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... However, given the larger and faster growing populations in NA1 regions, the contribution of emerging economies to total emissions is becoming substantial. China, in particular, has doubled its emissions since the signature of the Kyoto protocol in 1997, and is now the largest contributor of energy- ...
... However, given the larger and faster growing populations in NA1 regions, the contribution of emerging economies to total emissions is becoming substantial. China, in particular, has doubled its emissions since the signature of the Kyoto protocol in 1997, and is now the largest contributor of energy- ...
PPAI Goals - US CLIVAR
... What are the leading causes of the current drought? What is the likelihood for a break in the drought this year? Can we expect more/worse drought over the next 10 years? How much are temperature trends exacerbating the drought? What happens to frequency/severity of drought in a changing cl ...
... What are the leading causes of the current drought? What is the likelihood for a break in the drought this year? Can we expect more/worse drought over the next 10 years? How much are temperature trends exacerbating the drought? What happens to frequency/severity of drought in a changing cl ...
Assessing climate risk to improve farm business management
... and apply less fertiliser. Thus a better understanding of expected rainfall can be used to amend the crop management decisions, thereby reducing the risk of farming. However, education and training are needed so that the farmer fully understands probabilistic forecasts and their limitations. Details ...
... and apply less fertiliser. Thus a better understanding of expected rainfall can be used to amend the crop management decisions, thereby reducing the risk of farming. However, education and training are needed so that the farmer fully understands probabilistic forecasts and their limitations. Details ...
CBIS` Perspective on Fossil Fuel Divestment
... fuel by cars, trucks, ships, trains and airplanes. Electricity production generates the largest share of greenhouse gas emissions, the majority of which comes from burning fossil fuels. Addressing these key economic sectors in a comprehensive manner may have a greater impact than focusing solely on ...
... fuel by cars, trucks, ships, trains and airplanes. Electricity production generates the largest share of greenhouse gas emissions, the majority of which comes from burning fossil fuels. Addressing these key economic sectors in a comprehensive manner may have a greater impact than focusing solely on ...
Robustness of pattern scaled climate change scenarios for adaptation decision support
... This assumption requires that, for instance, the warming pattern for a 4o global warming is the same as for a 2o global warming, but twice as big. In other words pattern scaling is only viable if local temperatures scale linearly with global mean surface temperature. Since the global mean surface te ...
... This assumption requires that, for instance, the warming pattern for a 4o global warming is the same as for a 2o global warming, but twice as big. In other words pattern scaling is only viable if local temperatures scale linearly with global mean surface temperature. Since the global mean surface te ...
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... food security for their economies. The sector also has large numbers of smallholder farmers, most of who produce under unfavorable conditions characterized by low and erratic rainfall and poor soils. There is need to better understand the nature and magnitude of the impacts of climate change on agri ...
... food security for their economies. The sector also has large numbers of smallholder farmers, most of who produce under unfavorable conditions characterized by low and erratic rainfall and poor soils. There is need to better understand the nature and magnitude of the impacts of climate change on agri ...
The Role of Water Vapour in Earth`s Energy Flows
... spectrum, relating to vibrational and rotational modes of molecular excitation, is reasonably well characterised by detailed measurements and theory. Nevertheless, there remains a question as to the physical basis of radiative transfer away from the absorption line centres, important for the atmosph ...
... spectrum, relating to vibrational and rotational modes of molecular excitation, is reasonably well characterised by detailed measurements and theory. Nevertheless, there remains a question as to the physical basis of radiative transfer away from the absorption line centres, important for the atmosph ...
connell_ukcip - Global Change System for Analysis, Research
... • Tendency to use one ‘best guess’ scenario where more information is available (UKCIP98 medium-high) • Downscaling used in Wales (RCM data) and East Midlands (RCM and statistical downscaling data) studies ...
... • Tendency to use one ‘best guess’ scenario where more information is available (UKCIP98 medium-high) • Downscaling used in Wales (RCM data) and East Midlands (RCM and statistical downscaling data) studies ...
Monitoring - Australian Institute of Alpine Studies
... allowed an iterative process that led to the production of this report in just over three weeks. It may have some drawbacks, for example not all publications could be checked for their relevance, and the dates and locations of other studies could not be checked in the short time available. However, ...
... allowed an iterative process that led to the production of this report in just over three weeks. It may have some drawbacks, for example not all publications could be checked for their relevance, and the dates and locations of other studies could not be checked in the short time available. However, ...
Multi-model climate change projections for India under
... forcing, not detailed socio-economic narratives or scenarios. Central to the process is the concept that any single radiative forcing pathway can result from a diverse range of socio-economic and technological development scenarios. There are four RCP scenarios: RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0 and RCP8.5. Th ...
... forcing, not detailed socio-economic narratives or scenarios. Central to the process is the concept that any single radiative forcing pathway can result from a diverse range of socio-economic and technological development scenarios. There are four RCP scenarios: RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0 and RCP8.5. Th ...
- 1 - Transitioning to a low carbon transport system in developing
... Besides, two alternative scenarios for ‘Low Carbon Transport’ are considered as more optimal cases, and are modeled for the period until 2050. The scenarios use the articulation by Shukla et. al. (2008), with a carbon tax (CT) scenario of a pure carbon policy instrument in the form of a carbon tax, ...
... Besides, two alternative scenarios for ‘Low Carbon Transport’ are considered as more optimal cases, and are modeled for the period until 2050. The scenarios use the articulation by Shukla et. al. (2008), with a carbon tax (CT) scenario of a pure carbon policy instrument in the form of a carbon tax, ...
IV. To Delete or Change an Existing Course – check X all that apply
... to the sea?” he echoes a question that has intrigued philosophers and geologists for centuries. The atmosphere reacts with the land surface, rivers carry eroded materials to the ocean, and deposited ocean sediments ultimately become new mountains – completing just one of many biogeochemical cycles t ...
... to the sea?” he echoes a question that has intrigued philosophers and geologists for centuries. The atmosphere reacts with the land surface, rivers carry eroded materials to the ocean, and deposited ocean sediments ultimately become new mountains – completing just one of many biogeochemical cycles t ...
1.4 MB - about undp maldives
... be greatly impacted by the consequences of climate change. Hence, adaptation to climate change is an essential and immediate need, and may be achieved through integrating climate risk and resilience building into development and disaster risk management. Mitigation is high on the national agenda in ...
... be greatly impacted by the consequences of climate change. Hence, adaptation to climate change is an essential and immediate need, and may be achieved through integrating climate risk and resilience building into development and disaster risk management. Mitigation is high on the national agenda in ...
instructions for formatting your manuscript
... buildup is dictated by temperature and precipitation, we used changes in temperature to determine the change in timing at which snow begins to accumulate. We scaled the rates of change in snow-covered area by changes in precipitation. We used years for which snowfall and temperature were representat ...
... buildup is dictated by temperature and precipitation, we used changes in temperature to determine the change in timing at which snow begins to accumulate. We scaled the rates of change in snow-covered area by changes in precipitation. We used years for which snowfall and temperature were representat ...
Do international factors influence the passage of climate change
... Increasing numbers of countries are passing climate change legislation. Practically all major emitters of greenhouse gases have in place laws to control emissions, conserve energy or promote cleaner forms of energy production, while vulnerable countries are taking steps to prepare for the impacts of ...
... Increasing numbers of countries are passing climate change legislation. Practically all major emitters of greenhouse gases have in place laws to control emissions, conserve energy or promote cleaner forms of energy production, while vulnerable countries are taking steps to prepare for the impacts of ...
Final qualitative report
... Climate of the Nation – Qualitative Research Final Report June 2012 As a result of the personal experience for many people over recent years of cost of living increases driven (largely) by rising electricity prices, plus a focus on carbon emissions from energy production as an assumed focus of th ...
... Climate of the Nation – Qualitative Research Final Report June 2012 As a result of the personal experience for many people over recent years of cost of living increases driven (largely) by rising electricity prices, plus a focus on carbon emissions from energy production as an assumed focus of th ...
Busting the Carbon Budget: Low Carbon Economy Index.
... Last year’s Low Carbon Economy Index (LCEI) had the title ‘Too late for two degrees?’. In other words, the jury was still out. This year the question mark looks harder to justify. For the fifth year running we have examined the rate of decarbonisation in the G20. And it’s not good reading. In 2008, ...
... Last year’s Low Carbon Economy Index (LCEI) had the title ‘Too late for two degrees?’. In other words, the jury was still out. This year the question mark looks harder to justify. For the fifth year running we have examined the rate of decarbonisation in the G20. And it’s not good reading. In 2008, ...
Climate change: The investment perspective
... The complex financial impact of climate risks The Paris Agreement of December 2015, ratified in early October 2016, provides a milestone achievement in a series of events, speeches and reports that have propelled the issue of climate change to prominence over the past two years. The potential finan ...
... The complex financial impact of climate risks The Paris Agreement of December 2015, ratified in early October 2016, provides a milestone achievement in a series of events, speeches and reports that have propelled the issue of climate change to prominence over the past two years. The potential finan ...
Changing Pollen Types/Concentrations
... warming, although most of these are declining because of restrictions imposed by the Montreal Protocol to protect upper atmospheric ozone. Models of carbon dioxide use project increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels above 500 ppm before the beginning of the next century [6 ]. This increase pr ...
... warming, although most of these are declining because of restrictions imposed by the Montreal Protocol to protect upper atmospheric ozone. Models of carbon dioxide use project increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels above 500 ppm before the beginning of the next century [6 ]. This increase pr ...
Million Species
... I.II,}"C bodied animals is further enhanced because of other correlated 11 .lil s such as their requirement oflarge foraging area, greater food in 1.1"(" high habitat specificity, and lower reproductive rates (West and I ~i'( 'WII, 2(05). Why thcn (in evolutionary terms) be big? Three reasons are t ...
... I.II,}"C bodied animals is further enhanced because of other correlated 11 .lil s such as their requirement oflarge foraging area, greater food in 1.1"(" high habitat specificity, and lower reproductive rates (West and I ~i'( 'WII, 2(05). Why thcn (in evolutionary terms) be big? Three reasons are t ...
Farmer beliefs and concerns about climate change and attitudes
... rainfall, a primary impact of climate change predicted for Iowa (ICCIC 2011). The first, “Iowa farmers should take additional steps to protect their land from increased precipitation,” measures belief that farmers ought to prepare farmland for potential future increases in precipitation (PROTECT). I ...
... rainfall, a primary impact of climate change predicted for Iowa (ICCIC 2011). The first, “Iowa farmers should take additional steps to protect their land from increased precipitation,” measures belief that farmers ought to prepare farmland for potential future increases in precipitation (PROTECT). I ...
CV - Princeton University
... American Museum of Natural History Advisory Board, Environmental Media Association Contributing Author, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, First Assessment Report, WGII Chapter 5 Board of Analysts, “Greenwire” National Steering Committee, Florida Global Warming Education Project, American Ho ...
... American Museum of Natural History Advisory Board, Environmental Media Association Contributing Author, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, First Assessment Report, WGII Chapter 5 Board of Analysts, “Greenwire” National Steering Committee, Florida Global Warming Education Project, American Ho ...
Long-term changes in climate and insect damage
... far northern parts of the continent (as in the multiAtmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models average projections shown in figure 3.2 of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Synthesis Report, Climate Change (IPCC, 2007)). Thus, it is also likely that the increases in temperatures will be ...
... far northern parts of the continent (as in the multiAtmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models average projections shown in figure 3.2 of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Synthesis Report, Climate Change (IPCC, 2007)). Thus, it is also likely that the increases in temperatures will be ...
Summary for Policymakers - Climate Change Reconsidered
... Climate Change Reconsidered II: Physical Science The hypothesis of human-caused global warming comes up short not merely of “full scientific certainty” but of reasonable certainty or even plausibility. The weight of evidence now leans heavily against the theory. Invoking the precautionary principl ...
... Climate Change Reconsidered II: Physical Science The hypothesis of human-caused global warming comes up short not merely of “full scientific certainty” but of reasonable certainty or even plausibility. The weight of evidence now leans heavily against the theory. Invoking the precautionary principl ...
Climate Research 57:61
... be increasing the impacts on vulnerable people living in areas where a risk of flash flooding and landslides exists. Studies on the effects of urbanization on climate in the MASP have been performed using various regional models (Freitas & Silva Dias 2005, Freitas et al. 2007, Mourão 2010), and the ...
... be increasing the impacts on vulnerable people living in areas where a risk of flash flooding and landslides exists. Studies on the effects of urbanization on climate in the MASP have been performed using various regional models (Freitas & Silva Dias 2005, Freitas et al. 2007, Mourão 2010), and the ...
Climate change in the United States
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/U.S._Temperature_Record_(1950_to_2009)_(PNG).png?width=300)
Because of global warming, there has been concern in the United States and internationally, that the country should reduce total greenhouse gas which is relatively high per capita.In 2012, the United States experienced its warmest year on record. As of 2012, the thirteen warmest years for the entire planet have all occurred since 1998, transcending those from 1880.From 1950 to 2009, the American government's surface temperature record shows an increase by 1 °F (0.56 °C), approximately. Global warming has caused many changes in the U.S. According to a 2009 statement by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), trends include lake and river ice melting earlier in the spring, plants blooming earlier, multiple animal species shifting their habitat ranges northward, and reductions in the size of glaciers.Predicting future climate changes are fraught with difficultly. Some research has warned against possible problems due to American climate changes such as the spread of invasive species and possibilities of floods as well as droughts. Changes in climate in the regions of the United States appear significant. Drought conditions appear to be worsening in the southwest while improving in the northeast for example.President Barack Obama committed in the December 2009 Copenhagen Climate Change Summit to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the range of 17% below 2005 levels by 2020, 42% below 2005 levels by 2030, and 83% below 2005 levels by 2050. In an address towards the U.S. Congress in June 2013, Obama detailed a specific action plan to achieve the 17% carbon emissions cut from 2005 by 2020. He included such measures as shifting from coal-based power generation to solar and natural gas production.