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Multi-hazard assessment in Europe under climate change
... uncertainty) and S values the percentage of area subject to significant changes (5 % level). The frequency analysis is complemented with the corresponding variations in Expected Annual Fraction Exposed (EAFE) shown in Fig. 2 both in terms of its magnitude and relative change with respect to the base ...
... uncertainty) and S values the percentage of area subject to significant changes (5 % level). The frequency analysis is complemented with the corresponding variations in Expected Annual Fraction Exposed (EAFE) shown in Fig. 2 both in terms of its magnitude and relative change with respect to the base ...
CAN Europe response to: Consultation on market
... All air travel from one country to another. To ensure equity, routes between developed countries should be subject to more ambitious climate policies. ...
... All air travel from one country to another. To ensure equity, routes between developed countries should be subject to more ambitious climate policies. ...
ST 2011 02
... longwave (infrared) radiation, convection, land surface processes, albedo, hydrology, cloud cover, and sea ice dynamics (Rupp et al., 2009). Many global climate models (GCMs) have been developed and evaluated around the world. These models have come to many fairly consistent conclusions. In general, ...
... longwave (infrared) radiation, convection, land surface processes, albedo, hydrology, cloud cover, and sea ice dynamics (Rupp et al., 2009). Many global climate models (GCMs) have been developed and evaluated around the world. These models have come to many fairly consistent conclusions. In general, ...
... extreme environments (e.g. deserts or high mountains) where overwintering of our focal species does not occur, and covering at least 45 years of data for the period 1951-2003. Statistical analysis We tested for temporal trends in FADs of all species and climatic variables from each African climatic ...
Domestic Politics and Global Climate Policy
... by many that in developing countries whose governments are less effective and where domestic constituencies do not view climate change as a salient issue, participation in the climate change negotiations occurred mostly in exchange for the industrialized world’s commitment to negotiate on economic d ...
... by many that in developing countries whose governments are less effective and where domestic constituencies do not view climate change as a salient issue, participation in the climate change negotiations occurred mostly in exchange for the industrialized world’s commitment to negotiate on economic d ...
Increasing Mississippi river discharge throughout the 21st century
... resolution, covering the entire continental U.S. [Stoner et al., 2013]. We adopted projected future climate data from three general circulation models (GCMs) (Community Climate System Model version 3.0 (CCSM3), European Centre/Hamburg (ECHAM), and Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis ( ...
... resolution, covering the entire continental U.S. [Stoner et al., 2013]. We adopted projected future climate data from three general circulation models (GCMs) (Community Climate System Model version 3.0 (CCSM3), European Centre/Hamburg (ECHAM), and Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis ( ...
Project Summary
... An overwhelming body of scientific evidence indicates that “most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations” (Solomon et al., 2007). One of the impacts of this warmin ...
... An overwhelming body of scientific evidence indicates that “most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations” (Solomon et al., 2007). One of the impacts of this warmin ...
Energy and Climate Change Element
... effect. Collectively, these gases intensify the natural greenhouse effect, causing global average surface temperature to rise, which in turn affects global climate patterns. In response to the threat of climate change, communities worldwide are voluntarily reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The Kyot ...
... effect. Collectively, these gases intensify the natural greenhouse effect, causing global average surface temperature to rise, which in turn affects global climate patterns. In response to the threat of climate change, communities worldwide are voluntarily reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The Kyot ...
Cutting the Knot
... This is a problematic requirement, not because most people wouldn't agree that catastrophic climate change should be prevented, but because it seems to grant the inevitability of severe harms, particularly to people in developing countries and to sensitive ecosystems, harms that will become extreme ...
... This is a problematic requirement, not because most people wouldn't agree that catastrophic climate change should be prevented, but because it seems to grant the inevitability of severe harms, particularly to people in developing countries and to sensitive ecosystems, harms that will become extreme ...
Chapter 5. Brief history of climate: causes and mechanisms
... Since the beginning of Earth’s history, climate has varied on all timescales. Over millions of years, it has swung between very warm conditions, with annual mean temperatures above 10°C in polar regions and glacial climates in which the ice sheets covered the majority of the mid-latitude continents. ...
... Since the beginning of Earth’s history, climate has varied on all timescales. Over millions of years, it has swung between very warm conditions, with annual mean temperatures above 10°C in polar regions and glacial climates in which the ice sheets covered the majority of the mid-latitude continents. ...
First Report - Climate Change Advisory Council
... This transformation is required in Ireland and globally to avoid the likelihood of severe, pervasive and irreversible impacts of climate change, the risk of which increase as the global temperature increases. The impacts of a global temperature increase of 4°C or more are projected to include substa ...
... This transformation is required in Ireland and globally to avoid the likelihood of severe, pervasive and irreversible impacts of climate change, the risk of which increase as the global temperature increases. The impacts of a global temperature increase of 4°C or more are projected to include substa ...
New American Media (Opinion), January 20, 2010, by Andrew
... Road Traffic: The situation is catastrophic with very high death and injury rates, as well as greenhouse gas emissions caused by daily traffic jams. UNESCO has developed a project document to suggest short-term improvements of human safety and long-term enhancements of the traffic situation. Food se ...
... Road Traffic: The situation is catastrophic with very high death and injury rates, as well as greenhouse gas emissions caused by daily traffic jams. UNESCO has developed a project document to suggest short-term improvements of human safety and long-term enhancements of the traffic situation. Food se ...
PDF
... Energy needs and the demand for bio-fuel are major threats to the district’s forests. The 1999 State of the Environment report sites deforestation as the major environmental problem facing Malawi, with about 3% of forest lost every year. Although this figure is declining, this is because there is no ...
... Energy needs and the demand for bio-fuel are major threats to the district’s forests. The 1999 State of the Environment report sites deforestation as the major environmental problem facing Malawi, with about 3% of forest lost every year. Although this figure is declining, this is because there is no ...
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... (IPCC, op. cit., pp. 2-4.) Glaciers are melting at accelerated rates, plants are flowering earlier, the oceans are becoming more acidic, and animals are shifting their ranges, all in response to worldwide changes in the climate. As anthropogenic gases force greater climate change, drought-affected a ...
... (IPCC, op. cit., pp. 2-4.) Glaciers are melting at accelerated rates, plants are flowering earlier, the oceans are becoming more acidic, and animals are shifting their ranges, all in response to worldwide changes in the climate. As anthropogenic gases force greater climate change, drought-affected a ...
Tropical Forests and Climate Policy
... S5) of total annual anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions during this period. Cumulative carbon emissions reductions required to stabilize at 450 ppm CO2 Cumulative carbon emissions from 2010–2100 allowed under the WRE-450 stabilization scenario were calculated as follows. First, the IPCC allowable ...
... S5) of total annual anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions during this period. Cumulative carbon emissions reductions required to stabilize at 450 ppm CO2 Cumulative carbon emissions from 2010–2100 allowed under the WRE-450 stabilization scenario were calculated as follows. First, the IPCC allowable ...
Climate change and seafood safety: Human health implications
... atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon dioxide (concentrations of CO2 have increased by more than 30%, from 280 ppm in pre-industrial times to present day levels of 387 ppm (Earth Systems Research Laboratory/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; http://co2now.org/)). Other ...
... atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon dioxide (concentrations of CO2 have increased by more than 30%, from 280 ppm in pre-industrial times to present day levels of 387 ppm (Earth Systems Research Laboratory/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; http://co2now.org/)). Other ...
Climate change and health in Earth`s future
... Glue, in contrast, describes the attachments that people have with their current location, often the ancestral home, which weigh against migration. In some areas, ecological disruption will weaken the emotional and economic ties that people have with their places and ecosystems, including for those ...
... Glue, in contrast, describes the attachments that people have with their current location, often the ancestral home, which weigh against migration. In some areas, ecological disruption will weaken the emotional and economic ties that people have with their places and ecosystems, including for those ...
How will climate change affect oil palm fungal diseases?
... events and (e) land degradation resulting from increasing drought. The reduction in agricultural production will be more severe in tropical regions, where there is a shortage of food production. However, multifactorial studies, such as free air CO2 enrichment are difficult to control in tropical clim ...
... events and (e) land degradation resulting from increasing drought. The reduction in agricultural production will be more severe in tropical regions, where there is a shortage of food production. However, multifactorial studies, such as free air CO2 enrichment are difficult to control in tropical clim ...
Integration of hydrologic and water allocation models in basin
... 2010) and hydropower generation (Jamali et al. 2013). Looking at the high variability of stream flows, changes in climate and landuse, and ongoing water resources development planning, it will be extremely difficult to meet the demands of all sectors in the future particularly during dry years (Masi ...
... 2010) and hydropower generation (Jamali et al. 2013). Looking at the high variability of stream flows, changes in climate and landuse, and ongoing water resources development planning, it will be extremely difficult to meet the demands of all sectors in the future particularly during dry years (Masi ...
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... responsibility from developed country companies on climate change will develop actions towards regulating their practices and gradually reduce their emissions, their impact on the environment and respect for human rights. 17. We stress that the developing countries require time and resources to achi ...
... responsibility from developed country companies on climate change will develop actions towards regulating their practices and gradually reduce their emissions, their impact on the environment and respect for human rights. 17. We stress that the developing countries require time and resources to achi ...
Climate Change Trends and Action Report
... The Minnesota Board of Water and Soil Resources (BWSR) mission is to improve and protect Minnesota's water and soil resources by working in partnership with local organizations and private landowners. With extreme weather patterns and disrupted natural cycles, climate change has the potential to dec ...
... The Minnesota Board of Water and Soil Resources (BWSR) mission is to improve and protect Minnesota's water and soil resources by working in partnership with local organizations and private landowners. With extreme weather patterns and disrupted natural cycles, climate change has the potential to dec ...
Full Report
... ■ Large savings, on the order of trillions of dollars, are available from distributing international abatement efficiently rather than using naive allocations like holding regional emissions at current levels: these savings may be particularly large for developing countries. ■ Several simple, plausi ...
... ■ Large savings, on the order of trillions of dollars, are available from distributing international abatement efficiently rather than using naive allocations like holding regional emissions at current levels: these savings may be particularly large for developing countries. ■ Several simple, plausi ...
Climate change in the United States
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/U.S._Temperature_Record_(1950_to_2009)_(PNG).png?width=300)
Because of global warming, there has been concern in the United States and internationally, that the country should reduce total greenhouse gas which is relatively high per capita.In 2012, the United States experienced its warmest year on record. As of 2012, the thirteen warmest years for the entire planet have all occurred since 1998, transcending those from 1880.From 1950 to 2009, the American government's surface temperature record shows an increase by 1 °F (0.56 °C), approximately. Global warming has caused many changes in the U.S. According to a 2009 statement by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), trends include lake and river ice melting earlier in the spring, plants blooming earlier, multiple animal species shifting their habitat ranges northward, and reductions in the size of glaciers.Predicting future climate changes are fraught with difficultly. Some research has warned against possible problems due to American climate changes such as the spread of invasive species and possibilities of floods as well as droughts. Changes in climate in the regions of the United States appear significant. Drought conditions appear to be worsening in the southwest while improving in the northeast for example.President Barack Obama committed in the December 2009 Copenhagen Climate Change Summit to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the range of 17% below 2005 levels by 2020, 42% below 2005 levels by 2030, and 83% below 2005 levels by 2050. In an address towards the U.S. Congress in June 2013, Obama detailed a specific action plan to achieve the 17% carbon emissions cut from 2005 by 2020. He included such measures as shifting from coal-based power generation to solar and natural gas production.