Austrian Assessment Report Climate Change 2014 (AAR14)
... Without extensive additional measures to reduce emissions a global average surface temperature rise of 3–5 °C by 2100 compared to the first decade of the 20th century (see Figure 1) is to be expected. Self-reinforcing processes (positive feedback loops), such as the ice-albedo feedback1 or additiona ...
... Without extensive additional measures to reduce emissions a global average surface temperature rise of 3–5 °C by 2100 compared to the first decade of the 20th century (see Figure 1) is to be expected. Self-reinforcing processes (positive feedback loops), such as the ice-albedo feedback1 or additiona ...
Uncertainty Analysis of Climate Change Effects on Runoff for the
... Conclusions While runoff is projected to increase due to climate change for much of the Pacific Northwest, the magnitude of that change is uncertain due to a number of factors. The built-in assumptions for the emissions scenario are already low in the 21st century, so realistic scenarios are above t ...
... Conclusions While runoff is projected to increase due to climate change for much of the Pacific Northwest, the magnitude of that change is uncertain due to a number of factors. The built-in assumptions for the emissions scenario are already low in the 21st century, so realistic scenarios are above t ...
Recasting Economics As If the Climate and Global Ecology Really
... beyond the minds of women and men, physics exists whether or not there are people to believe in its laws. The ‘laws’ of neo-liberal economics, based on the continued exploitation and use of natural resources and fossil energy, are being increasingly challenged by the physical laws of thermodynamics ...
... beyond the minds of women and men, physics exists whether or not there are people to believe in its laws. The ‘laws’ of neo-liberal economics, based on the continued exploitation and use of natural resources and fossil energy, are being increasingly challenged by the physical laws of thermodynamics ...
Climate change, community wellbeing and social justice
... expected to disappear by 2040 at the latest – will remove the main source of water for approximately 1.3 billion people in the region. 6 . The human impact: Australia and Victoria Grant provided us with a range number of CSIRO statistics about the likely impact of climate change on Australia. (Even ...
... expected to disappear by 2040 at the latest – will remove the main source of water for approximately 1.3 billion people in the region. 6 . The human impact: Australia and Victoria Grant provided us with a range number of CSIRO statistics about the likely impact of climate change on Australia. (Even ...
AOSS_480_L19_Policy_Law_20080318
... • That taking action on cars would have no real effect because of other sources of CO2, including China. • That there was a political history that precluded EPA from acting. ...
... • That taking action on cars would have no real effect because of other sources of CO2, including China. • That there was a political history that precluded EPA from acting. ...
Climate Change and Global Warming
... discrimination, but the legacy of racial inequality has yet to be erased. From ensuring the rights of Native Americans to fighting for the rights of gays and lesbians to marry, the struggle for civil rights in the twentieth-first century has grown to include a more diverse America and a greater vari ...
... discrimination, but the legacy of racial inequality has yet to be erased. From ensuring the rights of Native Americans to fighting for the rights of gays and lesbians to marry, the struggle for civil rights in the twentieth-first century has grown to include a more diverse America and a greater vari ...
The Stability of the Thermohaline Circulation in Global Warming
... A simplified climate model of the coupled ocean–atmosphere system is used to perform extensive sensitivity studies concerning possible future climate change induced by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Supplemented with an active atmospheric hydrological cycle, experiments with different rates ...
... A simplified climate model of the coupled ocean–atmosphere system is used to perform extensive sensitivity studies concerning possible future climate change induced by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Supplemented with an active atmospheric hydrological cycle, experiments with different rates ...
A multi-century ice-core perspective on 20th
... 1000 years, respectively). To facilitate comparison, the average d18O value was calculated for the GISP2 segment that overlaps the Summit 1989 record, and, as Figure 1 reveals, the 500 year d18O average is only slightly less than that for the 1000 year segment. Thus, the difference cannot be resolv ...
... 1000 years, respectively). To facilitate comparison, the average d18O value was calculated for the GISP2 segment that overlaps the Summit 1989 record, and, as Figure 1 reveals, the 500 year d18O average is only slightly less than that for the 1000 year segment. Thus, the difference cannot be resolv ...
A multi-century ice-core perspective on 20th
... 1000 years, respectively). To facilitate comparison, the average d18O value was calculated for the GISP2 segment that overlaps the Summit 1989 record, and, as Figure 1 reveals, the 500 year d18O average is only slightly less than that for the 1000 year segment. Thus, the difference cannot be resolv ...
... 1000 years, respectively). To facilitate comparison, the average d18O value was calculated for the GISP2 segment that overlaps the Summit 1989 record, and, as Figure 1 reveals, the 500 year d18O average is only slightly less than that for the 1000 year segment. Thus, the difference cannot be resolv ...
SorceMeetingNotes
... Differences: TOA diffs due to ocean surface albedo. Some local cloudiness. Column absorption 90 W/m2 constant in time for clear sky = TOA – surface 1-day points (hourly data averaged over a day) vary by about 20 W/m2. Heating increases inside ice clouds, decreases below the clouds Heating calculatio ...
... Differences: TOA diffs due to ocean surface albedo. Some local cloudiness. Column absorption 90 W/m2 constant in time for clear sky = TOA – surface 1-day points (hourly data averaged over a day) vary by about 20 W/m2. Heating increases inside ice clouds, decreases below the clouds Heating calculatio ...
Impacts of leaf phenology and water table on interannual variability
... • Interannual variation (IAV) in carbon fluxes from land to atmosphere is significant at the ecosystem scale, but we know little as we scale to the region – Regional fluxes are hard to observe and model but we’ve made progress – Still: IAV (years-decade) is currently poorly observed and modeled, whi ...
... • Interannual variation (IAV) in carbon fluxes from land to atmosphere is significant at the ecosystem scale, but we know little as we scale to the region – Regional fluxes are hard to observe and model but we’ve made progress – Still: IAV (years-decade) is currently poorly observed and modeled, whi ...
OVB - PolicyInteractive
... the land and natural resources. We have long been a leader in green practices and we can leverage this reputation to set an example for other states. We need to continue to build on our leadership through smart environmental behavior. ...
... the land and natural resources. We have long been a leader in green practices and we can leverage this reputation to set an example for other states. We need to continue to build on our leadership through smart environmental behavior. ...
ClimateChange
... Climate change in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) usage refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades o ...
... Climate change in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) usage refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades o ...
Slide 1
... • “Participants who intend to apply for a cost award must submit a Budget Estimate… • The Budget Estimate should address the Participant's eligibility,…identify the key issues that the Participant will examine, indicate whether the Participant expects to lead evidence, and include an estimate of pro ...
... • “Participants who intend to apply for a cost award must submit a Budget Estimate… • The Budget Estimate should address the Participant's eligibility,…identify the key issues that the Participant will examine, indicate whether the Participant expects to lead evidence, and include an estimate of pro ...
PPT - Larry Smarr - California Institute for Telecommunications and
... www.globalchange.gov/publications/reports/scientific-assessments /us-impacts/download-the-report ...
... www.globalchange.gov/publications/reports/scientific-assessments /us-impacts/download-the-report ...
... social sciences have only made progress by accepting imperfect to climate risk would mean that society would demand more states of knowledge as the moving goalposts necessary to have for assuming risk, and that the demanded return for alternative any research, any discourse, and any progress at all. ...
Biogeochemical Cycles and Climate
... react with other chemical components of the climate system, particularly the hydroxyl radical (OH*). Also, SOx and NOx are the principal constituents in acid deposition, and NOx and NMHCs are involved in the formation of ozone (O3), another greenhouse gas, in the troposphere. The unchecked accumulat ...
... react with other chemical components of the climate system, particularly the hydroxyl radical (OH*). Also, SOx and NOx are the principal constituents in acid deposition, and NOx and NMHCs are involved in the formation of ozone (O3), another greenhouse gas, in the troposphere. The unchecked accumulat ...
FP7 Starting Independent Researcher Grant: Ideas and dates
... interpret Article 2 is in terms of the aggregate benefits for human well-being of staying below a ‘safe’ ceiling of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Early accounts suggested that a doubling of CO2 over its pre-industrial level of 280 parts per million might be safe but no more. More recently, it has ...
... interpret Article 2 is in terms of the aggregate benefits for human well-being of staying below a ‘safe’ ceiling of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Early accounts suggested that a doubling of CO2 over its pre-industrial level of 280 parts per million might be safe but no more. More recently, it has ...
Implications of Climate Change on Ocean Living Resources off
... research effort. The origin of data varies: in Alaska - survey (RACE) and observer (NORPAC) databases; West Coast – NMFS bottom trawl surveys and observer programs; Gulf and Southeastern US - literature citations and fishery management council database; Northeast historical records, NMFS bottom traw ...
... research effort. The origin of data varies: in Alaska - survey (RACE) and observer (NORPAC) databases; West Coast – NMFS bottom trawl surveys and observer programs; Gulf and Southeastern US - literature citations and fishery management council database; Northeast historical records, NMFS bottom traw ...
Land Matters for CLiMate
... Box 1: The Economics of Land Degradation Land degradation is not a new phenomenon, nor is it confined to developing countries. Between 1931 and 1939, a series of droughts compounded by poor land management resulted in one of the worst disasters in United States history. While the term “climate chang ...
... Box 1: The Economics of Land Degradation Land degradation is not a new phenomenon, nor is it confined to developing countries. Between 1931 and 1939, a series of droughts compounded by poor land management resulted in one of the worst disasters in United States history. While the term “climate chang ...
Kyoto Protocol
... GHG outflows ought to keep genuine reductions from the present level, rather than essentially diminished level of the future discharges or to which nations would be liable to the new duties. EU bolstered significant reductions; however the JUCANZ (Japan, US, Canada, Australia, & New Zealand) constit ...
... GHG outflows ought to keep genuine reductions from the present level, rather than essentially diminished level of the future discharges or to which nations would be liable to the new duties. EU bolstered significant reductions; however the JUCANZ (Japan, US, Canada, Australia, & New Zealand) constit ...
Backgrounder on the Clean Growth Climate Action plan
... Principle #2 – Bring in the federally mandated carbon price gradually and predictably. Rather than hit people with a large increase all at once, our plan will meet the federally mandated $50/tonne carbon price by 2022 over three years starting in 2020 ($6, $7, ...
... Principle #2 – Bring in the federally mandated carbon price gradually and predictably. Rather than hit people with a large increase all at once, our plan will meet the federally mandated $50/tonne carbon price by 2022 over three years starting in 2020 ($6, $7, ...
The 2°C target - Climate Emergency Institute
... relevance. There is a still poorly understood risk that temperature increases above 2-3°C could cause major and irreversible damage to the Amazonian rainforest and its biodiversity and, as a consequence, exert a strong positive feedback on the climate system by turning Amazonia into a large carbon s ...
... relevance. There is a still poorly understood risk that temperature increases above 2-3°C could cause major and irreversible damage to the Amazonian rainforest and its biodiversity and, as a consequence, exert a strong positive feedback on the climate system by turning Amazonia into a large carbon s ...
Features
... ozone hole problem. People get skin cancer. When you stop CFC emissions, you know ultraviolet radiation will eventually be reduced and rate of skin cancer will be less. The CFC emission has been reduced successfully. In case of CO2, it is very difficult to reduce rate of CO2 emission enough to stabili ...
... ozone hole problem. People get skin cancer. When you stop CFC emissions, you know ultraviolet radiation will eventually be reduced and rate of skin cancer will be less. The CFC emission has been reduced successfully. In case of CO2, it is very difficult to reduce rate of CO2 emission enough to stabili ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""