June 2012 - International Association for Urban Climate
... Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences who is also a lead author on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reports, which, among other things, assess global climate-change simulations for the United Nations. “Every season of the year in every part of the county will be warmer,” Hall s ...
... Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences who is also a lead author on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reports, which, among other things, assess global climate-change simulations for the United Nations. “Every season of the year in every part of the county will be warmer,” Hall s ...
The Impact of Climate Change on the Agricultural Sector
... Climate change refers to changes beyond the average atmospheric condition that are caused both by natural factors such as the orbit of earth’s revolution, volcanic activities and crustal movements and by artificial factors such as the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases and aerosol. Cl ...
... Climate change refers to changes beyond the average atmospheric condition that are caused both by natural factors such as the orbit of earth’s revolution, volcanic activities and crustal movements and by artificial factors such as the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases and aerosol. Cl ...
Module e – Impact assessment
... • ISO 14040 definition: calculation of the magnitude of category indicator results to reference information • Reference information (over a given period of time): – area (e.g., France, Europe, the world) – person (e.g., a Danish citizen) – product (e.g., the most frequently used product) ...
... • ISO 14040 definition: calculation of the magnitude of category indicator results to reference information • Reference information (over a given period of time): – area (e.g., France, Europe, the world) – person (e.g., a Danish citizen) – product (e.g., the most frequently used product) ...
Climate Change Adaptation Plan
... “And now our world is different. The climate has been permanently altered and is on an escalating vector of change, not because of what we are going to put into the atmosphere in the future but as a consequence of what we have already done”. - Environmental Commissioner of Ontario, 2009/2010 Annual ...
... “And now our world is different. The climate has been permanently altered and is on an escalating vector of change, not because of what we are going to put into the atmosphere in the future but as a consequence of what we have already done”. - Environmental Commissioner of Ontario, 2009/2010 Annual ...
Infrastructure in Washington (PDF)
... River Basin. The model simulated current operating policies for historical streamflow conditions and for projected flow for the 2040s and 2080s associated with the Echam5 global climate model run with the A1B greenhouse gas emissions scenario. For more on climate scenarios, see Section 3 of this rep ...
... River Basin. The model simulated current operating policies for historical streamflow conditions and for projected flow for the 2040s and 2080s associated with the Echam5 global climate model run with the A1B greenhouse gas emissions scenario. For more on climate scenarios, see Section 3 of this rep ...
Business Plan Concept Note Algae Biofuel Feedstock Project Robert Tulip, August 2009
... 99% water over a period of 20 days, based on doubling rates of around two days from input of ten kilograms of algae, in a continuous production system. A proprietary technology will de-water produced algae, enabling transport of concentrated biofuel feedstock in towed trains of polymer bags for ref ...
... 99% water over a period of 20 days, based on doubling rates of around two days from input of ten kilograms of algae, in a continuous production system. A proprietary technology will de-water produced algae, enabling transport of concentrated biofuel feedstock in towed trains of polymer bags for ref ...
Climate change and human health: Spatial modeling of water
... alleviating future malnutrition need to strategically invest beyond areas of current vulnerability, to areas where climate change is projected to shift livelihood zones e in other words, a focus on the moving ‘front-line’ of vulnerability is necessary to mitigate future food insecurity as places tra ...
... alleviating future malnutrition need to strategically invest beyond areas of current vulnerability, to areas where climate change is projected to shift livelihood zones e in other words, a focus on the moving ‘front-line’ of vulnerability is necessary to mitigate future food insecurity as places tra ...
Climate Change Risk Management - American Meteorological Society
... Even in the absence of deep uncertainty over climate change’s consequences—illustrated by the divergence in views among subject matter experts—climate change represents a difficult risk management challenge. Policy responses necessarily integrate both objective information about the climate system a ...
... Even in the absence of deep uncertainty over climate change’s consequences—illustrated by the divergence in views among subject matter experts—climate change represents a difficult risk management challenge. Policy responses necessarily integrate both objective information about the climate system a ...
Status of the international climate change negotiations
... Scientific and political context for climate change negotiations Overview of the negotiations : from Kyoto to Copenhagen Main issues in the post-2012 negotiations Outcomes of Copenhagen and outlook to Cancun UNFCCC secretariat in supporting the negotiations ...
... Scientific and political context for climate change negotiations Overview of the negotiations : from Kyoto to Copenhagen Main issues in the post-2012 negotiations Outcomes of Copenhagen and outlook to Cancun UNFCCC secretariat in supporting the negotiations ...
Cooling of US Midwest summer temperature extremes from cropland
... conserve water for transpiration38 . Evidence from the crop breeding literature also suggests that rooting and transpiration characteristics of cultivars have changed over time in ways that allow for greater evapotranspiration potential (Supplementary Information). The inference of trends towards gr ...
... conserve water for transpiration38 . Evidence from the crop breeding literature also suggests that rooting and transpiration characteristics of cultivars have changed over time in ways that allow for greater evapotranspiration potential (Supplementary Information). The inference of trends towards gr ...
The Response of Precipitation Minus Evapotranspiration to Climate
... can occur over both ocean and land because of changes in the mean circulation and eddies (e.g., Seager et al. 2010; Scheff and Frierson 2012; Huang et al. 2013; Seager et al. 2014a,b). In addition, changes in horizontal temperature gradients, which are neglected by the simple scaling, are important ...
... can occur over both ocean and land because of changes in the mean circulation and eddies (e.g., Seager et al. 2010; Scheff and Frierson 2012; Huang et al. 2013; Seager et al. 2014a,b). In addition, changes in horizontal temperature gradients, which are neglected by the simple scaling, are important ...
The Week That Was: 2015-11-28 (November 28, 2015) Brought to
... The burden of proof for Anthropogenic CC falls on alarmists. Climate Change (CC) has been ongoing for millions of years – long before humans existed on this planet. Obviously, the causes were all of natural origin, and not anthropogenic. There is no reason to believe that these natural causes have s ...
... The burden of proof for Anthropogenic CC falls on alarmists. Climate Change (CC) has been ongoing for millions of years – long before humans existed on this planet. Obviously, the causes were all of natural origin, and not anthropogenic. There is no reason to believe that these natural causes have s ...
Hydrology as a driver of biodiversity: Controls on carrying capacity
... a vital role in structuring and maintaining terrestrial ecosystems [16,65,73]. Hydrology has been shown to play a vital role in structuring terrestrial vegetation, particularly in water-limited ecosystems. In water-limited ecosystems, soil moisture controls the availability of nutrients and limits p ...
... a vital role in structuring and maintaining terrestrial ecosystems [16,65,73]. Hydrology has been shown to play a vital role in structuring terrestrial vegetation, particularly in water-limited ecosystems. In water-limited ecosystems, soil moisture controls the availability of nutrients and limits p ...
ICARUS IV ABSTRACTS
... poverty are shaped by the imperative to do so without increasing global carbon dioxide emissions. Those who perceive a conflict between increasing energy access and confronting climate change promote the sp ...
... poverty are shaped by the imperative to do so without increasing global carbon dioxide emissions. Those who perceive a conflict between increasing energy access and confronting climate change promote the sp ...
the global monsoon systems
... Years (AMY 2007-2012) and the GEWEX/CEOP (Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment/Coordinated Energy and Water Cycle Observations project) have archived both in-situ and satellite data to provide a continuous record of observations that are being used to improve model physics and understand interac ...
... Years (AMY 2007-2012) and the GEWEX/CEOP (Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment/Coordinated Energy and Water Cycle Observations project) have archived both in-situ and satellite data to provide a continuous record of observations that are being used to improve model physics and understand interac ...
The Economics of Climate Change Impacts: A Case Study on
... Although it did not recommend a level at which GHGs should be stabilized, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) found that substantial reductions, well below those required under the Kyoto Protocol, would be required to avoid many adverse impacts of climate change. For example, the ...
... Although it did not recommend a level at which GHGs should be stabilized, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) found that substantial reductions, well below those required under the Kyoto Protocol, would be required to avoid many adverse impacts of climate change. For example, the ...
Nullifying the climate null hypothesis
... periods of years and decades suggests the need for a different null hypothesis. Essentially, one needs to show that the behaviour of the climatic signal is distinct from that generated by natural climate variability in the past, when human effects were negligible, at least on the global scale. . . C ...
... periods of years and decades suggests the need for a different null hypothesis. Essentially, one needs to show that the behaviour of the climatic signal is distinct from that generated by natural climate variability in the past, when human effects were negligible, at least on the global scale. . . C ...
Polar Bears Are Smarter Than Al Gore
... polar bears to believe that “global warming” is going to cause the bear’s extinction, because the science of Arctic climate is very complex, and because there are 20 separate polar bear populations, each with a different dynamic (see map). ...
... polar bears to believe that “global warming” is going to cause the bear’s extinction, because the science of Arctic climate is very complex, and because there are 20 separate polar bear populations, each with a different dynamic (see map). ...
The gains from trade
... countries are making greater sacrifices, is that the increase in the assigned target is less than the increase in BAU. These results are statistically significant. ...
... countries are making greater sacrifices, is that the increase in the assigned target is less than the increase in BAU. These results are statistically significant. ...
Constraining temperature variations over the last
... The model’s climate component is an impulse response-empirical orthogonal function (IRF-EOF) substitute driven by radiative forcing. An IRF for surface-to-deep tracer mixing in combination with an equation describing air–sea heat exchange and the energy balance at the surface (Joos and Bruno 1996) c ...
... The model’s climate component is an impulse response-empirical orthogonal function (IRF-EOF) substitute driven by radiative forcing. An IRF for surface-to-deep tracer mixing in combination with an equation describing air–sea heat exchange and the energy balance at the surface (Joos and Bruno 1996) c ...
Ensemble modeling, uncertainty and robust predictions
... oday, many studies of future climate change take an ensemble modeling approach in which simulations of future conditions are produced with multiple climate models (or model versions), rather than just one. The need for multiple models stems from uncertainty about how to represent the climate system ...
... oday, many studies of future climate change take an ensemble modeling approach in which simulations of future conditions are produced with multiple climate models (or model versions), rather than just one. The need for multiple models stems from uncertainty about how to represent the climate system ...
Forest growth and species distribution in a changing climate
... ecosystems, it is necessary to investigate the response to simultaneous changes in several climatic variables, such as temperature, water availability, and ambient CO2 concentrations. Forest growth can respond to climate change directly, e.g., changes in rates of photosynthesis and respiration in re ...
... ecosystems, it is necessary to investigate the response to simultaneous changes in several climatic variables, such as temperature, water availability, and ambient CO2 concentrations. Forest growth can respond to climate change directly, e.g., changes in rates of photosynthesis and respiration in re ...
April 2013 News - South Asian Dialogues on Ecological Democracy
... sediments -- to reconstruct temperature back through time using a Bayesian statistical approach," Tingley said. "What we are trying to do is put statistical inference of past changes in temperature on a more solid and complete footing.”… Source: http://www.countercurrents.org/cc130413.htm Arctic Wil ...
... sediments -- to reconstruct temperature back through time using a Bayesian statistical approach," Tingley said. "What we are trying to do is put statistical inference of past changes in temperature on a more solid and complete footing.”… Source: http://www.countercurrents.org/cc130413.htm Arctic Wil ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""