IATA CO2 Calculator Guidelines
... aviation contributes around 2% of man-made carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, there is evidence to suggest that non-CO2 aircraft emissions at high altitude may have additional climate impacts. Research is ongoing to investigate the complex physical and chemical reactions that occur in the uppe ...
... aviation contributes around 2% of man-made carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, there is evidence to suggest that non-CO2 aircraft emissions at high altitude may have additional climate impacts. Research is ongoing to investigate the complex physical and chemical reactions that occur in the uppe ...
Arctic Climate System Study (ACSYS)/ Climate and Cryosphere
... Assimilation of remotely sensed snowpack data into the WATCLASS coupled land surface process hydrological model (Fassnacht) ...
... Assimilation of remotely sensed snowpack data into the WATCLASS coupled land surface process hydrological model (Fassnacht) ...
Development of a Methodology and a Tool for the Assessment of Vulnerability of Roadways to Flood Induced Damage
... System dynamics is an approach that helps develop a strategic view of a “system”, which could be an industry, society or a nation, by modelling the different parts and simulating the dynamics of interaction among the different parts. This helps to determine the changes over time, and hence develop a ...
... System dynamics is an approach that helps develop a strategic view of a “system”, which could be an industry, society or a nation, by modelling the different parts and simulating the dynamics of interaction among the different parts. This helps to determine the changes over time, and hence develop a ...
Development and Climate Change: A Strategic Framework for the
... The development challenge is to accelerate or maintain robust economic growth in poorer countries despite the asymmetric impacts of climate change. In addition to a higher burden of adaptation, these countries may also need to moderate their emissions trajectories within the constraints of much lowe ...
... The development challenge is to accelerate or maintain robust economic growth in poorer countries despite the asymmetric impacts of climate change. In addition to a higher burden of adaptation, these countries may also need to moderate their emissions trajectories within the constraints of much lowe ...
The integrated Earth system model version 1
... energy, water resources, or land use in a systematic fashion. Finally, it does not allow for an evaluation of how differences in human decision-making might affect either climate outcomes or the actual impacts of a changing physical climate system. However, the emerging observable impacts of climate ...
... energy, water resources, or land use in a systematic fashion. Finally, it does not allow for an evaluation of how differences in human decision-making might affect either climate outcomes or the actual impacts of a changing physical climate system. However, the emerging observable impacts of climate ...
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... However, new research suggests that the appropriate discount rate may not be that important in climate change policy, as it may be possible to reduce the burden for the present generation without increasing future climate damages. Pareto improvements are possible when a market failure exists, and th ...
... However, new research suggests that the appropriate discount rate may not be that important in climate change policy, as it may be possible to reduce the burden for the present generation without increasing future climate damages. Pareto improvements are possible when a market failure exists, and th ...
Financing Climate Chaos
... homes rely on energy sources that emit carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases. We’re taking millions of years’ worth of carbon, once stored beneath the earth as fossil fuels, and releasing it into the atmosphere. Right now we’re at 400 ppm, and we’re adding 2 ppm of carbon dioxide to the atmos ...
... homes rely on energy sources that emit carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases. We’re taking millions of years’ worth of carbon, once stored beneath the earth as fossil fuels, and releasing it into the atmosphere. Right now we’re at 400 ppm, and we’re adding 2 ppm of carbon dioxide to the atmos ...
A Summary of Climate Change Risks for London
... frequency of storms that exceed three different thresholds (>20mm in 3 hours; >30mm in 6 hours; >40mm for the total storm). A value of 1.0 in the table means no change and a value of 2.0 means that the frequency has doubled. The results indicate that the frequency of heavy rainfall events could doub ...
... frequency of storms that exceed three different thresholds (>20mm in 3 hours; >30mm in 6 hours; >40mm for the total storm). A value of 1.0 in the table means no change and a value of 2.0 means that the frequency has doubled. The results indicate that the frequency of heavy rainfall events could doub ...
Link between land-ocean warming contrast and surface relative
... structure of the multimodel-median amplification factor from the equator to approximately 40ı latitude north and south, although there is some underestimation in the southern subtropics (Figure 2). According to the theory, the local minimum near the equator is associated with high land surface relati ...
... structure of the multimodel-median amplification factor from the equator to approximately 40ı latitude north and south, although there is some underestimation in the southern subtropics (Figure 2). According to the theory, the local minimum near the equator is associated with high land surface relati ...
Climate change and water in the UK – past
... Along with flow, water temperature is one of the most important influences on ecosystem state in surface waters (Caissie, 2006; Webb et al., 2008). Water temperature exerts a direct control on the metabolisms and lifecycles of aquatic organisms and affects water quality, with most chemical and bacte ...
... Along with flow, water temperature is one of the most important influences on ecosystem state in surface waters (Caissie, 2006; Webb et al., 2008). Water temperature exerts a direct control on the metabolisms and lifecycles of aquatic organisms and affects water quality, with most chemical and bacte ...
first biennial report of the united states of america
... Key Pillars of The President’s Climate Action Plan On June 25, 2013, President Obama laid out a comprehensive plan to reduce GHG pollution, prepare the country for the impacts of climate change, and lead global efforts to fight climate change (EOP 2013a). The President’s Climate Action Plan, which c ...
... Key Pillars of The President’s Climate Action Plan On June 25, 2013, President Obama laid out a comprehensive plan to reduce GHG pollution, prepare the country for the impacts of climate change, and lead global efforts to fight climate change (EOP 2013a). The President’s Climate Action Plan, which c ...
Final Programme
... and its effects, to ensure public access to information, and to promote public participation in addressing communication issues. A serious problem observed today is the fact that because the phenomena of climate change is global in nature, many people do not believe it is related to them. Yet, most ...
... and its effects, to ensure public access to information, and to promote public participation in addressing communication issues. A serious problem observed today is the fact that because the phenomena of climate change is global in nature, many people do not believe it is related to them. Yet, most ...
Link between landocean warming contrast and surface relative
... control climate and the land relative humidity change contribute strongly to the warming contrast in the tropics, with a smaller contribution from the ocean relative humidity change that is also positive. Only the land relative humidity change is strongly linked to intermodel differences in the trop ...
... control climate and the land relative humidity change contribute strongly to the warming contrast in the tropics, with a smaller contribution from the ocean relative humidity change that is also positive. Only the land relative humidity change is strongly linked to intermodel differences in the trop ...
Current and Projected Climate Change Impacts for the Colorado
... carbon storage functions across dryland ecosystems using regression models. While species richness alone was found to have only small influence on ecosystem functionality, it was found to be a critical influence. Ecosystem functionality is likely also affected by other factors such as intensity of h ...
... carbon storage functions across dryland ecosystems using regression models. While species richness alone was found to have only small influence on ecosystem functionality, it was found to be a critical influence. Ecosystem functionality is likely also affected by other factors such as intensity of h ...
Atmospheric Research - Global Change System for Analysis
... climate, impacts and outcomes to describe the coping range. • Address adaptation to climate variability and extremes as part of reducing vulnerability to longer-term climate change. • Assess risk according to how far climate change, in conjunction with other drivers of change, may drive activities b ...
... climate, impacts and outcomes to describe the coping range. • Address adaptation to climate variability and extremes as part of reducing vulnerability to longer-term climate change. • Assess risk according to how far climate change, in conjunction with other drivers of change, may drive activities b ...
Health Aspects of Climate Change in Cities with Mediterranean
... Since the Mediterranean climate is determined by the interaction between mid-latitude and sub-tropical circulation regimes and a complex morphology of mountain chains and land–sea contrasts, the Med-regions are vulnerable to climatic changes [7,8]. In fact, the Mediterranean ecosystems are among the ...
... Since the Mediterranean climate is determined by the interaction between mid-latitude and sub-tropical circulation regimes and a complex morphology of mountain chains and land–sea contrasts, the Med-regions are vulnerable to climatic changes [7,8]. In fact, the Mediterranean ecosystems are among the ...
Confronting Climate Change in the US Midwest
... rom its rich farmlands and hardwood forests to its many riverside communities, Ohio has been strongly shaped by its climate. However, that climate is changing due to global warming, and unless we make deep and swift cuts in our heat-trapping emissions, the changes ahead could be dramatic. This repor ...
... rom its rich farmlands and hardwood forests to its many riverside communities, Ohio has been strongly shaped by its climate. However, that climate is changing due to global warming, and unless we make deep and swift cuts in our heat-trapping emissions, the changes ahead could be dramatic. This repor ...
Effects of climate change on European ducks: what do we know and
... sometimes show very clear peaks of mass emergence has lead to the belief that ducks time their breeding to such superabundance in food (e.g. chironomids in Danell & Sjöberg 1977). This could cause a mismatch if ducks were not able to track potential shifts in emergence dates following climate chang ...
... sometimes show very clear peaks of mass emergence has lead to the belief that ducks time their breeding to such superabundance in food (e.g. chironomids in Danell & Sjöberg 1977). This could cause a mismatch if ducks were not able to track potential shifts in emergence dates following climate chang ...
Indigenous Peoples and Climate Change
... tropical rainforests and reductions in rainfall in temperate ecosystems, to intensified threats to water and food security, increased coastal erosion and forced evictions of communities from their traditional territories. In many instances indigenous peoples are also affected by the solutions propos ...
... tropical rainforests and reductions in rainfall in temperate ecosystems, to intensified threats to water and food security, increased coastal erosion and forced evictions of communities from their traditional territories. In many instances indigenous peoples are also affected by the solutions propos ...
3). Outcome: Regional and community emergency
... 3.7 In this context, a robust disaster risk reduction mechanism against climate change-induced extreme weather events needs to be developed, especially as the frequency of such events is likely to increase in the future. This development is urgent because in the aftermath of the fiscal crisis the co ...
... 3.7 In this context, a robust disaster risk reduction mechanism against climate change-induced extreme weather events needs to be developed, especially as the frequency of such events is likely to increase in the future. This development is urgent because in the aftermath of the fiscal crisis the co ...
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... McKinsey [1998] has developed a model of Indian agriculture which treats the three components of the Green Revolution as endogenous responses to more basic investments in agricultural technology and infrastructure. We extend the Ricardian idea into McKinsey’s technology model, and incorporate expli ...
... McKinsey [1998] has developed a model of Indian agriculture which treats the three components of the Green Revolution as endogenous responses to more basic investments in agricultural technology and infrastructure. We extend the Ricardian idea into McKinsey’s technology model, and incorporate expli ...
UNDP Swaziland CO DRM project FINAL
... 3.7 In this context, a robust disaster risk reduction mechanism against climate change-induced extreme weather events needs to be developed, especially as the frequency of such events is likely to increase in the future. This development is urgent because in the aftermath of the fiscal crisis the co ...
... 3.7 In this context, a robust disaster risk reduction mechanism against climate change-induced extreme weather events needs to be developed, especially as the frequency of such events is likely to increase in the future. This development is urgent because in the aftermath of the fiscal crisis the co ...
Selected chapters: Observed climate changes in Croatia Climate
... Osijek, where attenuation of negative spring precipitation trend was observed, but still remaining statistically significant, as well as weakening of negative autumn precipitation trend and strengthening of positive summer trend. Negative spring precipitation trend weakened in the area of Hvar. Prec ...
... Osijek, where attenuation of negative spring precipitation trend was observed, but still remaining statistically significant, as well as weakening of negative autumn precipitation trend and strengthening of positive summer trend. Negative spring precipitation trend weakened in the area of Hvar. Prec ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.