Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106
... maximum organic carbon accumulation revealed a significant, 2-fold increase in daily organic carbon consumption with rising temperature (Fig. 3B; P ⫽ 0.025), ranging from 4.0 ⫾ 0.3 mol C䡠L⫺1䡠d⫺1 at in situ temperature to 8.1 ⫾ 0.2 mol C䡠L⫺1䡠d⫺1 at T⫹6. Most likely, this signal results both from en ...
... maximum organic carbon accumulation revealed a significant, 2-fold increase in daily organic carbon consumption with rising temperature (Fig. 3B; P ⫽ 0.025), ranging from 4.0 ⫾ 0.3 mol C䡠L⫺1䡠d⫺1 at in situ temperature to 8.1 ⫾ 0.2 mol C䡠L⫺1䡠d⫺1 at T⫹6. Most likely, this signal results both from en ...
The Relationship of Cloud Cover to Near
... the climate system. Among these are cloud cover variations, which significantly (and immediately) alter the heat balance of the earth’s climate system on an hourly time scale, but their effects are profound from seasonal through decadal timescales. Recent findings (Arking 1991; Henderson-Sellers 199 ...
... the climate system. Among these are cloud cover variations, which significantly (and immediately) alter the heat balance of the earth’s climate system on an hourly time scale, but their effects are profound from seasonal through decadal timescales. Recent findings (Arking 1991; Henderson-Sellers 199 ...
CO2 Greenhouse calcs - Digging in the Clay
... (only about 15% of World emissions), isolated in their continuing adherence to the Man-made Global Warming assertion. The remaining “Rest of the World” Nations, (~20% of world emissions and 40% of the world population), mainly consist of some 200 Underdeveloped or Developing Nations, who are not int ...
... (only about 15% of World emissions), isolated in their continuing adherence to the Man-made Global Warming assertion. The remaining “Rest of the World” Nations, (~20% of world emissions and 40% of the world population), mainly consist of some 200 Underdeveloped or Developing Nations, who are not int ...
adaptation to climate change: international policy options
... From its inception, the international climate effort has focused predominantly on mitigation—reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to prevent dangerous climate change. The next stage of the international effort must deal squarely with adaptation—coping with those impacts that cannot be avoided. Th ...
... From its inception, the international climate effort has focused predominantly on mitigation—reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to prevent dangerous climate change. The next stage of the international effort must deal squarely with adaptation—coping with those impacts that cannot be avoided. Th ...
Interacting Regional-Scale Regime Shifts for Biodiversity and
... important characteristic of tipping points is that they are very difficult to reverse, because feedback loops trap systems in alternative states or because it is difficult to alter the driving forces over policy-relevant timescales. Tipping point mechanisms that are particularly pertinent for this a ...
... important characteristic of tipping points is that they are very difficult to reverse, because feedback loops trap systems in alternative states or because it is difficult to alter the driving forces over policy-relevant timescales. Tipping point mechanisms that are particularly pertinent for this a ...
the Article
... The first three approaches build on classic conservation actions that already take place. As such, they readily help to amend and strengthen ongoing conservation efforts. Once implemented, these approaches may also buy valuable time to formulate plans addressing adaptation that anticipates long-term, ...
... The first three approaches build on classic conservation actions that already take place. As such, they readily help to amend and strengthen ongoing conservation efforts. Once implemented, these approaches may also buy valuable time to formulate plans addressing adaptation that anticipates long-term, ...
LOCAL INSTITUTIONS IN NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
... Initiative (AHI) have shown that rural communities in East Africa are highly inequitable and differentiated. The differentiation is mostly socio-cultural and economic, leading to unequal access to, and control over land and other resources between people of different economic and social groups. Most ...
... Initiative (AHI) have shown that rural communities in East Africa are highly inequitable and differentiated. The differentiation is mostly socio-cultural and economic, leading to unequal access to, and control over land and other resources between people of different economic and social groups. Most ...
A Credible Foundation for Long Term International
... large financial stake in seeing the policy continue, and all future users of fossil fuels would be motivated to lobby against it. Apart from satisfying the terms of an international agreement, the only incentive a government would have to keep the tax in place is the revenue it generates. However, ...
... large financial stake in seeing the policy continue, and all future users of fossil fuels would be motivated to lobby against it. Apart from satisfying the terms of an international agreement, the only incentive a government would have to keep the tax in place is the revenue it generates. However, ...
Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems
... (CO2 , CH4 , N2 O, tropospheric ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons) warm the planet’s surface globally, whereas shorter-lived aerosols can either warm or cool regionally. Direct radiative warming is amplified through a series of positive climate feedbacks (e.g., water vapor and sea ice); best estimates of ...
... (CO2 , CH4 , N2 O, tropospheric ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons) warm the planet’s surface globally, whereas shorter-lived aerosols can either warm or cool regionally. Direct radiative warming is amplified through a series of positive climate feedbacks (e.g., water vapor and sea ice); best estimates of ...
Opens external link in new window
... et al., 2011; URT, 2012). Agriculture is the mainstay of the country’s economy contributing to 25 percent of the GDP and employs 80 percent of the workforce. Only 23 percent of the arable land is currently put into use and the majority of the users are the smallholder farmers (85 percent) with an av ...
... et al., 2011; URT, 2012). Agriculture is the mainstay of the country’s economy contributing to 25 percent of the GDP and employs 80 percent of the workforce. Only 23 percent of the arable land is currently put into use and the majority of the users are the smallholder farmers (85 percent) with an av ...
Protected areas, climate change and disaster mitigation
... federal task force recommended replacing the policies of structural means for flood control with floodplain restoration and management20. This is not to claim that all artificial barriers, levees, dykes, soil stabilisation schemes and other disaster mitigation strategies based on civil engineering s ...
... federal task force recommended replacing the policies of structural means for flood control with floodplain restoration and management20. This is not to claim that all artificial barriers, levees, dykes, soil stabilisation schemes and other disaster mitigation strategies based on civil engineering s ...
- Wiley Online Library
... Moomaw and Papa (2012) argue that one of the primary reasons the climate negotiations have had limited success in the past is because climate change is viewed as a pollution problem, rather than recognizing that emissions are really the symptom of an underlying pattern of unsustainable development ( ...
... Moomaw and Papa (2012) argue that one of the primary reasons the climate negotiations have had limited success in the past is because climate change is viewed as a pollution problem, rather than recognizing that emissions are really the symptom of an underlying pattern of unsustainable development ( ...
Understanding and predicting the combined effects of climate
... declined faster than either terrestrial or marine biodiversity over the last three decades. 2. This is the first study to model the independent and combined effects of climate change and land-use change on freshwater macroinvertebrates and fish. Using a case study in southeast Queensland, Australia, ...
... declined faster than either terrestrial or marine biodiversity over the last three decades. 2. This is the first study to model the independent and combined effects of climate change and land-use change on freshwater macroinvertebrates and fish. Using a case study in southeast Queensland, Australia, ...
Innovation in the realm of institutional complexity
... and a third party has been engaged to write a report since there are disputes over who is responsible and who should pay the bill. The costs of these floods are enormous, and there is an ongoing public debate and questions being raised about the role and responsibilities of the different actors invo ...
... and a third party has been engaged to write a report since there are disputes over who is responsible and who should pay the bill. The costs of these floods are enormous, and there is an ongoing public debate and questions being raised about the role and responsibilities of the different actors invo ...
Unabated planetary warming and its ocean structure since 2006
... net radiation balance of the Earth. The deduced excess of downward over outgoing radiation8 driving global warming is too small to measure directly as radiative fluxes9 . About 93% of this net planetary energy increase is stored in the oceans1 , a result of the large heat capacity of sea water relat ...
... net radiation balance of the Earth. The deduced excess of downward over outgoing radiation8 driving global warming is too small to measure directly as radiative fluxes9 . About 93% of this net planetary energy increase is stored in the oceans1 , a result of the large heat capacity of sea water relat ...
Estimating Regions` Relative Vulnerability to Climate Damages in
... levels and more severe storms will increase the likelihood, extent, and intensity of regional droughts, floods, famine and disease. While some regions will adapt to extreme weather occurrences and longterm climate change, others will suffer serious damages, even in the face of the least severe clima ...
... levels and more severe storms will increase the likelihood, extent, and intensity of regional droughts, floods, famine and disease. While some regions will adapt to extreme weather occurrences and longterm climate change, others will suffer serious damages, even in the face of the least severe clima ...
Climate change increases the drought risk in Central European forests
... 3. Results and discussion 3.1. Future drought exposure of Central Europe The pattern emerging for the st������������������������������� udy region is a decreasing gradient of growing-season precipitation from the North-West to the South-East (Annex 1). While projected precipitation remains more or l ...
... 3. Results and discussion 3.1. Future drought exposure of Central Europe The pattern emerging for the st������������������������������� udy region is a decreasing gradient of growing-season precipitation from the North-West to the South-East (Annex 1). While projected precipitation remains more or l ...
national climate change policy
... highlighted and appropriate adaptation measures spelled out. These cover policy measures to address issues in various sectors such as water, agriculture, forestry, coastal areas, biodiversity and other vulnerable ecosystems. Notwithstanding the fact that Pakistan’s contribution to global greenhouse ...
... highlighted and appropriate adaptation measures spelled out. These cover policy measures to address issues in various sectors such as water, agriculture, forestry, coastal areas, biodiversity and other vulnerable ecosystems. Notwithstanding the fact that Pakistan’s contribution to global greenhouse ...
Effects of Climate Variability and Change on Household Food
... The overall objective of this study was to understand the impacts of climate variability and change on the food security of small-scale farmers in Yatta District, Kenya. Study participants, included 510 small-scale farmers were randomly sampled in all the 17 administrative locations while the distri ...
... The overall objective of this study was to understand the impacts of climate variability and change on the food security of small-scale farmers in Yatta District, Kenya. Study participants, included 510 small-scale farmers were randomly sampled in all the 17 administrative locations while the distri ...
NB Climate Change Hub | News Monitoring | April
... A temperature increase of two degrees above pre-industrial levels has been proposed as a useful target to prevent dangerous climate change. But curbs on carbon dioxide emissions will not result in cooling for around 1000 years or so. With that in mind a team from the US, India and Kenya has proposed ...
... A temperature increase of two degrees above pre-industrial levels has been proposed as a useful target to prevent dangerous climate change. But curbs on carbon dioxide emissions will not result in cooling for around 1000 years or so. With that in mind a team from the US, India and Kenya has proposed ...
Data Sources and Methods for the Greenhouse Gas Emissions
... Guidelines produced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for countries reporting to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) (unfccc.int/2860.php) provide various methods for calculating a GHG emission from a given human activity. The methods for estimati ...
... Guidelines produced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for countries reporting to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) (unfccc.int/2860.php) provide various methods for calculating a GHG emission from a given human activity. The methods for estimati ...
Expected MB Terrestrial Theme Outputs and Outcomes
... Collected information on adaptation initiatives in forestry and grassland; Further discussions with PT on planning and implementation of internal vulnerability and risk assessment for grasslands/ rangelands and forest ecosystems and mgmt. policies, & required case studies & other data collection /an ...
... Collected information on adaptation initiatives in forestry and grassland; Further discussions with PT on planning and implementation of internal vulnerability and risk assessment for grasslands/ rangelands and forest ecosystems and mgmt. policies, & required case studies & other data collection /an ...
The gains from trade
... anyway. It need not undertake emission reductions unless a foreign government or foreign corporation offers to pay it enough to persuade it voluntarily to do so. One anticipates that foreigners would indeed offer to pay Mexico enough to persuade it voluntarily to reduce emissions below its BAU paths ...
... anyway. It need not undertake emission reductions unless a foreign government or foreign corporation offers to pay it enough to persuade it voluntarily to do so. One anticipates that foreigners would indeed offer to pay Mexico enough to persuade it voluntarily to reduce emissions below its BAU paths ...
London, United Kingdom - Connecting Delta Cities
... London, Thames Water is the company managing water and sewage for the whole of London, although in some suburban areas water supply is covered by other companies. This management system has been criticised for its fragmentation (Green, 2010). Because of the particular water management responsibiliti ...
... London, Thames Water is the company managing water and sewage for the whole of London, although in some suburban areas water supply is covered by other companies. This management system has been criticised for its fragmentation (Green, 2010). Because of the particular water management responsibiliti ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.