Towards Climate-Friendly Farming
... It has been knows for decades that methane is a powerful greenhouse gas5. Up to onethird of the warming during the twentieth century may be attributable to methane6. Since the eighteenth century, methane concentrations have risen 2.5 fold7 even as natural sources such as wetlands and wildlife declin ...
... It has been knows for decades that methane is a powerful greenhouse gas5. Up to onethird of the warming during the twentieth century may be attributable to methane6. Since the eighteenth century, methane concentrations have risen 2.5 fold7 even as natural sources such as wetlands and wildlife declin ...
pdf - The Paleoindian Database of the Americas
... this volume, when calendar ages based on radiocarbon dates are presented, the calibration or calibration program employed is also referenced (e.g., Reimer et al., 2004 or Stuiver et al., 1998; these are the calibrations most typically used). Although Holocene climate is not characterized by the extr ...
... this volume, when calendar ages based on radiocarbon dates are presented, the calibration or calibration program employed is also referenced (e.g., Reimer et al., 2004 or Stuiver et al., 1998; these are the calibrations most typically used). Although Holocene climate is not characterized by the extr ...
VER Carbon Credits.indd
... Deforestation and degradation accounts for roughly 20 percent of greenhouse gas emissions resulting from human activities — a share greater than all the world’s planes, cars, trucks, and ships combined. When forests are destroyed they release large quantities of CO2 into the atmosphere, a major cont ...
... Deforestation and degradation accounts for roughly 20 percent of greenhouse gas emissions resulting from human activities — a share greater than all the world’s planes, cars, trucks, and ships combined. When forests are destroyed they release large quantities of CO2 into the atmosphere, a major cont ...
Long Range Ensemble Streamflow Prediction
... Latest IPCC report confirms “temperatures averaged over all habitable continents … will very likely rise at greater than the global average rate in the next 50 years and by an amount substantially in excess of natural variability.” (IPCC WR1, 2007) ...
... Latest IPCC report confirms “temperatures averaged over all habitable continents … will very likely rise at greater than the global average rate in the next 50 years and by an amount substantially in excess of natural variability.” (IPCC WR1, 2007) ...
Climate change during the last 150 million years: reconstruction
... carbonates in addition to the small land area [3,4,15] and an effective CO2 degassing from the mantle [11] at that time. Decreasing mantle activities and the formation and uplift of the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau may have been responsible for the Mesozoic–Cenozoic cooling trend (e.g., [3–6,20 ...
... carbonates in addition to the small land area [3,4,15] and an effective CO2 degassing from the mantle [11] at that time. Decreasing mantle activities and the formation and uplift of the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau may have been responsible for the Mesozoic–Cenozoic cooling trend (e.g., [3–6,20 ...
Influence of Ocean and Atmosphere Components on
... relative to ESM2M is established early and then maintained over a large range of forcing magnitudes. The warming simulated by the two models rejoins near 4 times CO2 when the radiative forcing is 7 W m22, much larger than that attained in the scenario experiment, nominally 4.5 W m22. Both ESM2G and ...
... relative to ESM2M is established early and then maintained over a large range of forcing magnitudes. The warming simulated by the two models rejoins near 4 times CO2 when the radiative forcing is 7 W m22, much larger than that attained in the scenario experiment, nominally 4.5 W m22. Both ESM2G and ...
A Valuable Reference Area to Assess the Effects of Climate Change
... 1840s,12 the earlier Ross Sea-wide survey work reported in Bullivant13 and Barry14, but most recently results from the latitudinal gradient project led by New Zealand.15 These data series have been important in our attempt to understand biological and ecological responses to interannual, decadal and ...
... 1840s,12 the earlier Ross Sea-wide survey work reported in Bullivant13 and Barry14, but most recently results from the latitudinal gradient project led by New Zealand.15 These data series have been important in our attempt to understand biological and ecological responses to interannual, decadal and ...
Neelin, 2011. Climate Change and Climate Modeling, Cambridge
... Chapter 2 Preview (Figure 2.16) Climatology of sea surface temperature for January (15 year average) ...
... Chapter 2 Preview (Figure 2.16) Climatology of sea surface temperature for January (15 year average) ...
Support for businesses
... economic depression abroad, food scarcity and environmental refugees could also significantly impact upon our lives in the UK. Climate change will be felt directly at home, too. Here in Gloucestershire, average annual temperatures have risen by 1°C over the last 60 years; Cheltenham held the record ...
... economic depression abroad, food scarcity and environmental refugees could also significantly impact upon our lives in the UK. Climate change will be felt directly at home, too. Here in Gloucestershire, average annual temperatures have risen by 1°C over the last 60 years; Cheltenham held the record ...
Biosequestration - Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
... Biosequestration refers to a category of biological processes that absorb carbon dioxide (CO2), the primary GHG, from the atmosphere and contain it in living organic matter, soil, or aquatic ecosystems. The opportunities for expanding biosequestration by changing management and land-use practices ar ...
... Biosequestration refers to a category of biological processes that absorb carbon dioxide (CO2), the primary GHG, from the atmosphere and contain it in living organic matter, soil, or aquatic ecosystems. The opportunities for expanding biosequestration by changing management and land-use practices ar ...
transcript
... [Frick Interview in] [Sandra] Can you give me an idea of the types of pressures that climate change is putting on agriculture? [Martin] Well, most of the world’s agriculture is actually rain fed. When you think about climate change impacts, you think about tropical storms extended droughts, hail, al ...
... [Frick Interview in] [Sandra] Can you give me an idea of the types of pressures that climate change is putting on agriculture? [Martin] Well, most of the world’s agriculture is actually rain fed. When you think about climate change impacts, you think about tropical storms extended droughts, hail, al ...
Cities, Climate Change, and The Big Opportunity
... Pune-Mumbai “mega region” is expected to hit nearly 50 million people3. Climate change is likely to increase the frequency of flooding in Pune, which is located at the confluence of three rivers, Mutha, Mula and Pavana. The city has experienced many floods over the last six decades, including a hist ...
... Pune-Mumbai “mega region” is expected to hit nearly 50 million people3. Climate change is likely to increase the frequency of flooding in Pune, which is located at the confluence of three rivers, Mutha, Mula and Pavana. The city has experienced many floods over the last six decades, including a hist ...
Hot Cities: battle-ground for Climate CHange - UN
... fossil fuels, for electricity, cooking, transportation and industrial production. • In countries relying heavily on coal for electricity it can be the single largest contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. A study of 15 South African cities indicated that electricity generation was responsible for ...
... fossil fuels, for electricity, cooking, transportation and industrial production. • In countries relying heavily on coal for electricity it can be the single largest contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. A study of 15 South African cities indicated that electricity generation was responsible for ...
Predicting Everglades nutrient distributions in response to climate change
... • Christiansen, J.E., 1968. Pan evaporation and evapotranspira- tion from climatic data. J. Irig. Drain. Div., 94: 243-265. • Fitz, H.C., E.B. DeBellevue, R. Costanza, R. Boumans, T. Maxwell, L. Wainger, and F.H. Sklar. 1996. Development of a general ecosystem model for a range of scales and ecosyst ...
... • Christiansen, J.E., 1968. Pan evaporation and evapotranspira- tion from climatic data. J. Irig. Drain. Div., 94: 243-265. • Fitz, H.C., E.B. DeBellevue, R. Costanza, R. Boumans, T. Maxwell, L. Wainger, and F.H. Sklar. 1996. Development of a general ecosystem model for a range of scales and ecosyst ...
Carbon credits and green building
... the general principles of a cap and trade program, if an entity needs additional allowances because its emissions exceed its allocation (on a ton-for-ton basis of carbon dioxide equivalent), it can buy those allowances from other entities that have surplus allowances. A company may find itself with ...
... the general principles of a cap and trade program, if an entity needs additional allowances because its emissions exceed its allocation (on a ton-for-ton basis of carbon dioxide equivalent), it can buy those allowances from other entities that have surplus allowances. A company may find itself with ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... of Economic Research
... they are highly uncertain. Meanwhile, the almost direct relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and energy use, and, ultimately, economic activity, often makes the cost of taking action all too palpable. Domestic political difficulties have arisen in many countries seeking to enact policies to m ...
... they are highly uncertain. Meanwhile, the almost direct relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and energy use, and, ultimately, economic activity, often makes the cost of taking action all too palpable. Domestic political difficulties have arisen in many countries seeking to enact policies to m ...
The ViTal imporTance of ending new fossil fuel leases in The gulf of
... The 2015 Paris Agreement recognized that climate change is an “urgent and potentially irreversible threat to human societies and the planet,” 21 and it commits 197 signatory countries to hold temperatures “to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature i ...
... The 2015 Paris Agreement recognized that climate change is an “urgent and potentially irreversible threat to human societies and the planet,” 21 and it commits 197 signatory countries to hold temperatures “to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature i ...
The legacy of climategate
... a University of East Anglia server and posted to the internet; within 24 h an international scandal was born—alleging fraud by leading climate scientists—which almost immediately became known as climategate. Multiple investigations concluded that no fraud or scientific misconduct had occurred. Despi ...
... a University of East Anglia server and posted to the internet; within 24 h an international scandal was born—alleging fraud by leading climate scientists—which almost immediately became known as climategate. Multiple investigations concluded that no fraud or scientific misconduct had occurred. Despi ...
climate policy: separating fact from fantasy
... emissions, climate change, and resulting damages to the environment, economy, and standards of living worldwide. Human activity produces greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions, most notably carbon dioxide (“CO2”), but also a host of other gases, including methane, nitrous oxide, perfluorocompounds, and hy ...
... emissions, climate change, and resulting damages to the environment, economy, and standards of living worldwide. Human activity produces greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions, most notably carbon dioxide (“CO2”), but also a host of other gases, including methane, nitrous oxide, perfluorocompounds, and hy ...
Too late, too sudden: Transition to a low
... action. As a result, there is considerable uncertainty about whether the shift to a low-carbon economy will be slow, gradual and benign – or late, abrupt and costly (see Box). The adverse scenario for the EU financial system is one of late adjustment, resulting in a “hard landing”. In this scenario, ...
... action. As a result, there is considerable uncertainty about whether the shift to a low-carbon economy will be slow, gradual and benign – or late, abrupt and costly (see Box). The adverse scenario for the EU financial system is one of late adjustment, resulting in a “hard landing”. In this scenario, ...
Can Dr. Evil Save The World?
... Wood hooked up his laptop, threw his first slide onto the screen and got down to business: What if all the conventional thinking about how to deal with global warming was wrong? What if you could do an end run around carbon-trading schemes and international treaties and political gridlock and actual ...
... Wood hooked up his laptop, threw his first slide onto the screen and got down to business: What if all the conventional thinking about how to deal with global warming was wrong? What if you could do an end run around carbon-trading schemes and international treaties and political gridlock and actual ...
Analysis on Carbon Information Disclosure of Chinese Forestry
... Scientific research shows that augment of concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere should bear the most blame for global warming. Greenhouse gases, which cause global climate change, include carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitric oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), ozone (O3), six flu ...
... Scientific research shows that augment of concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere should bear the most blame for global warming. Greenhouse gases, which cause global climate change, include carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitric oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), ozone (O3), six flu ...
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS)
... Climate change is one of the most important global environmental challenges of the present century. Global warming has been in increasing trend since the 1980, although the earth’s average surface temperature has increased by about 1.2 to 1.40F in the last 100 years (Mendelssohn, 2007). Climate chan ...
... Climate change is one of the most important global environmental challenges of the present century. Global warming has been in increasing trend since the 1980, although the earth’s average surface temperature has increased by about 1.2 to 1.40F in the last 100 years (Mendelssohn, 2007). Climate chan ...
Generating characteristic daily weather data using
... including the three SRES scenarios used in AR4: A2, a high-greenhouse-gas-emission scenario; A1B, a medium-emission scenario; and B1, a low-emissions scenario. The SRES scenarios are described in Table 1. Model output data are not available for all combinations of GCM and scenario, at least not the ...
... including the three SRES scenarios used in AR4: A2, a high-greenhouse-gas-emission scenario; A1B, a medium-emission scenario; and B1, a low-emissions scenario. The SRES scenarios are described in Table 1. Model output data are not available for all combinations of GCM and scenario, at least not the ...
I - University of Montana
... From classroom lectures, reading assignments, and homework problem sets, students will gain an understanding of the scientific method and how it has been applied to climate sciences. They will understand how to interpret complex scientific information through a variety of methods (for example, time ...
... From classroom lectures, reading assignments, and homework problem sets, students will gain an understanding of the scientific method and how it has been applied to climate sciences. They will understand how to interpret complex scientific information through a variety of methods (for example, time ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""