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executive summary - Global Environment Facility
executive summary - Global Environment Facility

... Share of Agriculture in GDP (%) Land Area used for agricultural ...
on the side
on the side

... Robert Corell, Arctic Climate Impact Assessment Process, presented the results of the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA), which show that the Arctic is warming more rapidly than any other part of the planet. He listed several consequences of Arctic warming, such as sea level rise, changes in th ...
Chapter 3 - akugakbutuheksis
Chapter 3 - akugakbutuheksis

... Recognizing the problem of potential global climate change, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1988. It is open to all members of the UN and WMO. ...
climate change: health impacts and opportunities
climate change: health impacts and opportunities

... of warming, including periods that have exhibited almost no linear trend in rising temperatures. They also explained how the widely reported recent reduction in was due to natural changes to the pattern of ocean circulation which transferred heat from the shallower to the deeper parts of the ocean a ...
Climate change and its gendered impacts on agriculture in Vietnam
Climate change and its gendered impacts on agriculture in Vietnam

... cause of climate change is the increase of Green House Gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere as a negative result of human activities such as burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) for energy. “According to research by international experts, Vietnam contributes modestly to GHG emissions that cause climat ...
3.2 Trends in water resources - IHE Delft Institute for Water Education
3.2 Trends in water resources - IHE Delft Institute for Water Education

... last few decades, mainly associated with increased use of such areas for agricultural purposes. Interviews conducted in the study areas revealed that wetlands have either shrunk in size or dried up completely as reported by about 38.2% of respondents. However, in seasons with above normal rains thes ...
Green Climate Fund - Philippine Movement for Climate Justice
Green Climate Fund - Philippine Movement for Climate Justice

... emphasis on fiscal standards. There was considerable controversy over attempts to remove a specific provision that would gauge recipients’ eligibility for funding according to their income-per-capita levels (i.e. lower income countries would be prioritised for finance), with medium developing countr ...
You are going to meet someone, they see you - Goan Voice
You are going to meet someone, they see you - Goan Voice

... He read Psychology for Bachelors degree from St. Xavier’s Mumbai, where he was also awarded the Student of Year. He read development studies for his Masters at the Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS). He was the Students Union President at TISS and was involved in several extra and co-curricul ...
GSAppt03 - Cloudfront.net
GSAppt03 - Cloudfront.net

... Over the last two decades the sciences at Dickinson College have reformed their curricula from a traditionally separated lecture and laboratory to an integrated active learning experience where by inductive reasoning students learn fundamental scientific principles and concepts. In Geology, we use t ...
JMA/MRI
JMA/MRI

... • ENSO is the major source of the predictability on seasonal to inter-annual time-scales at the present. ENSO prediction was much improved for the past a few decades, and can be extended up to 1-year lead or longer. • Probabilistic representation using initial ensembles is adapted for seasonal predi ...
Climate Change and the Cryosphere
Climate Change and the Cryosphere

... its demise, for the world’s billions of bulbs — only five per cent efficient at converting power into light — cause massive emissions of carbon dioxide. Of course, dealing with climate change requires governments to regulate on emission reduction targets and promote more sustainable forms of energy ...
AVOID Workstream One
AVOID Workstream One

... breaching of several tipping points in the earth system is likely. • This would raise temperatures above 4C since many act as feedbacks and are not included in climate models presently • Breaching range of several key tipping points may occur at 3C • 2016 scenarios effective at avoiding entering thi ...
The Impact of Climate Change on Natural Disasters
The Impact of Climate Change on Natural Disasters

... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released a special report on extreme events and disasters in 2012 (IPCC SREX). In this report, IPCC assessed the impact of climate change on extreme events and the consequences of these events for the society and the environment as well as the imp ...
Making your own Climate Story - Top Tips
Making your own Climate Story - Top Tips

... 4a. Editing Software When it comes to video editing software, one size does not fit all. There are many different choices for video editing applications. Whether you are a PC or Mac user, there's a software program that's right for you. Although there are many to choose from, here are our suggestion ...
An investigation into the impact of science communication and
An investigation into the impact of science communication and

... neutral group. No statistically significant difference was identified in CCSS score by level of strain and science communication, χ2(5)=2.727, p=0.742, with a mean rank score of 55.67 for the non-strained positive group, 58.73 for the non-strained negative group, 69.13 for the non-strained neutral g ...
Patterns of Natural Selection
Patterns of Natural Selection

... 2. ( 10-15 MINUTES) Pass out one whiteboard, markers and ONE Student Page: Natural Selection in the Face of Climate Change-Species Fact Sheets to each group. Instruct students to create a graph on their whiteboard showing the frequency of one trait of the species on their card that might be affecte ...
Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves
Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves

... Exposure to smoke from traditional cookstoves and open fires – the primary means of cooking and heating for nearly three billion people in the developing world – causes 1.9 million premature deaths annually, with women and young children the most affected. Reliance on biomass for cooking and heating ...
Baltadapt impact survey
Baltadapt impact survey

... society and environment in the Baltic Sea region. A number of different aspects of climate change are listed. Each of them is associated with an estimate of the uncertainty and also the time until significant climate change can be detected. The estimate of the uncertainty pertains to if there will b ...
Impacts of Climate Change
Impacts of Climate Change

... Climate change is a real and growing problem for the United States and for the world. As urgency around the issue continues to grow, so too does the scientific consensus that changes to Earth’s climate will enormously affect the planet’s future and the futures of all who inhabit it. Anthropogenic cl ...
3. IPCC`s evaluation of evidence and treatment of uncertainty
3. IPCC`s evaluation of evidence and treatment of uncertainty

... Group II Summary for Policymakers and the Technical Summary. The Summary for Policymakers presents quantitative information on the extent of agreement between different physical and biological trends and trends in temperature. Conclusions about observed impacts of climate on the natural and human en ...
terra nostra - Social Venture Partners
terra nostra - Social Venture Partners

PDF
PDF

... Agriculturally oriented studies focus on the explicit productivity impacts of changing climatic conditions on crops and their growing conditions, while economically oriented studies instead analyze agricultural market reactions to climate change based on simple crop response ...
the critical decade
the critical decade

... management changes and adaptive measures that people may take directly in response to climate change. ...
Drought assessment and trends analysis from 20th century
Drought assessment and trends analysis from 20th century

... projections over China are developed based on 7 CMIP5 climate models under RCP8.5 emissions scenarios by means of Bilinear Interpolation and Bias Correction. The results of downscaled CMIP5 models are evaluated over China by comparing the model outputs with the England Reanalysis CRU3.1 from 1951 to ...
IPCC. 2001. Tech Summary of Physical Science Basis
IPCC. 2001. Tech Summary of Physical Science Basis

... glacial and inter-glacial cycles. When radiative forcing changes, the climate system responds on various time-scales. The longest of these are due to the large heat capacity of the deep ocean and dynamic adjustment of the ice sheets. This means that the transient response to a change (either positiv ...
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Attribution of recent climate change



Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).
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