Pacific Region Climate Change Science and Learning Opportunities
... national parks, and in some cases in rapid and concerning ways. These changes will have implications for what visitors see and experience in national parks and will require new approaches to the protection of natural and historic resources within parks. “Studies like this are critical to inform nati ...
... national parks, and in some cases in rapid and concerning ways. These changes will have implications for what visitors see and experience in national parks and will require new approaches to the protection of natural and historic resources within parks. “Studies like this are critical to inform nati ...
Major Impacts and Vulnerabilities for Asia
... (9.3.3.1, 13.3.1.1, 18.5.3, 19.6.3), Poverty (13.3.2.3), Culture (12.3.2), Flood risks (18.3.1.1, 24.2.1), Health risks (24.4.6.2), Ecosystems (24.4.2.2). ...
... (9.3.3.1, 13.3.1.1, 18.5.3, 19.6.3), Poverty (13.3.2.3), Culture (12.3.2), Flood risks (18.3.1.1, 24.2.1), Health risks (24.4.6.2), Ecosystems (24.4.2.2). ...
Barriers to Effective Climate Change Adaptation
... The impacts of climate change are already being felt in Australia, and with the water cycle highly sensitive to climate change the water industry is facing an unprecedented challenge.. The changing climate present risks to all facets of the urban water cycle, from the sourcing and supply of water, t ...
... The impacts of climate change are already being felt in Australia, and with the water cycle highly sensitive to climate change the water industry is facing an unprecedented challenge.. The changing climate present risks to all facets of the urban water cycle, from the sourcing and supply of water, t ...
6. Climate change in the Arctic: A discussion of the impact on
... from the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA), which is an important source for this chapter, together with the 2001 report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). ...
... from the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA), which is an important source for this chapter, together with the 2001 report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). ...
Globalization and Environmental Issues
... The Ukrainian city of Chernobyl was the site of the worst nuclear disaster in the post-1945 world. Incompetent operators and the inherently unsafe design caused a reactor to explode on April 26, 1986. Over 100,000 people were evacuated. 30 people died immediately and hundreds died later from exposur ...
... The Ukrainian city of Chernobyl was the site of the worst nuclear disaster in the post-1945 world. Incompetent operators and the inherently unsafe design caused a reactor to explode on April 26, 1986. Over 100,000 people were evacuated. 30 people died immediately and hundreds died later from exposur ...
regional climate model intercomparison project for asia
... (Mearns et al. 2001; Giorgi et al. 2001). At present, analysis of the coupled atmosphere–ocean GCM (AOGCM) simulations indicates that average biases at regional scales, when simulating present-day climate, are highly variable from region to region and across models. For example, Giorgi and Francisco ...
... (Mearns et al. 2001; Giorgi et al. 2001). At present, analysis of the coupled atmosphere–ocean GCM (AOGCM) simulations indicates that average biases at regional scales, when simulating present-day climate, are highly variable from region to region and across models. For example, Giorgi and Francisco ...
Planning for the impact of sea-level rise on U.S. national parks
... LOBAL MEAN SEA LEVELS have been rising since the last ice age approximately 20,000 years ago (Archer and Rahmstorf 2010; IPCC 2007). Relative to the past two to three thousand years, the rate of rise has increased significantly and is projected to increase at an accelerating pace throughout the 21st ...
... LOBAL MEAN SEA LEVELS have been rising since the last ice age approximately 20,000 years ago (Archer and Rahmstorf 2010; IPCC 2007). Relative to the past two to three thousand years, the rate of rise has increased significantly and is projected to increase at an accelerating pace throughout the 21st ...
Diapositiva 1
... • The chemistry behind the Bromine explosion is influenced by, temperature, solar radiation and salinity • Perennial sea-ice is less saline and less prone to form leads than seasonal sea-ice • The boundary layer over ice is often low, hence the quantity of Hg available to be oxidised is limited • Wh ...
... • The chemistry behind the Bromine explosion is influenced by, temperature, solar radiation and salinity • Perennial sea-ice is less saline and less prone to form leads than seasonal sea-ice • The boundary layer over ice is often low, hence the quantity of Hg available to be oxidised is limited • Wh ...
The Risk of Sea Level Rise: A Delphic Monte Carlo Analysis in
... As Figure 1 shows, the linkages between global temperatures and the potential contribution of the polar ice sheets had not been completely modeled when we began our effort. Models were available, for example, that showed the potential impact of ice-shelf melting on the Antarctic contribution to sea ...
... As Figure 1 shows, the linkages between global temperatures and the potential contribution of the polar ice sheets had not been completely modeled when we began our effort. Models were available, for example, that showed the potential impact of ice-shelf melting on the Antarctic contribution to sea ...
StudentS take on climate StorieS
... When I look back at the thousands of articles I have written over the past three decades, among the few that really stand out is the dramatic call to arms by US scientist Jim Hansen in 1988 that helped raise awareness of global warming, and warn us of the dangers of climate change. This now promises ...
... When I look back at the thousands of articles I have written over the past three decades, among the few that really stand out is the dramatic call to arms by US scientist Jim Hansen in 1988 that helped raise awareness of global warming, and warn us of the dangers of climate change. This now promises ...
Lakes as sentinels and integrators for the effects of climate change
... as far east as southern parts of the Great Lakes basin. Lewis et al. (2001) reviewed the status of Lake Winnipeg in the Holocene. They found evidence that the south basin of the lake was desiccated and the north basin much reduced in size. During this period, grasslands surrounded the south basin an ...
... as far east as southern parts of the Great Lakes basin. Lewis et al. (2001) reviewed the status of Lake Winnipeg in the Holocene. They found evidence that the south basin of the lake was desiccated and the north basin much reduced in size. During this period, grasslands surrounded the south basin an ...
Economic Impacts Of Climate Change On Georgia
... sea level between 0.1 and 0.2 meters during the twentieth century, which is considerably higher than the average rate during the last several millennia (Barnett 1984; Douglas et. al 2001; IPCC 2001). Changes in heat fluxes through the atmosphere and oceans, combined with changes in reflectivity of t ...
... sea level between 0.1 and 0.2 meters during the twentieth century, which is considerably higher than the average rate during the last several millennia (Barnett 1984; Douglas et. al 2001; IPCC 2001). Changes in heat fluxes through the atmosphere and oceans, combined with changes in reflectivity of t ...
Pattern scaling using ClimGen: monthly
... ensembles of simulations, but that the errors that would thus result from using PS are small compared with the many other uncertainties that exist in future climate scenarios. More recent assessments, facilitated by ensembles of individual and multiple models, confirm that PS can approximately emula ...
... ensembles of simulations, but that the errors that would thus result from using PS are small compared with the many other uncertainties that exist in future climate scenarios. More recent assessments, facilitated by ensembles of individual and multiple models, confirm that PS can approximately emula ...
CATS Annual Report 2012-13
... models and reality in the context of climate change. The research will work towards the design of ensemble experiments which can evaluate the spatial and temporal scales on which complex climate models can potentially provide quantitative information about the future real world climate. The project ...
... models and reality in the context of climate change. The research will work towards the design of ensemble experiments which can evaluate the spatial and temporal scales on which complex climate models can potentially provide quantitative information about the future real world climate. The project ...
A few things before we (really) start
... They are also the first witnesses of climate change, the living proofs that global ...
... They are also the first witnesses of climate change, the living proofs that global ...
Monitoring and Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Mitigation Potential in Agriculture: the new greenhouse Gas Emissions database in FAOSTAT; and Presentation and discussion of the conclusions and recommendations of the greenhouse gas emission and mitigation workshop
... emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), over half of methane (CH4), and two-thirds of nitrous oxide (N2O) (FAOSTAT, 2013). Emissions of CO2 are dominated by deforestation and peatland degradation, with a small component from energy and machinery use; emissions of methane are dominated by livestock produc ...
... emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), over half of methane (CH4), and two-thirds of nitrous oxide (N2O) (FAOSTAT, 2013). Emissions of CO2 are dominated by deforestation and peatland degradation, with a small component from energy and machinery use; emissions of methane are dominated by livestock produc ...
Human Impacts on Climate: A Broader View than Reported in the IPCC
... and the assessed level of scientific understanding (LOSU). The net anthropogenic radiative forcing and its range are also shown. These require summing asymmetric uncertainty estimates from the component terms, and cannot be obtained by simple addition. Additional forcing factors not included here ar ...
... and the assessed level of scientific understanding (LOSU). The net anthropogenic radiative forcing and its range are also shown. These require summing asymmetric uncertainty estimates from the component terms, and cannot be obtained by simple addition. Additional forcing factors not included here ar ...
Climate sensitivity, sea level and atmospheric carbon dioxide
... large warming at intermediate ocean depths in response to initial surface warming are consistent with the concept of a methane hydrate role in hyperthermal events. The hyperthermals confirm understanding about the long recovery time of the Earth’s carbon cycle [21] and reveal the potential for thresh ...
... large warming at intermediate ocean depths in response to initial surface warming are consistent with the concept of a methane hydrate role in hyperthermal events. The hyperthermals confirm understanding about the long recovery time of the Earth’s carbon cycle [21] and reveal the potential for thresh ...
Sposito et al. 2012. Austr Decision
... carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and halocarbons (a group of gases containing fluoride, chlorine and bromide). Since the Industrial Revolution (around 1750), global atmospheric concentrations of CO2, CH4 and N2O have increased markedly as a result of human activities, and now ...
... carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and halocarbons (a group of gases containing fluoride, chlorine and bromide). Since the Industrial Revolution (around 1750), global atmospheric concentrations of CO2, CH4 and N2O have increased markedly as a result of human activities, and now ...
Climate change and ecosystems of the Mid
... these potential future changes. Over the last 100 yr, average conditions have become warmer and wetter: average precipitation has gone up 10% (linearly) and average temperature has risen by 1°F. In the same period, the MAR region has seen a decrease in the number of very hot days (i.e. temperatures ...
... these potential future changes. Over the last 100 yr, average conditions have become warmer and wetter: average precipitation has gone up 10% (linearly) and average temperature has risen by 1°F. In the same period, the MAR region has seen a decrease in the number of very hot days (i.e. temperatures ...
observed climate changes in georgia georgia temperature history
... greater role in Georgia’s climate than any long-term trends. Such short-term variability will continue dominating Georgia’s climate into the future. At the century timescale, Georgia’s climate shows no statically significant trend in statewide average annual temperature, statewide total annual preci ...
... greater role in Georgia’s climate than any long-term trends. Such short-term variability will continue dominating Georgia’s climate into the future. At the century timescale, Georgia’s climate shows no statically significant trend in statewide average annual temperature, statewide total annual preci ...
Towards a typology for constrained climate model forecasts
... down by an arbitrary parameter representing uncertainty in the response magnitude. The goodness-of-fit between individual members of this pseudo-ensemble are then evaluated with some kind of weighted sum of squares, with the expected model-data differences due to internal climate variability, observa ...
... down by an arbitrary parameter representing uncertainty in the response magnitude. The goodness-of-fit between individual members of this pseudo-ensemble are then evaluated with some kind of weighted sum of squares, with the expected model-data differences due to internal climate variability, observa ...
How to communicate the scientific consensus on climate change
... We also administered a manipulation check to assess to what extent the participants correctly remembered the information that was presented to them. Results indicated a significant difference between the conditions, F(1, 974)=7,54, p<0.01. On average, the recall of subjects who were in the descripti ...
... We also administered a manipulation check to assess to what extent the participants correctly remembered the information that was presented to them. Results indicated a significant difference between the conditions, F(1, 974)=7,54, p<0.01. On average, the recall of subjects who were in the descripti ...
Effects of systematic biases in the stratosphere on the tropospheric
... Climate science makes use of observations, theory, and modelling to understand better the functioning of the climate system on Earth in present and past conditions, and to explore possible future climates. Comprehensive climate models developed for this purpose integrate the knowledge on the process ...
... Climate science makes use of observations, theory, and modelling to understand better the functioning of the climate system on Earth in present and past conditions, and to explore possible future climates. Comprehensive climate models developed for this purpose integrate the knowledge on the process ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""