 : impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability, predicts an average global temperature ...
A Review of The Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change
... of reality. As just one example among many, a very important part of the global warming story concerns the huge stock–flow lags and enormous built-in inertias from having such a long pipeline between greenhouse gas emissions and ultimate temperature changes. This built-in inertia causes ΔT to contin ...
... of reality. As just one example among many, a very important part of the global warming story concerns the huge stock–flow lags and enormous built-in inertias from having such a long pipeline between greenhouse gas emissions and ultimate temperature changes. This built-in inertia causes ΔT to contin ...
The impact of climate change and weather on transport - MOWE-IT
... bulk of the models. Although some extreme contrary climate change scenarios exist, they are not likely and they too are surrounded with large uncertainties. We therefore assume that the general direction of climate change as predicted by most climate models across the globe is accurate. Note that we ...
... bulk of the models. Although some extreme contrary climate change scenarios exist, they are not likely and they too are surrounded with large uncertainties. We therefore assume that the general direction of climate change as predicted by most climate models across the globe is accurate. Note that we ...
Cause of the widening of the tropical belt since 1958
... another by the SST/sea ice plus the estimated radiative forcing from both natural (solar and volcanic aerosol) and anthropogenic sources (well-mixed greenhouse gases, tropospheric and stratospheric ozone, and tropospheric aerosols) over the same period (referred to as SST+RAD). The radiative forcing ...
... another by the SST/sea ice plus the estimated radiative forcing from both natural (solar and volcanic aerosol) and anthropogenic sources (well-mixed greenhouse gases, tropospheric and stratospheric ozone, and tropospheric aerosols) over the same period (referred to as SST+RAD). The radiative forcing ...
Assessing the effects of climate and volcanism on diatom and
... The tropical Andes are undergoing climate changes that rival those occurring anywhere else on the planet, and are likely to have profound consequences for ecosystems. Paleolimnological investigations of remote mountain lakes can provide details of past environmental change, especially where monitori ...
... The tropical Andes are undergoing climate changes that rival those occurring anywhere else on the planet, and are likely to have profound consequences for ecosystems. Paleolimnological investigations of remote mountain lakes can provide details of past environmental change, especially where monitori ...
CLIMATE CHANGE: Regional Climate Model Predictions for Ireland (2001-CD-C4-M2) Environmental RTDI Programme 2000–2006
... Figure 2.3. Regional Climate Model verification. The temperature measured at 2-m height (i.e. the standard meteorological temperature) is difficult to model. The ERA-40 data, while based on meteorological observations, do not accurately reflect the regional variation in observed temperatures, mainly ...
... Figure 2.3. Regional Climate Model verification. The temperature measured at 2-m height (i.e. the standard meteorological temperature) is difficult to model. The ERA-40 data, while based on meteorological observations, do not accurately reflect the regional variation in observed temperatures, mainly ...
showing AIT - Department for Education
... temperature increases precede CO2 increases by several hundred years. Some sceptics have used this to support their claim that recent temperature rises may not be caused by CO2. But it is generally accepted that the causative relationship between CO2 and temperature over the last 650,000 years goes ...
... temperature increases precede CO2 increases by several hundred years. Some sceptics have used this to support their claim that recent temperature rises may not be caused by CO2. But it is generally accepted that the causative relationship between CO2 and temperature over the last 650,000 years goes ...
Towards a unifying narrative for climate change
... At the beginning of the new millennium, the word ‘Anthropocene’ was first used to describe the geological age in which we are now living, in recognition of the distinct and well-established changes to the Earth that humanity has caused since the industrial revolution1,2. Thirteen years later, the In ...
... At the beginning of the new millennium, the word ‘Anthropocene’ was first used to describe the geological age in which we are now living, in recognition of the distinct and well-established changes to the Earth that humanity has caused since the industrial revolution1,2. Thirteen years later, the In ...
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... First, we reconstruct fossil diatom and chironomid assemblages spanning the last several centuries of environmental change. In the Andes, diatom assemblages have been shown to respond sensitively to recent climatic change (Michelutti et al., 2015a, 2015b), but far less research has been done on the ...
... First, we reconstruct fossil diatom and chironomid assemblages spanning the last several centuries of environmental change. In the Andes, diatom assemblages have been shown to respond sensitively to recent climatic change (Michelutti et al., 2015a, 2015b), but far less research has been done on the ...
Adaptation and mitigation: trade-offs in substance and methods Richard S.J. Tol *
... 5. Trade-offs between mitigation and facilitative adaptation One question a comparison of mitigation and facilitative adaptation could address is how much the need for facilitative adaptation falls if mitigation is increased. That question is difficult to answer as climate change is so uncertain. Mo ...
... 5. Trade-offs between mitigation and facilitative adaptation One question a comparison of mitigation and facilitative adaptation could address is how much the need for facilitative adaptation falls if mitigation is increased. That question is difficult to answer as climate change is so uncertain. Mo ...
Climate Reconstruction from Subsurface Temperatures
... As measurement of the terrestrial heat flux became a major endeavor in geophysics in the latter half of the twentieth century (Pollack 1982), interest in climate change centered on how it might affect the estimate of the geothermal gradient and thus the determination of heat flow from Earth’s interi ...
... As measurement of the terrestrial heat flux became a major endeavor in geophysics in the latter half of the twentieth century (Pollack 1982), interest in climate change centered on how it might affect the estimate of the geothermal gradient and thus the determination of heat flow from Earth’s interi ...
Global Warming Greenhouse effect Heat lost to
... CO2 has increased from 300 parts per million in 1920 (1) to nearly 380 parts per million in 2000 (1). In this 20 year period it has increased by 80 parts per million (1) which is almost a quarter of ...
... CO2 has increased from 300 parts per million in 1920 (1) to nearly 380 parts per million in 2000 (1). In this 20 year period it has increased by 80 parts per million (1) which is almost a quarter of ...
Chapter Climate Change 2014 Synthesis Report Summary for
... Each of the last three decades has been successively warmer at the Earth’s surface than any preceding decade since 1850. The period from 1983 to 2012 was likely the warmest 30-year period of the last 1400 years in the Northern Hemisphere, where such assessment is possible (medium confidence). The gl ...
... Each of the last three decades has been successively warmer at the Earth’s surface than any preceding decade since 1850. The period from 1983 to 2012 was likely the warmest 30-year period of the last 1400 years in the Northern Hemisphere, where such assessment is possible (medium confidence). The gl ...
Climate Change and Hazard Mitigation Planning
... §5165), all States must have an approved statewide hazard mitigation plan in place in order to receive federal disaster mitigation funding from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The purpose of these State Hazard Mitigation Plans (SHMPs) is to limit potential losses due to natural and o ...
... §5165), all States must have an approved statewide hazard mitigation plan in place in order to receive federal disaster mitigation funding from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The purpose of these State Hazard Mitigation Plans (SHMPs) is to limit potential losses due to natural and o ...
Climate change and agriculture - NSW Department of Primary
... dependent in most areas, and on the availability and price of grain which has now become an integral part of a previously pasture-based production system. Indeed the dairy industry nationally is the now single largest consumer of feed-grains in Australia, using over $500M/annum. In the sub-tropical ...
... dependent in most areas, and on the availability and price of grain which has now become an integral part of a previously pasture-based production system. Indeed the dairy industry nationally is the now single largest consumer of feed-grains in Australia, using over $500M/annum. In the sub-tropical ...
Seasonal mean temperature changes control future heat waves
... a common 1∘ by 1∘ grid using a simple nearest neighbor approach. Only land grid cells were considered in the analysis and they are defined as those where at least half of the models indicated 80% or more of land. In addition to HIST and RCP8.5 scenarios which provide information on the present and fu ...
... a common 1∘ by 1∘ grid using a simple nearest neighbor approach. Only land grid cells were considered in the analysis and they are defined as those where at least half of the models indicated 80% or more of land. In addition to HIST and RCP8.5 scenarios which provide information on the present and fu ...
SUBSTITUTION OF NATURAL GAS FOR COAL: CLIMATIC
... Morgan and Keith, 1995). Here, we use a reference estimate value of 2.5 ◦ C for a radiative forcing increase produced by a doubling of CO2 concentration (IPCC, 1996a, 2001). Although a range of climate sensitivity from 1.5 ◦ C to 4.5 ◦ C is commonly considered, the value used does not change the rel ...
... Morgan and Keith, 1995). Here, we use a reference estimate value of 2.5 ◦ C for a radiative forcing increase produced by a doubling of CO2 concentration (IPCC, 1996a, 2001). Although a range of climate sensitivity from 1.5 ◦ C to 4.5 ◦ C is commonly considered, the value used does not change the rel ...
sustainable development: from community approaches to flood
... From CAFM to Climate Change Adaptation (contd.) Once the capacity of the communities are, thus, enhanced to manage floods or other natural disasters, a major step will have been achieved towards adaptation to climate change It will be necessary to incorporate climate risk assessments in the pr ...
... From CAFM to Climate Change Adaptation (contd.) Once the capacity of the communities are, thus, enhanced to manage floods or other natural disasters, a major step will have been achieved towards adaptation to climate change It will be necessary to incorporate climate risk assessments in the pr ...
How are extreme temperatures changing in Sweden
... of society leads to a further increase of GHG which in turn strengthen the radiative forcing; this results in an increasing global mean temperature (Hartmann et al., 2013). In AR5, the IPCC model the trajectories of four different levels of GHG concentrations known as RCP. In these so called scenar ...
... of society leads to a further increase of GHG which in turn strengthen the radiative forcing; this results in an increasing global mean temperature (Hartmann et al., 2013). In AR5, the IPCC model the trajectories of four different levels of GHG concentrations known as RCP. In these so called scenar ...