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... the Himalaya with very high economic value, is unknown. Nor do we know the potential changes in suitable habitat of Chinese caterpillar fungus caused by future climate change. We used MaxEnt modeling to predict current distribution and changes in the future distributions of Chinese caterpillar fungu ...
... the Himalaya with very high economic value, is unknown. Nor do we know the potential changes in suitable habitat of Chinese caterpillar fungus caused by future climate change. We used MaxEnt modeling to predict current distribution and changes in the future distributions of Chinese caterpillar fungu ...
Climate-Smart Agriculture Sourcebook MODULE 14: Financing Climate-smart agriculture
... In 2009, FAO estimated that average annual investment flows amounting to US$ 209 billion would be needed to meet the projected growth in demand for agricultural products in 2050 in 93 developing countries (Schmidhuber et al., 2009). This estimate was derived under a set of assumptions about populati ...
... In 2009, FAO estimated that average annual investment flows amounting to US$ 209 billion would be needed to meet the projected growth in demand for agricultural products in 2050 in 93 developing countries (Schmidhuber et al., 2009). This estimate was derived under a set of assumptions about populati ...
A climate change report card for water Working Technical Paper 9
... policy makers that human-induced global climate change is now occurring. However, there is less certainty about the magnitude of future temperature changes and how these will drive precipitation, evaporation and hydrology at regional scales. Nonetheless, climate model scenarios provide the best avai ...
... policy makers that human-induced global climate change is now occurring. However, there is less certainty about the magnitude of future temperature changes and how these will drive precipitation, evaporation and hydrology at regional scales. Nonetheless, climate model scenarios provide the best avai ...
National Communication Change Climate
... frequency and intensity. Phenomena like El Niño, which recently led to huge losses in our country, are rendering the poverty of our population even more severe, and tackling this phenomenon has become a priority for Ecuador. The above, along with the risk of a severe deterioration of ecosystems and ...
... frequency and intensity. Phenomena like El Niño, which recently led to huge losses in our country, are rendering the poverty of our population even more severe, and tackling this phenomenon has become a priority for Ecuador. The above, along with the risk of a severe deterioration of ecosystems and ...
Extreme Weather Events
... forced to admit as much. Sea ice volume in the Arctic has indeed declined in recent years as a result of some change in climate. However, the statement is also grossly misleading, for it says nothing about the cause of the sea ice decline. The decline in Arctic sea ice could be caused by CO2-induced ...
... forced to admit as much. Sea ice volume in the Arctic has indeed declined in recent years as a result of some change in climate. However, the statement is also grossly misleading, for it says nothing about the cause of the sea ice decline. The decline in Arctic sea ice could be caused by CO2-induced ...
Climate of the Past
... conditioned radioactive waste (termed A, B and C) are defined by radiological and thermal power criteria. It is expected that Category A waste – low and intermediate level short-lived waste – will be disposed in a near-surface facility, whereas Category B and C wastes – high-level and other long-liv ...
... conditioned radioactive waste (termed A, B and C) are defined by radiological and thermal power criteria. It is expected that Category A waste – low and intermediate level short-lived waste – will be disposed in a near-surface facility, whereas Category B and C wastes – high-level and other long-liv ...
Republican and Democratic Views on Climate Change
... sorting over time, and they statistically validate the growing polarization visually portrayed in Figures 1–5. To strengthen the case for the existence of party sorting, it is important to demonstrate that these correlations between party affiliation and climate change beliefs hold up when statistic ...
... sorting over time, and they statistically validate the growing polarization visually portrayed in Figures 1–5. To strengthen the case for the existence of party sorting, it is important to demonstrate that these correlations between party affiliation and climate change beliefs hold up when statistic ...
corporate conquistadors - Corporate Europe Observatory
... risen to the major leagues of the global industry. Among oil and gas corporations, Repsol is now investing in future reserves at one of the highest rates in the world (its reserve replacement ratio1 in 2013 was 275% - the highest in the business2), including in some of the planet’s most vulnerable l ...
... risen to the major leagues of the global industry. Among oil and gas corporations, Repsol is now investing in future reserves at one of the highest rates in the world (its reserve replacement ratio1 in 2013 was 275% - the highest in the business2), including in some of the planet’s most vulnerable l ...
Forced Sahel rainfall trends in the CMIP5 archive.
... uncertainty in the projected radiative forcings. When the individual model trends are shown against the typical range of comparable trends in the pre-industrial controls (Figure 3), they confirm that positive and negative projections are both significant. Thus, as in CMIP3, we do not predict negligi ...
... uncertainty in the projected radiative forcings. When the individual model trends are shown against the typical range of comparable trends in the pre-industrial controls (Figure 3), they confirm that positive and negative projections are both significant. Thus, as in CMIP3, we do not predict negligi ...
IPCC Asia - Climate Change and Food Security
... Extreme weather events in Asia were reported to provide evidence of increases in the intensity or frequency on regional scales throughout the 20th century. The Third Assessment Report (TAR) predicted that the area-averaged annual mean warming would be about 3°C in the decade of the 2050s and about 5 ...
... Extreme weather events in Asia were reported to provide evidence of increases in the intensity or frequency on regional scales throughout the 20th century. The Third Assessment Report (TAR) predicted that the area-averaged annual mean warming would be about 3°C in the decade of the 2050s and about 5 ...
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... beneficial to irrigated farms. These impacts vary by region and increase in damages with a longer timeframe. Farms in Northwest and Northeast China are expected to be most adversely affected. Erda (1996) indicates that, with adaptation to climate change, the annual agricultural loss could be US$0.8 ...
... beneficial to irrigated farms. These impacts vary by region and increase in damages with a longer timeframe. Farms in Northwest and Northeast China are expected to be most adversely affected. Erda (1996) indicates that, with adaptation to climate change, the annual agricultural loss could be US$0.8 ...
WMO Statement on the State of the Global Climate in
... above the pre-industrial period, which is 0.06 °C above the previous record set in 2015. This increase in global temperature is consistent with other changes in the climate system. Globally averaged sea-surface temperatures were also the warmest on record; global sea levels continued to rise; and Ar ...
... above the pre-industrial period, which is 0.06 °C above the previous record set in 2015. This increase in global temperature is consistent with other changes in the climate system. Globally averaged sea-surface temperatures were also the warmest on record; global sea levels continued to rise; and Ar ...
ECOSYSTEM-BASED ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE: THE
... As a result, ecosystem-based adaptation can contribute in increasing resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change effects (A. Colls, 2009). First, it contributes to climate change mitigation, defined by the IPCC as an anthropogenic intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks o ...
... As a result, ecosystem-based adaptation can contribute in increasing resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change effects (A. Colls, 2009). First, it contributes to climate change mitigation, defined by the IPCC as an anthropogenic intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks o ...
The Recent Trend and Variance Increase of the
... squares fit, the parameter a is varied until a minimum is obtained in S i [ f r (v i ) 2 2 f (v i ) 2 ]. For determining the confidence levels, 78 degrees of freedom are used for each spectral estimate, where it has been assumed that there are approximately two degrees of freedom for each seasonal p ...
... squares fit, the parameter a is varied until a minimum is obtained in S i [ f r (v i ) 2 2 f (v i ) 2 ]. For determining the confidence levels, 78 degrees of freedom are used for each spectral estimate, where it has been assumed that there are approximately two degrees of freedom for each seasonal p ...
This paper offers a unifying conceptual framework for examining the
... has been on inequality across countries. Thus, debates have raged and are still raging over differences across countries regarding the climate change “burden” with respect to the responsibility for causing climate change and consequently with respect to the responsibility for mitigation (and adaptat ...
... has been on inequality across countries. Thus, debates have raged and are still raging over differences across countries regarding the climate change “burden” with respect to the responsibility for causing climate change and consequently with respect to the responsibility for mitigation (and adaptat ...
- Wiley Online Library
... climate,3 and macroeconomic conditions.(11–25) Most studies are conducted at the national level with survey questions focused on individual-level perceptions of the cause, occurrence, and impacts of climate change. While these studies have added greatly to our understanding of public attitudes towar ...
... climate,3 and macroeconomic conditions.(11–25) Most studies are conducted at the national level with survey questions focused on individual-level perceptions of the cause, occurrence, and impacts of climate change. While these studies have added greatly to our understanding of public attitudes towar ...
global carbon cycle - Globe Carbon Cycle
... In recent years CO2 has received much attention because its concentration in the atmosphere has risen to approximately 30% above natural background levels and will continue to rise into the near future. Scientists have shown that this increase is a result of human activities that have occurred over ...
... In recent years CO2 has received much attention because its concentration in the atmosphere has risen to approximately 30% above natural background levels and will continue to rise into the near future. Scientists have shown that this increase is a result of human activities that have occurred over ...
The Economics of Climate Change in Brazil: Costs and
... research in the range of R$1 billion per year. Irrigation was also considered as an adaptation alternative, but with benefit-cost ratios generally lower. Energy. Extra capacity to generate between 162 TWh (25% of the domestic supply of electric energy in 2008) and 153 TWh per year (31% of the domest ...
... research in the range of R$1 billion per year. Irrigation was also considered as an adaptation alternative, but with benefit-cost ratios generally lower. Energy. Extra capacity to generate between 162 TWh (25% of the domestic supply of electric energy in 2008) and 153 TWh per year (31% of the domest ...
Annotated draft outline of the 2016 EEA CCIV report
... CLIM001: Global and European temperature CLIM003: Heat extremes (indicator changed) CLIM002: Mean precipitation CLIM004: Heavy precipitation (indicator changed) CLIM0xx: Hail (new indicator) CLIM005: Wind storms CLIM010: Arctic and Baltic Sea ice CLIM009: Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets2 (indicat ...
... CLIM001: Global and European temperature CLIM003: Heat extremes (indicator changed) CLIM002: Mean precipitation CLIM004: Heavy precipitation (indicator changed) CLIM0xx: Hail (new indicator) CLIM005: Wind storms CLIM010: Arctic and Baltic Sea ice CLIM009: Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets2 (indicat ...
federal actions for a clean growth economy
... province. And, in the Arctic—where average temperature has increased at a rate of nearly three times the global average—ice cover is rapidly thinning, putting lives and traditions at risk. Indigenous Peoples and northern communities are particularly vulnerable and disproportionately affected. The im ...
... province. And, in the Arctic—where average temperature has increased at a rate of nearly three times the global average—ice cover is rapidly thinning, putting lives and traditions at risk. Indigenous Peoples and northern communities are particularly vulnerable and disproportionately affected. The im ...
Predicting persistence in a changing climate: flow direction and
... dispersing upstream vs downstream). Redistribution limited by flow Flow-driven inhibition of spread has been shown for species whose ranges are not in equilibrium with their climate space, including non-native species spreading beyond their point of introduction. An example is the Mediterranean muss ...
... dispersing upstream vs downstream). Redistribution limited by flow Flow-driven inhibition of spread has been shown for species whose ranges are not in equilibrium with their climate space, including non-native species spreading beyond their point of introduction. An example is the Mediterranean muss ...
View/Open
... people cope with the changing environments in which they are living. This requires adapting global and local food production methods through investments, technical capacity transfers and technological innovations, while also making existing agricultural production systems more resilient, sustainable ...
... people cope with the changing environments in which they are living. This requires adapting global and local food production methods through investments, technical capacity transfers and technological innovations, while also making existing agricultural production systems more resilient, sustainable ...
Climate Change and Hunger - Responding to the Challenge
... people cope with the changing environments in which they are living. This requires adapting global and local food production methods through investments, technical capacity transfers and technological innovations, while also making existing agricultural production systems more resilient, sustainable ...
... people cope with the changing environments in which they are living. This requires adapting global and local food production methods through investments, technical capacity transfers and technological innovations, while also making existing agricultural production systems more resilient, sustainable ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.