CO2 as a primary driver of Phanerozoic climate: COMMENT
... Royer et al. (2004) citing the standard references from the IPCC (2001) volume assert that CO2 is the principal climate driver on modern as well as geological time scales. Although some of these cited publications (e.g., Mann et al., 1998) were questioned recently (Soon and Baliunas, 2003; McIntire ...
... Royer et al. (2004) citing the standard references from the IPCC (2001) volume assert that CO2 is the principal climate driver on modern as well as geological time scales. Although some of these cited publications (e.g., Mann et al., 1998) were questioned recently (Soon and Baliunas, 2003; McIntire ...
Implications for US National Security of Anticipated Climate Change
... economic conditions, or where other risk factors for political strife are already present will be the most vulnerable to climate-linked instability. In the most dramatic cases, state authority may collapse partially or entirely. Climate-related instability is likely to create strong pressure for for ...
... economic conditions, or where other risk factors for political strife are already present will be the most vulnerable to climate-linked instability. In the most dramatic cases, state authority may collapse partially or entirely. Climate-related instability is likely to create strong pressure for for ...
- adaptation
... City of Windhoek focus on promoting a strong inter active relationship between the community and its stakeholders. Community involvement is based on a system of enablement. Communities take part is both formal and informal meetings ( consultation) and community surveys. The sector promotes volunte ...
... City of Windhoek focus on promoting a strong inter active relationship between the community and its stakeholders. Community involvement is based on a system of enablement. Communities take part is both formal and informal meetings ( consultation) and community surveys. The sector promotes volunte ...
Carrie_Kissman_
... entire state as well as at smaller, regional scales. The U.S. Historical Climatology Network (USHCN) has collected temperature and precipitation data at 26 weather stations throughout Ohio since 1895 (Figure 2). The number of USHCN weather stations is limited as USHCN stations are required to have a ...
... entire state as well as at smaller, regional scales. The U.S. Historical Climatology Network (USHCN) has collected temperature and precipitation data at 26 weather stations throughout Ohio since 1895 (Figure 2). The number of USHCN weather stations is limited as USHCN stations are required to have a ...
Read the winning essay - UK Environmental Law Association
... Temperature Estimates?', 9 November 2015. available at: http://www.wri.org/blog/2015/11/insider-why-are-indcstudies-reaching-different-temperature-estimates ...
... Temperature Estimates?', 9 November 2015. available at: http://www.wri.org/blog/2015/11/insider-why-are-indcstudies-reaching-different-temperature-estimates ...
Mauritius
... among others, intense cyclones, abnormal tidal surges, prolonged droughts, flash floods and increase of sea surface temperature. As most SIDS, Mauritius has limited natural resources, which are under constant pressure and strain to satisfy the increasing socio-economic development needs. There is se ...
... among others, intense cyclones, abnormal tidal surges, prolonged droughts, flash floods and increase of sea surface temperature. As most SIDS, Mauritius has limited natural resources, which are under constant pressure and strain to satisfy the increasing socio-economic development needs. There is se ...
The Evidence of Climate Change
... • Studies predict that SS Africa will be particularly hard hit by global climatic changes due to three main reasons • First, because it already experiences high temperatures and low (and highly variable) precipitation particularly in the arid areas • Second, because the economies are highly dependen ...
... • Studies predict that SS Africa will be particularly hard hit by global climatic changes due to three main reasons • First, because it already experiences high temperatures and low (and highly variable) precipitation particularly in the arid areas • Second, because the economies are highly dependen ...
Climate Change
... people live in extreme poverty and earn less than US$1 per day, while 500 million earn less than US$2 a day. It is these groups according to them who are most adversely affected by the above mentioned climate variability as they rely heavily on climate sensitive sectors (rainfed agriculture, fisher ...
... people live in extreme poverty and earn less than US$1 per day, while 500 million earn less than US$2 a day. It is these groups according to them who are most adversely affected by the above mentioned climate variability as they rely heavily on climate sensitive sectors (rainfed agriculture, fisher ...
- Minnesota Urban Debate League
... infrastructure spending, in one form or another, is the key to growth and job creation — and, in the president’s defense, he certainly isn’t the only one who refers to stimulus and government spending as “investing” in infrastructure. No one disputes that American public works need improving, and ec ...
... infrastructure spending, in one form or another, is the key to growth and job creation — and, in the president’s defense, he certainly isn’t the only one who refers to stimulus and government spending as “investing” in infrastructure. No one disputes that American public works need improving, and ec ...
We Can Reduce the Threat of Climate Change (2)
... and Climate Change in the Future? Concept 19-1 The overwhelming scientific consensus is that the earth’s atmosphere is warming rapidly, mostly because of human activities, and that this will lead to significant climate change during this century. ...
... and Climate Change in the Future? Concept 19-1 The overwhelming scientific consensus is that the earth’s atmosphere is warming rapidly, mostly because of human activities, and that this will lead to significant climate change during this century. ...
the target set in the Climate Change Act to reduce UK annual emissions by 80 per cent by 2050
... emissions to the UK level (e.g. bunker fuels), these differ from the methodology that has been proposed for entry of aviation into EU ETS. We do not believe that the EU ETS methodology is an appropriate basis for inclusion of international aviation in UK budgets but we are also concerned that if int ...
... emissions to the UK level (e.g. bunker fuels), these differ from the methodology that has been proposed for entry of aviation into EU ETS. We do not believe that the EU ETS methodology is an appropriate basis for inclusion of international aviation in UK budgets but we are also concerned that if int ...
Geology - Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit
... common feature of the climate system (Brauer et al., 2008; Steffensen et al., 2008; Blockley et al., 2012). However, dating uncertainties for sediment archives of past environmental change are typically multi-centennial in scale. Therefore, it is still largely unknown if such shifts occurred synchro ...
... common feature of the climate system (Brauer et al., 2008; Steffensen et al., 2008; Blockley et al., 2012). However, dating uncertainties for sediment archives of past environmental change are typically multi-centennial in scale. Therefore, it is still largely unknown if such shifts occurred synchro ...
Trends in American Public Opinion on Global Warming Policies Between... Jon A. Krosnick Bo MacInnis Stanford University
... majorities did not change notably up until 2010 (http://woods.stanford.edu/research/ surveys.html). At the same time, our surveys have documented changes in the distributions of a variety of what we call “fundamental beliefs about global warming” since 2007. Specifically, although huge majorities of ...
... majorities did not change notably up until 2010 (http://woods.stanford.edu/research/ surveys.html). At the same time, our surveys have documented changes in the distributions of a variety of what we call “fundamental beliefs about global warming” since 2007. Specifically, although huge majorities of ...
climate change?
... Natural events such as volcanic eruptions release huge amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases are gases that absorb energy from the Sun. Greenhouse gases include CO2, methane, and ozone. These gases have the same effect on Earth as glass does in a greenhouse. The Sun’s ene ...
... Natural events such as volcanic eruptions release huge amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases are gases that absorb energy from the Sun. Greenhouse gases include CO2, methane, and ozone. These gases have the same effect on Earth as glass does in a greenhouse. The Sun’s ene ...
2011 UN Habitat Day Notes with final additions
... He addressed the current pressures on the climate resulting from water use, hazardous gas emissions and other anthropogenic factors. He called on the public sector, civil society and private sector to work together. He pointed out that the developing countries are the most vulnerable to climate chan ...
... He addressed the current pressures on the climate resulting from water use, hazardous gas emissions and other anthropogenic factors. He called on the public sector, civil society and private sector to work together. He pointed out that the developing countries are the most vulnerable to climate chan ...
PDF
... markets. In general, demand for agricultural products is inelastic. Conversely, the elasticity of equilibrium prices with respect to exogenous shifts in aggregate supply is typically greater than 1. That is, a reduction in global agricultural output caused by an exogenous shock such as climate chang ...
... markets. In general, demand for agricultural products is inelastic. Conversely, the elasticity of equilibrium prices with respect to exogenous shifts in aggregate supply is typically greater than 1. That is, a reduction in global agricultural output caused by an exogenous shock such as climate chang ...
A comprehensive approach for reducing anthropogenic climate
... in the Northern Hemisphere.20 Sea-level rise and increased storm surges threaten vulnerable ecosystems and peoples, with sea level rise projections now up to 1.6 meters by end of the century, more than double the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4) scenarios ...
... in the Northern Hemisphere.20 Sea-level rise and increased storm surges threaten vulnerable ecosystems and peoples, with sea level rise projections now up to 1.6 meters by end of the century, more than double the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4) scenarios ...
vip_measures_review_.. - The VIP Research Lab.
... • With virtually no exceptions all ecosystem research has at some point used time series data from AVHRR, MODIS, SeaWiFS, and/or other sensors. • In most cases a single data source was used (AVHRR only, MODIS only, etc...) • Limiting the value and validity of our work and findings • Dealing with cli ...
... • With virtually no exceptions all ecosystem research has at some point used time series data from AVHRR, MODIS, SeaWiFS, and/or other sensors. • In most cases a single data source was used (AVHRR only, MODIS only, etc...) • Limiting the value and validity of our work and findings • Dealing with cli ...
CCDRR03: Identify the main causes of climatic change and its
... Incoming energy from the sun is also known as incoming solar radiation. It consists of all wavelengths of solar energy, both short-wave and long wave. This type of radiation consists of both light and heat. Outgoing energy from the earth is also known as outgoing heat radiation. It consists of long- ...
... Incoming energy from the sun is also known as incoming solar radiation. It consists of all wavelengths of solar energy, both short-wave and long wave. This type of radiation consists of both light and heat. Outgoing energy from the earth is also known as outgoing heat radiation. It consists of long- ...
Project Overview - The VIP Research Lab.
... • With virtually no exceptions all ecosystem research has at some point used time series data from AVHRR, MODIS, SeaWiFS, and/or other sensors. • In most cases a single data source was used (AVHRR only, MODIS only, etc...) • Limiting the value and validity of our work and findings • Dealing with cli ...
... • With virtually no exceptions all ecosystem research has at some point used time series data from AVHRR, MODIS, SeaWiFS, and/or other sensors. • In most cases a single data source was used (AVHRR only, MODIS only, etc...) • Limiting the value and validity of our work and findings • Dealing with cli ...
Earth Systems Science
... evidence-based scientific explanation that 2. How is climate influenced by changes in Earth’s energy balance? shows climate is a result of energy 3. How have climates changed over Earth’s history? transfer among the atmosphere, 4. How does climate change impact all of Earth’s systems? hydrosphere, g ...
... evidence-based scientific explanation that 2. How is climate influenced by changes in Earth’s energy balance? shows climate is a result of energy 3. How have climates changed over Earth’s history? transfer among the atmosphere, 4. How does climate change impact all of Earth’s systems? hydrosphere, g ...
Research Project Final Report
... Each section is fully referenced with a total citation of 123 papers and reports (including the pre-identified material see Appendix 1 for full citation list included here as demonstration of our approach). In support of the QSR Chapter 3.1 this section of the assessment closes with two summary tabl ...
... Each section is fully referenced with a total citation of 123 papers and reports (including the pre-identified material see Appendix 1 for full citation list included here as demonstration of our approach). In support of the QSR Chapter 3.1 this section of the assessment closes with two summary tabl ...
Catalyzing Frontiers in Water-Climate-Society Research s
... reviewers of interdisciplinary proposals, as well as journal editors who must find reviewers who are knowledgeable in various disciplines. Increasingly, interdisciplinary proposals and journal submissions are reviewed by people who are likely very competent in their respective fields, but perhaps do ...
... reviewers of interdisciplinary proposals, as well as journal editors who must find reviewers who are knowledgeable in various disciplines. Increasingly, interdisciplinary proposals and journal submissions are reviewed by people who are likely very competent in their respective fields, but perhaps do ...
Climatic Research Unit documents
Climatic Research Unit documents including thousands of e-mails and other computer files were stolen from a server at the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia in a hacking incident in November 2009. The documents were redistributed first through the blogosphere of global warming skeptics, and allegations were made that they indicated misconduct by leading climate scientists. A series of investigations rejected these allegations, while concluding that CRU scientists should have been more open with distributing data and methods on request. Precisely six committees investigated the allegations and published reports, finding no evidence of fraud or scientific misconduct. The scientific consensus that global warming is occurring as a result of human activity remained unchanged by the end of the investigations.The incident occurred shortly before the opening December 2009 Copenhagen global climate summit. It has prompted general discussion about increasing the openness of scientific data (though the majority of climate data have always been freely available). Scientists, scientific organisations, and government officials have stated that the incident does not affect the overall scientific case for climate change. Andrew Revkin reported in the New York Times that ""The evidence pointing to a growing human contribution to global warming is so widely accepted that the hacked material is unlikely to erode the overall argument.""