O 3 - University of Edinburgh
... – UK appears to benefit from emissions reductions in E. Europe • N. American emissions: 0 to +2 ppbv • Asian emissions: 0 to +2 ppbv – Other N. Hem emissions counteract European reductions • Global methane increase: +8 ppbv – Methane increases appear very important – these are mainly driven by devel ...
... – UK appears to benefit from emissions reductions in E. Europe • N. American emissions: 0 to +2 ppbv • Asian emissions: 0 to +2 ppbv – Other N. Hem emissions counteract European reductions • Global methane increase: +8 ppbv – Methane increases appear very important – these are mainly driven by devel ...
An Eclectic and Incomplete Bibliography on Climate Change and
... Change: Evidence, Impacts, and Choices: Set of 3 Booklets. Washington: National Academies Press. Henson, R., & American Meteorological Society,. (2014). The thinking person's guide to climate change. Boston, Massachusetts: American Meteorological Society. McKibben, B. (2012). The global warming read ...
... Change: Evidence, Impacts, and Choices: Set of 3 Booklets. Washington: National Academies Press. Henson, R., & American Meteorological Society,. (2014). The thinking person's guide to climate change. Boston, Massachusetts: American Meteorological Society. McKibben, B. (2012). The global warming read ...
WSCC Community Awareness Survey
... Overall then, there is felt to be strong first- hand evidence of local warming and second-hand evidence of global warming. But on the other hand, there is a counterfeeling that what looks like a long-term trend may in fact be a misreading of the “noisy” data. Everyone is well aware that British weat ...
... Overall then, there is felt to be strong first- hand evidence of local warming and second-hand evidence of global warming. But on the other hand, there is a counterfeeling that what looks like a long-term trend may in fact be a misreading of the “noisy” data. Everyone is well aware that British weat ...
Change and Geopolitics
... Global temperatures have been systematically collected since 1880. No year has been warmer than 2015 and the 15 warmest years (one exception, 1998) have occurred in first 16 years of the 21st century. In December 2015, world leaders gathered in Paris to negotiate an agreement to reduce global carbon ...
... Global temperatures have been systematically collected since 1880. No year has been warmer than 2015 and the 15 warmest years (one exception, 1998) have occurred in first 16 years of the 21st century. In December 2015, world leaders gathered in Paris to negotiate an agreement to reduce global carbon ...
Clean Energy and Climate Action
... prize–winning Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), if global temperatures rise more than 3˚–5˚F, up to 30 percent of plant and animal species could become extinct. Many projections suggest that the low end of that temperature range could be breached by mid-century.23 While we cannot avo ...
... prize–winning Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), if global temperatures rise more than 3˚–5˚F, up to 30 percent of plant and animal species could become extinct. Many projections suggest that the low end of that temperature range could be breached by mid-century.23 While we cannot avo ...
Submission-5-A-Key-letter - Coal Action Network Aotearoa
... research21 from 255 members and 11 Nobel laureates of the US National Academy of Sciences are that: the Earth is warming due to increased concentrations of heat-trapping gases in its atmosphere; most of the increase in the concentration of these gases over the last century is due to human activities ...
... research21 from 255 members and 11 Nobel laureates of the US National Academy of Sciences are that: the Earth is warming due to increased concentrations of heat-trapping gases in its atmosphere; most of the increase in the concentration of these gases over the last century is due to human activities ...
consider climate change and Adaptation
... Higher concentrations of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere, whether from natural or human causes, trap more heat near Earth’s surface, leading to global warming. Although Earth’s climate has been slowly warming for several thousand years, in the past two centuries greenhouse gas emissions from huma ...
... Higher concentrations of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere, whether from natural or human causes, trap more heat near Earth’s surface, leading to global warming. Although Earth’s climate has been slowly warming for several thousand years, in the past two centuries greenhouse gas emissions from huma ...
What is Human Dimensions Research? - arcus
... In system analysis the structure of the variables gives rise to the behavior of the system (Allison and Hobbs 2004). Understanding impacts on and feedbacks from the human dimension requires the integrated use of qualitative and quantitative datasets. For example analyses of linkages among the climat ...
... In system analysis the structure of the variables gives rise to the behavior of the system (Allison and Hobbs 2004). Understanding impacts on and feedbacks from the human dimension requires the integrated use of qualitative and quantitative datasets. For example analyses of linkages among the climat ...
... [9] and topography [27] in large parts due to computational limitations. Main sources of uncertainties in the impact of climate change on hydrology studies can be classified as GCM outputs, climate change scenarios (SRES), downscaling techniques, non-climate data and hydrology models. Jyrkama and Sy ...
Session 28 Tragedy of the Commons: The Arctic
... greenhouse gas emissions. Most of these emissions come from burning fossil fuels -- coal, oil, and natural gas -- for energy, from deforestation, and from the agricultural sector. They must be cut deeply in the coming decades if the world is to control the risks of dangerous climate The Protocol ent ...
... greenhouse gas emissions. Most of these emissions come from burning fossil fuels -- coal, oil, and natural gas -- for energy, from deforestation, and from the agricultural sector. They must be cut deeply in the coming decades if the world is to control the risks of dangerous climate The Protocol ent ...
Impacts of Climate Change on Tourism in the Mediterranean
... became the new focus of seasonal migrations from northern Europe by large numbers from all social classes in the summer months, in search of more certain sunshine than could be expected at home. Until very recently a holiday in the sun has been perceived by increasing numbers as vital to their well- ...
... became the new focus of seasonal migrations from northern Europe by large numbers from all social classes in the summer months, in search of more certain sunshine than could be expected at home. Until very recently a holiday in the sun has been perceived by increasing numbers as vital to their well- ...
160309_BIS_slides_final_for_websites (opens in new window)
... economic recovery and risks of long-term stagnation); eliminating poverty and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals; and securing the future of the planet. • Delivering on sustainable infrastructure is at the centre of all three challenges. More than 60% of carbon emissions emanate from invest ...
... economic recovery and risks of long-term stagnation); eliminating poverty and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals; and securing the future of the planet. • Delivering on sustainable infrastructure is at the centre of all three challenges. More than 60% of carbon emissions emanate from invest ...
Climate Change Attribution Using Empirical Decomposition of
... constrained. Each factor considered is uncertain both in terms of forcing and in terms of data, as documented by Scafetta [2009]. For example, while greenhouse gases such as CO2 and CH4 no doubt have a warming effect and sulfate aerosols produced by volcanoes or industrial emissions no doubt have a ...
... constrained. Each factor considered is uncertain both in terms of forcing and in terms of data, as documented by Scafetta [2009]. For example, while greenhouse gases such as CO2 and CH4 no doubt have a warming effect and sulfate aerosols produced by volcanoes or industrial emissions no doubt have a ...
MAV submission to Climate Change Adaptation Plan Directions Paper
... The Plan should also include a commitment from the State to work in partnership with local government to improve clarity around adaptation roles and responsibilities as well as funding arrangements. It is essential that roles and responsibilities align with organisations’ strengths, capacity and ca ...
... The Plan should also include a commitment from the State to work in partnership with local government to improve clarity around adaptation roles and responsibilities as well as funding arrangements. It is essential that roles and responsibilities align with organisations’ strengths, capacity and ca ...
DOCX - World bank documents
... areas not prone to them before, increasing the threats to lives as well as assets, particularly as settlements in floodplains and low lying coastal areas expand A large share of Mexico’s aquifers is already over-exploited. Rising prosperity and a growing population will stress them further, along wi ...
... areas not prone to them before, increasing the threats to lives as well as assets, particularly as settlements in floodplains and low lying coastal areas expand A large share of Mexico’s aquifers is already over-exploited. Rising prosperity and a growing population will stress them further, along wi ...
The Role of Water Vapour in Earth`s Energy Flows
... Observations and modelling indicate that column integrated water vapour, averaged over sufficiently large scales, increases approximately exponentially with atmospheric temperature (Raval and Ramanathan 1989) as predicted by (1). The absorption of infra-red radiation by water vapour increases approx ...
... Observations and modelling indicate that column integrated water vapour, averaged over sufficiently large scales, increases approximately exponentially with atmospheric temperature (Raval and Ramanathan 1989) as predicted by (1). The absorption of infra-red radiation by water vapour increases approx ...
Vegetation Responses to Rapid Climate Change at the Late
... Dust and Ca2+ - dust content: decrease by a factor of 5 or 7 within 40 yrs (plots are reversed) Na+: little change ...
... Dust and Ca2+ - dust content: decrease by a factor of 5 or 7 within 40 yrs (plots are reversed) Na+: little change ...
Accurate Answers to Professor Plimer`s 101 Climate Change
... Observed changes have already been attributed to human-induced climate change include: »» global temperatures have risen by 0.8 degrees Celsius during the past 100 years; »» sea levels are rising at a rate of 3.1 mm per yr; »» rainfall patterns are changing; »» the oceans are warming; »» there is mo ...
... Observed changes have already been attributed to human-induced climate change include: »» global temperatures have risen by 0.8 degrees Celsius during the past 100 years; »» sea levels are rising at a rate of 3.1 mm per yr; »» rainfall patterns are changing; »» the oceans are warming; »» there is mo ...
Impacts of Climate Change on Commercial Fishing in the
... The Northern North Sea responds to changes from the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) (Box 4). It is an important weather phenomenon for the northern hemisphere the effects of which are predominantly observed during the winter. Variations in the NAO index can mean changes in wind speed and direction ...
... The Northern North Sea responds to changes from the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) (Box 4). It is an important weather phenomenon for the northern hemisphere the effects of which are predominantly observed during the winter. Variations in the NAO index can mean changes in wind speed and direction ...
gcc policy
... Michelle Jansen received her PhD from Princeton in Meteorology in the early 1990s and has been a key player in the development of climate models used to conduct scenarios that predict future climate conditions given different assumptions about how successfully humans can control greenhouse gas emiss ...
... Michelle Jansen received her PhD from Princeton in Meteorology in the early 1990s and has been a key player in the development of climate models used to conduct scenarios that predict future climate conditions given different assumptions about how successfully humans can control greenhouse gas emiss ...
Climate Change and Global Warming Introduction.
... In turn, the earth radiates energy back into space; Some atmospheric gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse; These gases are therefore known as greenhouse gases; The greenhouse effect is the ...
... In turn, the earth radiates energy back into space; Some atmospheric gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse; These gases are therefore known as greenhouse gases; The greenhouse effect is the ...
Slide 1
... Integrated Assessment (IA) Models in Climate Change What are IA models? These are models that include the full range of cause and effect in climate change (“end to end” modeling). ...
... Integrated Assessment (IA) Models in Climate Change What are IA models? These are models that include the full range of cause and effect in climate change (“end to end” modeling). ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).