Complex coastlines responding to climate change
... Murray, 2006b). However, in the model experiments reported here, we used simplified synthetic wave distributions. These generic distributions could represent either systematic differences in wave height as a function of approach angle, or in the frequency with which waves approach from different ang ...
... Murray, 2006b). However, in the model experiments reported here, we used simplified synthetic wave distributions. These generic distributions could represent either systematic differences in wave height as a function of approach angle, or in the frequency with which waves approach from different ang ...
Tilburg University Climate change adaptation
... sustainable manner. Mitigation, according to the objective of the UNFCCC, is supposed to be successful so that ecosystems, food production, and the economy are more or less automatically kept as they were before. Fifteen years later, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sounded the ...
... sustainable manner. Mitigation, according to the objective of the UNFCCC, is supposed to be successful so that ecosystems, food production, and the economy are more or less automatically kept as they were before. Fifteen years later, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sounded the ...
Coastal Processes and Climate Change Predictions
... During the past few decades, sediment has been lost from beaches, resulting in decreased width and increased slope. Globally, this situation has been far more common than cases where sediment is accumulating and propagation occurring. The cause of this trend is unclear, though the key forcing factor ...
... During the past few decades, sediment has been lost from beaches, resulting in decreased width and increased slope. Globally, this situation has been far more common than cases where sediment is accumulating and propagation occurring. The cause of this trend is unclear, though the key forcing factor ...
Planning for Climate Change Effects on Coastal Margins
... Zealand published by the Ministry for the Environment/New Zealand Climate Change Programme in July 2001 (MfE, 2001). The report aims to assist resource managers and planners to understand the underlying impacts and issues in climate change and sealevel rise, and to provide guidance in planning and t ...
... Zealand published by the Ministry for the Environment/New Zealand Climate Change Programme in July 2001 (MfE, 2001). The report aims to assist resource managers and planners to understand the underlying impacts and issues in climate change and sealevel rise, and to provide guidance in planning and t ...
... to decrease their carbon footprint. Millions of philanthropic dollars have been targeted for climate work. Increasingly, governments, at all levels, are implementing policies to decrease energy use within their operations and are funding programs within their jurisdictions. Numerous nonprofit organi ...
- ACE CRC
... More than 90% of the extra heat energy stored by the planet in the last 50 years, and about 30% of the carbon dioxide released by human activities over the same period has been absorbed in the ocean. By absorbing heat and carbon dioxide, the oceans have slowed the rate of climate change. The Souther ...
... More than 90% of the extra heat energy stored by the planet in the last 50 years, and about 30% of the carbon dioxide released by human activities over the same period has been absorbed in the ocean. By absorbing heat and carbon dioxide, the oceans have slowed the rate of climate change. The Souther ...
Scholarly networks on resilience, vulnerability
... change. There is a disciplinary legacy of geography. In contrast to resilience there is no focus on mathematical models, but a focus on the comparative analysis of case studies. Adaptation to environmental variability has been a focus of anthropology since the early 1900s. In the 1990s scholars bega ...
... change. There is a disciplinary legacy of geography. In contrast to resilience there is no focus on mathematical models, but a focus on the comparative analysis of case studies. Adaptation to environmental variability has been a focus of anthropology since the early 1900s. In the 1990s scholars bega ...
Everybody`s Movement: Environmental Justice and Climate Change
... to decrease their carbon footprint. Millions of philanthropic dollars have been targeted for climate work. Increasingly, governments, at all levels, are implementing policies to decrease energy use within their operations and are funding programs within their jurisdictions. Numerous nonprofit organi ...
... to decrease their carbon footprint. Millions of philanthropic dollars have been targeted for climate work. Increasingly, governments, at all levels, are implementing policies to decrease energy use within their operations and are funding programs within their jurisdictions. Numerous nonprofit organi ...
Climate Change and Poverty—An Analytical Framework
... of the number of people falling into poverty every year (i.e., an increase from 12% to 13% per year) and a reduction by less than 10% of the number of households escaping poverty (i.e., a reduction from 14% to 13% per year) would reduce the pace of poverty reduction by 50%. As to the second questio ...
... of the number of people falling into poverty every year (i.e., an increase from 12% to 13% per year) and a reduction by less than 10% of the number of households escaping poverty (i.e., a reduction from 14% to 13% per year) would reduce the pace of poverty reduction by 50%. As to the second questio ...
full text (pdf)
... Protocol to the UNFCCC, adopted in 1997, sets binding targets for the sum of emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) weighted by the Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) of each gas using a 1 ...
... Protocol to the UNFCCC, adopted in 1997, sets binding targets for the sum of emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) weighted by the Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) of each gas using a 1 ...
GCF - The Basics
... with the approval of the National Designated Authority (NDA) or, alternatively, an in-country “focal point”. NDAs are typically housed in government ministries, while a focal point can be a single government official. The primary task of NDAs and focal points is to ensure that funding proposals are ...
... with the approval of the National Designated Authority (NDA) or, alternatively, an in-country “focal point”. NDAs are typically housed in government ministries, while a focal point can be a single government official. The primary task of NDAs and focal points is to ensure that funding proposals are ...
Climate Studies
... The master programme in Climate Studies combines the knowledge and expertise from three domains: Earth Sciences, Life Sciences and Social Sciences. The focus of the programme is on contemporary processes of land-atmosphere interactions. In the programme students specialize, extend and deepen their k ...
... The master programme in Climate Studies combines the knowledge and expertise from three domains: Earth Sciences, Life Sciences and Social Sciences. The focus of the programme is on contemporary processes of land-atmosphere interactions. In the programme students specialize, extend and deepen their k ...
4 Framework for ICTs` integration in cities climate change
... The effects of climate change will be felt by cities with varying degrees of intensity. Evidence from the field indicates that climatic changes such as variation in rainfall or temperature patterns and sea level rise are having an impact on development dimensions such as agricultural production, foo ...
... The effects of climate change will be felt by cities with varying degrees of intensity. Evidence from the field indicates that climatic changes such as variation in rainfall or temperature patterns and sea level rise are having an impact on development dimensions such as agricultural production, foo ...
Conference Proceedings, 2011 Low Impact Development
... In addition to the commonly known environmental and water quality advantages, considerable economic, infrastructure, and adaptation planning benefits are also being realized through the incorporation of Low Impact Development (LID) and green infrastructure (GI) for stormwater management. LID- and GI ...
... In addition to the commonly known environmental and water quality advantages, considerable economic, infrastructure, and adaptation planning benefits are also being realized through the incorporation of Low Impact Development (LID) and green infrastructure (GI) for stormwater management. LID- and GI ...
Draft Discussion Paper Ilaria Carrozza ESCAP/FfD/04/2015
... While climate change is a global phenomenon, some geographic regions are being affected to a greater extent than others. The Asia-Pacific is one such region, hosting the largest number of poor people in the world who are also the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. It is well known tha ...
... While climate change is a global phenomenon, some geographic regions are being affected to a greater extent than others. The Asia-Pacific is one such region, hosting the largest number of poor people in the world who are also the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. It is well known tha ...
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... Climate change is one of the major global policy issues and has been on the policy agenda for more than two decades. The consensus view nowadays predicts an average increase in global temperature of at least 4 degrees centigrade up to 6 degrees centigrade until the end of this century, if no measure ...
... Climate change is one of the major global policy issues and has been on the policy agenda for more than two decades. The consensus view nowadays predicts an average increase in global temperature of at least 4 degrees centigrade up to 6 degrees centigrade until the end of this century, if no measure ...
Climate Change and Ontario`s Provincial Parks: Towards an
... knowledge gaps remain in many areas. As such, the results presented in this study should be taken as indicative, not predictive, of the magnitude of impact climate change may have on Ontario’s provincial parks. A historical climate regime was completed for a representative sample of eight provincial ...
... knowledge gaps remain in many areas. As such, the results presented in this study should be taken as indicative, not predictive, of the magnitude of impact climate change may have on Ontario’s provincial parks. A historical climate regime was completed for a representative sample of eight provincial ...
Using the past to understand the future
... variation in the Earth’s mantle convection strength (and resulting sea-floor spreading rates). These refer to periods in which icesheets dominated the poles – the Icehouse, which we are currently in – and times when the poles were free from ice – the Greenhouse. These terms are not to be confused wi ...
... variation in the Earth’s mantle convection strength (and resulting sea-floor spreading rates). These refer to periods in which icesheets dominated the poles – the Icehouse, which we are currently in – and times when the poles were free from ice – the Greenhouse. These terms are not to be confused wi ...
Climate change during the last 150 million years: reconstruction
... been one of the warmest periods during the Phanerozoic: the average global temperature was probably >6ºC higher than that of today, there is no evidence of permanent and seasonal ice, forests and vertebrates occurred near both poles, and warm anoxic oceans may have promoted organic carbon burial (e. ...
... been one of the warmest periods during the Phanerozoic: the average global temperature was probably >6ºC higher than that of today, there is no evidence of permanent and seasonal ice, forests and vertebrates occurred near both poles, and warm anoxic oceans may have promoted organic carbon burial (e. ...
In Pursuit of a Sustainable World
... As we do not undertake any industrial activities, our environmental impact is largely from our facilities management and corporate travel. Heating and electricity accounts for approximately 75.8% of our CO2 emissions. Business travel contributes a further 16.5%. In total, our environmental footprint ...
... As we do not undertake any industrial activities, our environmental impact is largely from our facilities management and corporate travel. Heating and electricity accounts for approximately 75.8% of our CO2 emissions. Business travel contributes a further 16.5%. In total, our environmental footprint ...
Impacts of climate change on disadvantaged UK coastal communities
... manifestation (e.g. flooding) and there was a lack of understanding of the range of impacts and the potential consequences for these communities. Focus-group participants felt that the elderly would be the group most significantly affected by climate change impacts, yet local authority representativ ...
... manifestation (e.g. flooding) and there was a lack of understanding of the range of impacts and the potential consequences for these communities. Focus-group participants felt that the elderly would be the group most significantly affected by climate change impacts, yet local authority representativ ...
Namakwa District Municipality
... Figure 5: Remaining Natural Areas priorities for Protected Area Expansion (Government of South Africa, 2012) ............................................................................................................................................................................ 19 Figure 6: Biodi ...
... Figure 5: Remaining Natural Areas priorities for Protected Area Expansion (Government of South Africa, 2012) ............................................................................................................................................................................ 19 Figure 6: Biodi ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).