A Vast Machine - Paul N. Edwards
... awe from outer space, notions of a “global Earth” had begun to emerge in language, ideology, technology, and practice.5 How did “the world” become a system? What made it possible to see local forces as elements of a planetary order, and the planetary order as directly relevant to the tiny scale of o ...
... awe from outer space, notions of a “global Earth” had begun to emerge in language, ideology, technology, and practice.5 How did “the world” become a system? What made it possible to see local forces as elements of a planetary order, and the planetary order as directly relevant to the tiny scale of o ...
MARINE_ECO_ISAB_030209
... Scientific Goal: Quantify the relative current and possible future influences of arctic marine ecosystems on the global climate system. Hypotheses Enhanced DMS emissions from a more ice-free Arctic Ocean will increase cloud reflectivity of incoming solar radiation and counter the initial loss of sur ...
... Scientific Goal: Quantify the relative current and possible future influences of arctic marine ecosystems on the global climate system. Hypotheses Enhanced DMS emissions from a more ice-free Arctic Ocean will increase cloud reflectivity of incoming solar radiation and counter the initial loss of sur ...
ENSEMBLES Project Plan WP 6
... The primary objective of this WP is to integrate application models within a probabilistic ESM and within RCM systems. This integration links the human dimension to ESM and allows subsequent evaluation of the ENSEMBLES EPS. The two tasks of this WP are: Consultation on seasonal-to-decadal applicat ...
... The primary objective of this WP is to integrate application models within a probabilistic ESM and within RCM systems. This integration links the human dimension to ESM and allows subsequent evaluation of the ENSEMBLES EPS. The two tasks of this WP are: Consultation on seasonal-to-decadal applicat ...
Policy Instruments and Achievement of Global Greenhouse Gas
... The discussion of carbon dioxide limitations in the context of economic incentives has focused heavily on trading of allowances (also called credits or permits), or trading the right to emit pollutants. Under a system of this type, all counties would have limitations placed upon them, and they woul ...
... The discussion of carbon dioxide limitations in the context of economic incentives has focused heavily on trading of allowances (also called credits or permits), or trading the right to emit pollutants. Under a system of this type, all counties would have limitations placed upon them, and they woul ...
A comment on “Economy-wide estimates of the
... indirect health costs – losses of labor productivity, and health care expenditures – that are in the same direction as the direct costs (by region) but of a much smaller magnitude. The absolute value of these indirect cost impacts ranges from 0.014 to 0.101% of GDP, values that are well within the m ...
... indirect health costs – losses of labor productivity, and health care expenditures – that are in the same direction as the direct costs (by region) but of a much smaller magnitude. The absolute value of these indirect cost impacts ranges from 0.014 to 0.101% of GDP, values that are well within the m ...
INTERREG IIIB ASTRA PROJECT Report on Generation, Use and
... large scale predictors. These relationships can be based on a range of mathematical functions and fitting routines (cf. Wilby et al. 2002, for an overview and, for example, Fig. 2). Advantages of these methods are there computational efficiency, the possibility to apply them easily to several GCMs a ...
... large scale predictors. These relationships can be based on a range of mathematical functions and fitting routines (cf. Wilby et al. 2002, for an overview and, for example, Fig. 2). Advantages of these methods are there computational efficiency, the possibility to apply them easily to several GCMs a ...
Chapter 14 Tourism, leisure and sport
... because they tend to be less familiar with the places they are visiting. The environment, and not least the climate, is considered a resource to be exploited in many tourist areas. A clear majority of the natural disasters that threaten and hit tourist areas are, in one way or another, related to cl ...
... because they tend to be less familiar with the places they are visiting. The environment, and not least the climate, is considered a resource to be exploited in many tourist areas. A clear majority of the natural disasters that threaten and hit tourist areas are, in one way or another, related to cl ...
Sub-Theme 2
... by the scientists all over the world. To understand, how climate change will influence over the longterm the risk landscape that governments, businesses and citizens need to prepare for, it needs to be weighed against other major trends influencing our exposure to these hazards and threats and our c ...
... by the scientists all over the world. To understand, how climate change will influence over the longterm the risk landscape that governments, businesses and citizens need to prepare for, it needs to be weighed against other major trends influencing our exposure to these hazards and threats and our c ...
Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems
... (CO2 , CH4 , N2 O, tropospheric ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons) warm the planet’s surface globally, whereas shorter-lived aerosols can either warm or cool regionally. Direct radiative warming is amplified through a series of positive climate feedbacks (e.g., water vapor and sea ice); best estimates of ...
... (CO2 , CH4 , N2 O, tropospheric ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons) warm the planet’s surface globally, whereas shorter-lived aerosols can either warm or cool regionally. Direct radiative warming is amplified through a series of positive climate feedbacks (e.g., water vapor and sea ice); best estimates of ...
SCAR`s Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment (ACCE
... 25. Antarctic radiosonde temperature profiles show that the troposphere has warmed at 5 km above sea level, and that the stratosphere above it has cooled over the last 30 years. This pattern would be expected from increasing greenhouse gases. The tropospheric warming in winter is the largest on Eart ...
... 25. Antarctic radiosonde temperature profiles show that the troposphere has warmed at 5 km above sea level, and that the stratosphere above it has cooled over the last 30 years. This pattern would be expected from increasing greenhouse gases. The tropospheric warming in winter is the largest on Eart ...
Climate Change and the Arctic
... The rationale for this statement rests in scientific evidence that the melting sea ice and especially the glacier ice on Greenland’s icecap will eventually raise sea levels throughout the world; others are more cautious in their predictions. Although to date climate change has not had nearly the sam ...
... The rationale for this statement rests in scientific evidence that the melting sea ice and especially the glacier ice on Greenland’s icecap will eventually raise sea levels throughout the world; others are more cautious in their predictions. Although to date climate change has not had nearly the sam ...
Philosophy of Climate Science Part I: Observing
... sometimes also other variables such as those describing the state of glaciers and ice sheets (IPCC 2013). So the climate is not about the exact values of the surface air temperature, ocean temperature etc. at a certain point of time, but about the surface air temperature, ocean temperature etc. that ...
... sometimes also other variables such as those describing the state of glaciers and ice sheets (IPCC 2013). So the climate is not about the exact values of the surface air temperature, ocean temperature etc. at a certain point of time, but about the surface air temperature, ocean temperature etc. that ...
11. Tax and climate change
... trading is that applying taxes on any kind of international, let alone global, basis is not likely to be popular with sovereign states. Trading mechanisms can also create substantial flows of private money around the globe, which may be desirable if we see value in helping poorer countries to reduce ...
... trading is that applying taxes on any kind of international, let alone global, basis is not likely to be popular with sovereign states. Trading mechanisms can also create substantial flows of private money around the globe, which may be desirable if we see value in helping poorer countries to reduce ...
mb335e
... Crop productivity is projected to increase slightly at mid- to high latitudes for local mean temperature increases of up to 1 to 3 C depending on the crop, and then decrease beyond that in some regions (medium confidence). {WGII 5.4, SPM} At lower latitudes, especially in seasonally dry and tropical ...
... Crop productivity is projected to increase slightly at mid- to high latitudes for local mean temperature increases of up to 1 to 3 C depending on the crop, and then decrease beyond that in some regions (medium confidence). {WGII 5.4, SPM} At lower latitudes, especially in seasonally dry and tropical ...
PDF
... has focused traditionally on regulating the impacts of the volatility of biophysical systems on human welfare. What is new is the need to regulate the impact of human actions on large-scale biophysical systems. In other words, the vector connecting human systems to biophysical systems in Fig. 1 is g ...
... has focused traditionally on regulating the impacts of the volatility of biophysical systems on human welfare. What is new is the need to regulate the impact of human actions on large-scale biophysical systems. In other words, the vector connecting human systems to biophysical systems in Fig. 1 is g ...
14.2.2 Predictability in a Chaotic System
... Further work is required to improve the ability to detect, attribute, and understand climate change, to reduce uncertainties, and to project future climate changes. In particular, there is a need for additional systematic observations, modelling and process studies. A serious concern is the decline ...
... Further work is required to improve the ability to detect, attribute, and understand climate change, to reduce uncertainties, and to project future climate changes. In particular, there is a need for additional systematic observations, modelling and process studies. A serious concern is the decline ...
sea-level rise and its impact on miami-dade county
... of climate change, the dangers and significant disruptions that climate change imposes, and promising efforts and solutions. Through varied activities, events, and trainings, CLEO encourages combinations of structured, interactive, openended, and social learning opportunities. Florida Center for ...
... of climate change, the dangers and significant disruptions that climate change imposes, and promising efforts and solutions. Through varied activities, events, and trainings, CLEO encourages combinations of structured, interactive, openended, and social learning opportunities. Florida Center for ...
GSAppt03 - Cloudfront.net
... the problem, the methodologies used to obtain and synthesize the data, and a discussion of the data analysis. In this way the students receive practice in analytical writing. By the third or fourth exercise the students have become quite good at manipulating data in EXCEL and better at synthesizing ...
... the problem, the methodologies used to obtain and synthesize the data, and a discussion of the data analysis. In this way the students receive practice in analytical writing. By the third or fourth exercise the students have become quite good at manipulating data in EXCEL and better at synthesizing ...
Climate change and human health: Spatial modeling of water
... a long term mean field as FEWS NET Climatology (FCLIM). These observed trends are then used to project future climatic changes. While any climate projection is fraught with uncertainty, for short term (w20 year) projections, this approach may be the best available given the current state of climate s ...
... a long term mean field as FEWS NET Climatology (FCLIM). These observed trends are then used to project future climatic changes. While any climate projection is fraught with uncertainty, for short term (w20 year) projections, this approach may be the best available given the current state of climate s ...
Climate Change: An Indian Perspective
... emission efficient. Some of them have crossed per capita emission levels of some annex 1 countries, but there is no mechanism to make them restrain their GHG emissions. A1Cs insist that before they act some of the large NACs such as China, India, Brazil, Mexico and South Africa also accept some comm ...
... emission efficient. Some of them have crossed per capita emission levels of some annex 1 countries, but there is no mechanism to make them restrain their GHG emissions. A1Cs insist that before they act some of the large NACs such as China, India, Brazil, Mexico and South Africa also accept some comm ...
Key issues disproving global warming
... The IPCC refuses to acknowledge the results of direct chemical analyses; rather it prefers the KEELING-results, which yield a nearly constant atmospheric CO2-content of approximately 280 ppm for the last 3000 years. In contrast, BECK [10] collected and evaluated the results of about 90,000 direct ch ...
... The IPCC refuses to acknowledge the results of direct chemical analyses; rather it prefers the KEELING-results, which yield a nearly constant atmospheric CO2-content of approximately 280 ppm for the last 3000 years. In contrast, BECK [10] collected and evaluated the results of about 90,000 direct ch ...
Impacts of global warming on hydrological Introduction of multi-model ensembles and
... -Model bias of 2m air temperature (2mT) was deteriorated in larger domain. Spatial characteristics of the bias of 2mT in larger domain is similar to that in smaller domain. -Model bias of precipitation (P) was NOT significantly altered in larger domain. The bias of P in JJA was strongly influenced b ...
... -Model bias of 2m air temperature (2mT) was deteriorated in larger domain. Spatial characteristics of the bias of 2mT in larger domain is similar to that in smaller domain. -Model bias of precipitation (P) was NOT significantly altered in larger domain. The bias of P in JJA was strongly influenced b ...
Yes We Can Climate Plan - Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand
... Research from the University of Canterbury shows that 100 percent renewable electricity is feasible without compromising security of supply, even in a dry hydro year.16 There are over 3700MW worth of consented renewable power plants that are waiting to be built, and the Green Party’s Solar Homes17 a ...
... Research from the University of Canterbury shows that 100 percent renewable electricity is feasible without compromising security of supply, even in a dry hydro year.16 There are over 3700MW worth of consented renewable power plants that are waiting to be built, and the Green Party’s Solar Homes17 a ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.