Projected climate-induced faunal change in the Western Hemisphere
... conservation managers and planners to proactively respond to climate stresses. To address one aspect of this uncertainty, we identified predictions of faunal change for which a high level of consensus was exhibited by different climate models. Specifically, we assessed the potential effects of 30 coup ...
... conservation managers and planners to proactively respond to climate stresses. To address one aspect of this uncertainty, we identified predictions of faunal change for which a high level of consensus was exhibited by different climate models. Specifically, we assessed the potential effects of 30 coup ...
Modelling the response of glaciers to climate warming
... Valley glaciers affect human activities in a significant way in many mountainous regions. People benefit from the presence of glaciers by using meltwater for hydropower reservoirs and irrigation systems. Glacier ice has been used extensively for cooling of cellars and caves. Exploitation of glaciers ...
... Valley glaciers affect human activities in a significant way in many mountainous regions. People benefit from the presence of glaciers by using meltwater for hydropower reservoirs and irrigation systems. Glacier ice has been used extensively for cooling of cellars and caves. Exploitation of glaciers ...
Introduction Growth, Punctuation, and Human Well-Being
... Fearful of being labeled “environmental determinists,” we opt for a model of change in which all of the significant causal agents in historical processes are internal – or endogenous – to human culture, society, and economy. Given that most historians work on the past three to four centuries at most ...
... Fearful of being labeled “environmental determinists,” we opt for a model of change in which all of the significant causal agents in historical processes are internal – or endogenous – to human culture, society, and economy. Given that most historians work on the past three to four centuries at most ...
The Poverty Impacts of Climate Change
... consumption from climate change by about half (the decline in consumption is 11 percent in the case of a weather shock, comClimate change will slow the pace of global poverty reduction, pared to 6 percent when autonomous adaptation is factored in). but—based on the mean or expected value of climate ...
... consumption from climate change by about half (the decline in consumption is 11 percent in the case of a weather shock, comClimate change will slow the pace of global poverty reduction, pared to 6 percent when autonomous adaptation is factored in). but—based on the mean or expected value of climate ...
Observed coherent changes in climatic
... ABSTRACT: A new global dataset of derived indicators has been compiled to clarify whether frequency and/or severity of climatic extremes changed during the second half of the 20th century. This period provides the best spatial coverage of homogenous daily series, which can be used for calculating th ...
... ABSTRACT: A new global dataset of derived indicators has been compiled to clarify whether frequency and/or severity of climatic extremes changed during the second half of the 20th century. This period provides the best spatial coverage of homogenous daily series, which can be used for calculating th ...
Simulated Global-Mean Sea Level Changes over
... GCM (HadCM3) with anthropogenic and natural (solar and volcanic) forcings have been analyzed. Globalmean surface temperature change during the twentieth century is well reproduced. Simulated contributions to global-mean sea level rise during recent decades due to thermal expansion (the largest term) ...
... GCM (HadCM3) with anthropogenic and natural (solar and volcanic) forcings have been analyzed. Globalmean surface temperature change during the twentieth century is well reproduced. Simulated contributions to global-mean sea level rise during recent decades due to thermal expansion (the largest term) ...
the response of crop to temperature
... Increase rate of photosynthesis increase growth rate and productivity of plants decrease transpiration increase crop water use efficiency and yield ...
... Increase rate of photosynthesis increase growth rate and productivity of plants decrease transpiration increase crop water use efficiency and yield ...
S 2016
... Fortunately, dear Millennials, in the new millennium, a promising global climate justice movement has emerged behind the slogan “System change, not climate change!” and is making demands for a socially just, scientifically appropriate, and legally binding treaty. To get such a treaty in the future, ...
... Fortunately, dear Millennials, in the new millennium, a promising global climate justice movement has emerged behind the slogan “System change, not climate change!” and is making demands for a socially just, scientifically appropriate, and legally binding treaty. To get such a treaty in the future, ...
PDF
... production will become one of the most significant policy issues, in both developed and developing countries, in the first few decades of the 21st century. Global and regional climate change will modify both agricultural production capacity and its location, and the intensity of agricultural product ...
... production will become one of the most significant policy issues, in both developed and developing countries, in the first few decades of the 21st century. Global and regional climate change will modify both agricultural production capacity and its location, and the intensity of agricultural product ...
the sahel is greening - The Global Warming Policy Foundation
... quickly green the Sahara.22 There were earlier examples of a “green Sahara”. North African climate reconstructions have revealed three periods during which the Sahara was almost completely covered with extensive grasslands, lakes and rivers over the course of the last 120,000 years. Dr Rik Tjallingi ...
... quickly green the Sahara.22 There were earlier examples of a “green Sahara”. North African climate reconstructions have revealed three periods during which the Sahara was almost completely covered with extensive grasslands, lakes and rivers over the course of the last 120,000 years. Dr Rik Tjallingi ...
Desertification-Climate Change Interactions
... initial variable that fostered the change. There are positive and negative feedbacks. A positive feedback stimulates an increase on the initial variable response. For example, global warming reduces snow cover in winter, increases both surface albedo and absorption of solar energy by ground, thus av ...
... initial variable that fostered the change. There are positive and negative feedbacks. A positive feedback stimulates an increase on the initial variable response. For example, global warming reduces snow cover in winter, increases both surface albedo and absorption of solar energy by ground, thus av ...
PDF
... activity. Global capital and labor are combined to produce a generic output each year, which is either consumed or invested in additional capital. A representative agent chooses the amount of consumption each period that maximizes her expected utility across time. Climate change enters the model thr ...
... activity. Global capital and labor are combined to produce a generic output each year, which is either consumed or invested in additional capital. A representative agent chooses the amount of consumption each period that maximizes her expected utility across time. Climate change enters the model thr ...
Health Implications of Climate Change 3.54 MB | Posted 13
... leadership in our response now, rather than later.” • Or, “It is too late anyway—whatever we do will not make a difference.” ...
... leadership in our response now, rather than later.” • Or, “It is too late anyway—whatever we do will not make a difference.” ...
The Economics of Climate Change in East Asia
... The views expressed in this document are those of the author, and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this document, and accept no ...
... The views expressed in this document are those of the author, and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this document, and accept no ...
Moresby Declaration for an effective global climate agreement
... local, knowledge women and men carry with them to cope with natural climate variability. This knowledge will continue to be crucial for adaptation to a changing climate. Changes to the global climate system are driven by pollution. Human activity is increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhous ...
... local, knowledge women and men carry with them to cope with natural climate variability. This knowledge will continue to be crucial for adaptation to a changing climate. Changes to the global climate system are driven by pollution. Human activity is increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhous ...
Climate resilient pathways: relationship between adaptation
... • Adaptation and mitigation depend on one another, they can reduce climate risks but they do so at different time scales • adaptation addresses current and committed climate change • Mitigation reduces future climate risks • Adaptation and mitigation choices in the near-term will affect the risks of ...
... • Adaptation and mitigation depend on one another, they can reduce climate risks but they do so at different time scales • adaptation addresses current and committed climate change • Mitigation reduces future climate risks • Adaptation and mitigation choices in the near-term will affect the risks of ...
Effects of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon cycle
... forest fires in Greece in 2007 (Founda & Giannakopoulos, 2009), the dry spells in the Amazon basin in 2005 (Phillips et al., 2009) and 2010 (Lewis et al., 2011), in the U.S.A. 2000–2004 (Breshears et al., 2005; Schwalm et al., 2012), the forest fires in Russia in 2010 (Barriopedro et al., 2011; Kono ...
... forest fires in Greece in 2007 (Founda & Giannakopoulos, 2009), the dry spells in the Amazon basin in 2005 (Phillips et al., 2009) and 2010 (Lewis et al., 2011), in the U.S.A. 2000–2004 (Breshears et al., 2005; Schwalm et al., 2012), the forest fires in Russia in 2010 (Barriopedro et al., 2011; Kono ...
Silencing Science
... Of the money that actually gets disclosed, oil and gas industry political spending on federal elections soared from $22.3 million in 2006 to $73.5 million in 2012. “Soft” money donations from the industry to parties and outside spending groups exploded by more than 2000% over the same period. And th ...
... Of the money that actually gets disclosed, oil and gas industry political spending on federal elections soared from $22.3 million in 2006 to $73.5 million in 2012. “Soft” money donations from the industry to parties and outside spending groups exploded by more than 2000% over the same period. And th ...
PDF
... 4. Policy discussion The results show the strong interactions between poverty and climate change impacts on crop production, irrigation water demands and fertiliser use. Although under the E1 scenario these impacts seem to be less forceful, it is important to note that Africa and the Middle East re ...
... 4. Policy discussion The results show the strong interactions between poverty and climate change impacts on crop production, irrigation water demands and fertiliser use. Although under the E1 scenario these impacts seem to be less forceful, it is important to note that Africa and the Middle East re ...
Exhibit E Soundness of Approach Draft
... include the integration of ideas tested in one area into another, through appropriate modification; crosscommunity discussions on outcomes. New research, technologies and methodologies will have statewide benefit in the implementation of a statewide resiliency focus. Improved resilience in one area ...
... include the integration of ideas tested in one area into another, through appropriate modification; crosscommunity discussions on outcomes. New research, technologies and methodologies will have statewide benefit in the implementation of a statewide resiliency focus. Improved resilience in one area ...
Phillip_Staddon___Winter_Mortality
... This has been attempted in air pollution over four decades, and much can be learned from those approaches. ...
... This has been attempted in air pollution over four decades, and much can be learned from those approaches. ...
Climate Change in Value Chain Development
... shoots. The plant depends on high and evenly distributed annual rainfall of at least 1,500 mm and a dry season of not more than three months and optimum temperatures around 25°C, soil temperatures (30cm depths) are tolerated only until 16°C. In Kenya, tea (Camellia sinensis L.) grows over to 2,200 m ...
... shoots. The plant depends on high and evenly distributed annual rainfall of at least 1,500 mm and a dry season of not more than three months and optimum temperatures around 25°C, soil temperatures (30cm depths) are tolerated only until 16°C. In Kenya, tea (Camellia sinensis L.) grows over to 2,200 m ...
The pathological history of weather and climate
... Espy viewed the atmosphere as a giant heat engine. According to his thermal theory of storms, all atmospheric disturbances, from thunderstorms to winter storms, are driven by heated updrafts, inwardly rushing air currents, and the release of latent heat. His theory, published as The philosophy of st ...
... Espy viewed the atmosphere as a giant heat engine. According to his thermal theory of storms, all atmospheric disturbances, from thunderstorms to winter storms, are driven by heated updrafts, inwardly rushing air currents, and the release of latent heat. His theory, published as The philosophy of st ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""