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... immediate, extensive action. Policymakers are thus confronted with a wide range of recommendations about how to address the risks posed by a changing climate—in particular, whether, how, and how much to limit emissions of greenhouse gases. (CBO 2005) The focus on uncertainty has taken on increased u ...
... immediate, extensive action. Policymakers are thus confronted with a wide range of recommendations about how to address the risks posed by a changing climate—in particular, whether, how, and how much to limit emissions of greenhouse gases. (CBO 2005) The focus on uncertainty has taken on increased u ...
Climate change adaptation guidelines for arid zone aquatic
... National climate change adaptation guidelines for arid zone aquatic ecosystems and freshwater biodiversity are proposed which emphasise the protection of habitats and processes that support the persistence of freshwater biota under a changing climate. These guidelines are intended to provide guidanc ...
... National climate change adaptation guidelines for arid zone aquatic ecosystems and freshwater biodiversity are proposed which emphasise the protection of habitats and processes that support the persistence of freshwater biota under a changing climate. These guidelines are intended to provide guidanc ...
Hybrid statistical–dynamic seasonal streamflow forecasting method
... atmospheric and oceanographic physics: information about current conditions (e.g., sea-surface temperature) is used to initialise the model, and the model estimates the future climate several months or years ahead. Global climate models are more complex and difficult to run but can potentially provi ...
... atmospheric and oceanographic physics: information about current conditions (e.g., sea-surface temperature) is used to initialise the model, and the model estimates the future climate several months or years ahead. Global climate models are more complex and difficult to run but can potentially provi ...
Sharing responsibility to divest from fossil fuels
... change, and indeed, many such agents have adopted environmentally minded policies; however, there are limitations to thinking about collective responsibility for climate change in terms of these types of agents. First, group agents that presently exist may be slow to act or resistant to address clim ...
... change, and indeed, many such agents have adopted environmentally minded policies; however, there are limitations to thinking about collective responsibility for climate change in terms of these types of agents. First, group agents that presently exist may be slow to act or resistant to address clim ...
Similar estimates of temperature impacts on global wheat
... cover geographical areas with similar conditions. In further contrast, statistical regressions based on global and country-level data have been used to quantify the impact of increasing temperatures on yields of wheat, maize, barley, soybean, sorghum and rice10,11 . An important difference from the ...
... cover geographical areas with similar conditions. In further contrast, statistical regressions based on global and country-level data have been used to quantify the impact of increasing temperatures on yields of wheat, maize, barley, soybean, sorghum and rice10,11 . An important difference from the ...
Permafrost_breakout
... Recommendation 1: Special IPCC report on permafrost emissions • IPCC special assessment report – Future permafrost degradation – Permafrost CO2 and methane emissions – Projections with permafrost carbon feedback ...
... Recommendation 1: Special IPCC report on permafrost emissions • IPCC special assessment report – Future permafrost degradation – Permafrost CO2 and methane emissions – Projections with permafrost carbon feedback ...
Lecture 24
... in the transfer of heat lie primarily in the infrared portion of the spectrum. • Unlike conduction and convection, which both require a medium to travel through, radiation can take place across a vacuum. • For example, the evacuated space in a thermos bottle. • The radiation is reduced to a minimum ...
... in the transfer of heat lie primarily in the infrared portion of the spectrum. • Unlike conduction and convection, which both require a medium to travel through, radiation can take place across a vacuum. • For example, the evacuated space in a thermos bottle. • The radiation is reduced to a minimum ...
Global action on climate change in agriculture: Linkages to food security, markets and trade policies in developing countries
... change adaptation and mitigation. The report offers some answers and concrete proposals – while recognizing that much more needs to be learned, more questions formulated, and more experience gained, to build an effective strategy to support global agricultural adaptation while harnessing its signifi ...
... change adaptation and mitigation. The report offers some answers and concrete proposals – while recognizing that much more needs to be learned, more questions formulated, and more experience gained, to build an effective strategy to support global agricultural adaptation while harnessing its signifi ...
Potential Effects of Climate Change on Crop Pollination
... Insect pollinators are valuable and limited resources (Delaplane and Mayer 2000). Currently, farmers manage only 11 of the 20 000 to 30 000 bee species worldwide (Parker et al. 1987), with the European honey bee (Apis mellifera) being by far the most important species. Depending on only a few pollin ...
... Insect pollinators are valuable and limited resources (Delaplane and Mayer 2000). Currently, farmers manage only 11 of the 20 000 to 30 000 bee species worldwide (Parker et al. 1987), with the European honey bee (Apis mellifera) being by far the most important species. Depending on only a few pollin ...
- AMQ
... mammals. Bergmann (1847) observed a latitudinal increase in animal body size and proposed a thermoregulatory explanation to the phenomenon. Climate/latitudeinduced size change is often connected to peculiar allometric responses. In 1877 Joel A. Allen gave the fundamentals of what was from then on kn ...
... mammals. Bergmann (1847) observed a latitudinal increase in animal body size and proposed a thermoregulatory explanation to the phenomenon. Climate/latitudeinduced size change is often connected to peculiar allometric responses. In 1877 Joel A. Allen gave the fundamentals of what was from then on kn ...
Draft Discussion Paper Ilaria Carrozza ESCAP/FfD/04/2015
... with a further 350 at risk of inland flooding.7 In the case of the Pacific Islands, several national capitals are under direct threat of total inundation rendering them uninhabitable. Further, each degree of warming is projected to decrease renewable water resources by at least 20 percent for an add ...
... with a further 350 at risk of inland flooding.7 In the case of the Pacific Islands, several national capitals are under direct threat of total inundation rendering them uninhabitable. Further, each degree of warming is projected to decrease renewable water resources by at least 20 percent for an add ...
Proceedings of Fifth International Conference on Climate Change
... might be implying that drought vulnerability is not gender biased. It is the unemployed, poor femaleheaded households in Chivi who were failing to adapt. Therefore it is important to note that though gender adaptation variations are peculiar in this District due to various socio-economic issues, the ...
... might be implying that drought vulnerability is not gender biased. It is the unemployed, poor femaleheaded households in Chivi who were failing to adapt. Therefore it is important to note that though gender adaptation variations are peculiar in this District due to various socio-economic issues, the ...
Executive Summary - Forest Watch
... this assessment would be significantly impacted under the scenarios of climate change presented by the models. The human health impacts - both direct (health effects of poor air quality) and indirect (warmer winters facilitating expansion of Lyme disease-carrying deer tick habitat) - of physical and ...
... this assessment would be significantly impacted under the scenarios of climate change presented by the models. The human health impacts - both direct (health effects of poor air quality) and indirect (warmer winters facilitating expansion of Lyme disease-carrying deer tick habitat) - of physical and ...
Understanding future risks to ports in Australia
... decades. This includes concern that climate change will pose increasing challenges to the continuing successful operation of Australia’s seaports. In response, this report documents the activity and findings of research that was carried out to better understand the future risks that ports need to pl ...
... decades. This includes concern that climate change will pose increasing challenges to the continuing successful operation of Australia’s seaports. In response, this report documents the activity and findings of research that was carried out to better understand the future risks that ports need to pl ...
Uncertainty in climate change projections: the role of internal
... climate signal than the response of any single model due to the reduction in uncertainty associated with model and internal variability (e.g., Tebaldi and Knutti 2007). However, this assumption has been difficult to verify in part due to the limited number of ensemble members for any given model and ...
... climate signal than the response of any single model due to the reduction in uncertainty associated with model and internal variability (e.g., Tebaldi and Knutti 2007). However, this assumption has been difficult to verify in part due to the limited number of ensemble members for any given model and ...
A Sensitivity Study of Radiative Fluxes at the Top of Atmosphere to
... microphysics and aerosol schemes in the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5). We adopted a quasiMonte Carlo (QMC) sampling approach to effectively explore the high-dimensional parameter space. The output response variables (e.g., FNET) are simulated using CAM5 for each parameter set, and then ...
... microphysics and aerosol schemes in the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5). We adopted a quasiMonte Carlo (QMC) sampling approach to effectively explore the high-dimensional parameter space. The output response variables (e.g., FNET) are simulated using CAM5 for each parameter set, and then ...
How does CDP & the Climate Disclosure Standards Board drive change?
... “We are a group of companies and investors sharing a concern that financial markets do not yet take sufficient account of climate-related corporate performance, risks and opportunities relevant to future shareholder value because of a lack of comprehensive and comparable information in “mainstream” ...
... “We are a group of companies and investors sharing a concern that financial markets do not yet take sufficient account of climate-related corporate performance, risks and opportunities relevant to future shareholder value because of a lack of comprehensive and comparable information in “mainstream” ...
Climate Change Effects on Forest and Alpine (and Western Prairie
... Disturbances (e.g., droughts, insect outbreaks, grazing, and fire) are part of the ecological history of most ecosystems and influence ecological communities and landscapes.25 Both human-induced and natural disturbances shape ecosystems by influencing species composition, structure, and function (e. ...
... Disturbances (e.g., droughts, insect outbreaks, grazing, and fire) are part of the ecological history of most ecosystems and influence ecological communities and landscapes.25 Both human-induced and natural disturbances shape ecosystems by influencing species composition, structure, and function (e. ...
2.1 Causes of Vulnerability Associated with Climate Change
... The February 2007 report of the Working Group I of the International Panel on Climate Change, titled “The Physical Science Basis for Climate Change”, identifies numerous long-term changes in climate. This includes changes in Arctic temperatures and ice, widespread changes in precipitation amounts, o ...
... The February 2007 report of the Working Group I of the International Panel on Climate Change, titled “The Physical Science Basis for Climate Change”, identifies numerous long-term changes in climate. This includes changes in Arctic temperatures and ice, widespread changes in precipitation amounts, o ...
DRAFT Climate Change TM
... of the California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA) to establish the Climate Action Team (CAT) for State agencies to coordinate oversight of efforts to meet these targets. As laid out in the EO, the CAT submits biannual reports to the governor and State legislature describing progress made to ...
... of the California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA) to establish the Climate Action Team (CAT) for State agencies to coordinate oversight of efforts to meet these targets. As laid out in the EO, the CAT submits biannual reports to the governor and State legislature describing progress made to ...
Climate Change, Political Truth, and the Marketplace of Ideas
... bias and framing issues in the polity. The public at large will ordinarily resist scientific theories that hold socially accepted patterns of individual consumption responsible for devastating negative impacts on the global ecosystem, especially where there is a lack of direct personal experience wi ...
... bias and framing issues in the polity. The public at large will ordinarily resist scientific theories that hold socially accepted patterns of individual consumption responsible for devastating negative impacts on the global ecosystem, especially where there is a lack of direct personal experience wi ...
Regional climate model applications on subregional scales over the
... model integrations were carried out from 1979 to 1991, to capture a range of global and regional climatological features, such as strong ENSO-monsoon cycles of 1982–83 and 1987–88. We allowed a spin-up of one year for the four-layer soil model to reach an equilibrium state with the atmosphere, and t ...
... model integrations were carried out from 1979 to 1991, to capture a range of global and regional climatological features, such as strong ENSO-monsoon cycles of 1982–83 and 1987–88. We allowed a spin-up of one year for the four-layer soil model to reach an equilibrium state with the atmosphere, and t ...
Table of Content
... Tanzania has prepared a NAPA to address short-term needs. The NAPA includes a good description of the main problems, a set of key priorities and selected project briefs. Water and agriculture are the main priority areas. Currently only limited funding for the plan has been achieved. However, as clea ...
... Tanzania has prepared a NAPA to address short-term needs. The NAPA includes a good description of the main problems, a set of key priorities and selected project briefs. Water and agriculture are the main priority areas. Currently only limited funding for the plan has been achieved. However, as clea ...
Climate Action Plan - Walking Mountains Science Center
... 2014). Local, regional, and state efforts have become the cornerstone of climate action because national and international energy policy and emissions reduction efforts are slowed and often stifled by policy, politics, and bureaucratic processes. Furthermore, local governments and communities are of ...
... 2014). Local, regional, and state efforts have become the cornerstone of climate action because national and international energy policy and emissions reduction efforts are slowed and often stifled by policy, politics, and bureaucratic processes. Furthermore, local governments and communities are of ...
Climate modulation of the Tibetan Plateau on haze in China
... 2015). Accompanied by an unceasing increase in the Chinese pollutant emissions in recent decades, the CEC region has observed significant interannual variations of haze occurrences (Ding and Liu, 2014). The changing east Asian monsoon climate could also play an important role in the variations of ha ...
... 2015). Accompanied by an unceasing increase in the Chinese pollutant emissions in recent decades, the CEC region has observed significant interannual variations of haze occurrences (Ding and Liu, 2014). The changing east Asian monsoon climate could also play an important role in the variations of ha ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.