Extract
... soils (Jungkunst et al., 2012). Cryosols and peat soils may contain as much as 1,500 petagram C, which is equivalent to the present pool of world soils to 1-meter depth (Batjes, 1996). Thus, the total soil C pool may exceed 4,000 petagram to 3-meter depth. There is a strong need to improve estimates ...
... soils (Jungkunst et al., 2012). Cryosols and peat soils may contain as much as 1,500 petagram C, which is equivalent to the present pool of world soils to 1-meter depth (Batjes, 1996). Thus, the total soil C pool may exceed 4,000 petagram to 3-meter depth. There is a strong need to improve estimates ...
What Role Do Property Rights Play In Climate Change?
... Positive contributions that can be made by planning law policy Having established these limitations of developing UK and EU Planning Law in relation to the protection of property rights from climate change impacts, Professor Willmore began to look at opportunities. To begin with, all Member States ...
... Positive contributions that can be made by planning law policy Having established these limitations of developing UK and EU Planning Law in relation to the protection of property rights from climate change impacts, Professor Willmore began to look at opportunities. To begin with, all Member States ...
Mass v. EPA
... U.S. approach could differ from other climate regimes such as in European Union. U.S. regulators are proposing “command and control” approach to reduce GHGs, mandating both specific technology and operational changes to improve energy efficiency across all sectors. ...
... U.S. approach could differ from other climate regimes such as in European Union. U.S. regulators are proposing “command and control” approach to reduce GHGs, mandating both specific technology and operational changes to improve energy efficiency across all sectors. ...
spline models of contemporary, 2030, 2060 and 2090 climates for
... scenarios point out that mean annual temperature would increase 1.4 °C by year 2030, 2.2 °C by year 2060 and 3.6 °C by year 2090; whereas annual precipitation would decrease 5.6 % by year 2030, 5.9 % by year 2060 and 7.8 % by year 2090. Climate models can be used for inferring plant-climate relation ...
... scenarios point out that mean annual temperature would increase 1.4 °C by year 2030, 2.2 °C by year 2060 and 3.6 °C by year 2090; whereas annual precipitation would decrease 5.6 % by year 2030, 5.9 % by year 2060 and 7.8 % by year 2090. Climate models can be used for inferring plant-climate relation ...
The Role of Forest and Soil Carbon Sequestrations on Climate
... Carbon sequestration can be defined as the removal of CO2 from atmosphere (source) into green plants (sink) where it can be stored indefinitely (Watson et al., 2000). These sinks can be above ground biomass (trees) or living biomass below the ground in soil (roots and micro organisms) or in the deep ...
... Carbon sequestration can be defined as the removal of CO2 from atmosphere (source) into green plants (sink) where it can be stored indefinitely (Watson et al., 2000). These sinks can be above ground biomass (trees) or living biomass below the ground in soil (roots and micro organisms) or in the deep ...
Pronounced subsurface cooling of North Atlantic waters off
... [email protected] (E. Haam), [email protected] (J.S. Sinninghe Damsté). 0012-821X/$ - see front matter & 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.05.018 ...
... [email protected] (E. Haam), [email protected] (J.S. Sinninghe Damsté). 0012-821X/$ - see front matter & 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.05.018 ...
The Impact of Climate Change and Climate Variability on Haze Occurrences in Malaysia/Southeast Asia
... 1997 – 2006, there were two major fires (1997/98, 2006) and two minor episodes (2002, 2004) based on the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED). According to Field et al. (2009), prior to 1997 there were no high-quality or continuous records of fires. Thus in their study, the so-called monthly mean e ...
... 1997 – 2006, there were two major fires (1997/98, 2006) and two minor episodes (2002, 2004) based on the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED). According to Field et al. (2009), prior to 1997 there were no high-quality or continuous records of fires. Thus in their study, the so-called monthly mean e ...
TOL/Yohe
... Discount rate • Stern motivates the discount rate of 0,1 %, cause there are no reason for set different generations to different situation • How willing we are to make sacrifices for future’s generations? ...
... Discount rate • Stern motivates the discount rate of 0,1 %, cause there are no reason for set different generations to different situation • How willing we are to make sacrifices for future’s generations? ...
Call for Abstracts The World Climate Research Programme (WCRP
... Economic Commission for Africa’s Africa Climate Policy Center (ACPC) will host the first ever Pan-Africa Climate Research Conference on 15-18 October, 2013 in Arusha (Tanzania), themed the “Africa Climate Conference 2013: Advancing African Climate Science Research & Knowledge”. The Africa Climate Co ...
... Economic Commission for Africa’s Africa Climate Policy Center (ACPC) will host the first ever Pan-Africa Climate Research Conference on 15-18 October, 2013 in Arusha (Tanzania), themed the “Africa Climate Conference 2013: Advancing African Climate Science Research & Knowledge”. The Africa Climate Co ...
2 Forest soil functions
... CC0242 developed a modelling tool for estimating changes in soil carbon stocks due to changes in land use and management for the National Carbon Dioxide Inventory, although the system was also applied to possible climate impacts using UKCIP02 and HadCM3 scenario data. This showed that, assuming cons ...
... CC0242 developed a modelling tool for estimating changes in soil carbon stocks due to changes in land use and management for the National Carbon Dioxide Inventory, although the system was also applied to possible climate impacts using UKCIP02 and HadCM3 scenario data. This showed that, assuming cons ...
Reef-Guardians-2016-Year-10-Climate-change
... Background information – climate change What is climate change? Gases in the Earth’s atmosphere trap some of the sun’s energy that would otherwise be radiated back into space. This is called the greenhouse effect. This effect keeps the Earth at a temperature suitable for life. Climate change result ...
... Background information – climate change What is climate change? Gases in the Earth’s atmosphere trap some of the sun’s energy that would otherwise be radiated back into space. This is called the greenhouse effect. This effect keeps the Earth at a temperature suitable for life. Climate change result ...
... and nutrients) and momentum. For these reasons, the use of environmental temperature indices obtainable by satellite or global observatories [such as sea surface temperature (SST) and air temperature (Ta)] as proxies for body temperature (Tb) require explicit validation, even as relative indicators ...
new zealand`s greenhouse gas inventory 1990–2013 snapshot
... continues to improve the efficiency of its agricultural production, which resulted in a decreasing intensity of emissions from the agriculture sector. When considering atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, CO2 presents a long term challenge because it persists in the atmosphere for thousan ...
... continues to improve the efficiency of its agricultural production, which resulted in a decreasing intensity of emissions from the agriculture sector. When considering atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, CO2 presents a long term challenge because it persists in the atmosphere for thousan ...
Small Business Sector - American Sustainable Business Council
... Business Administration, up to 90 percent of small businesses get the majority of their business from within two miles of their front doors.4 This makes small businesses more vulnerable to loss compared to larger companies that have backup resources at alternate facilities or branch locations. As a ...
... Business Administration, up to 90 percent of small businesses get the majority of their business from within two miles of their front doors.4 This makes small businesses more vulnerable to loss compared to larger companies that have backup resources at alternate facilities or branch locations. As a ...
Geoengineering and the Accusation of Hubris
... 1. Introduction The problem of climate change caused by anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases has been known for decades, but global emissions of carbon-dioxide have not been reduced. In the light of this seemingly widespread unwillingness to change human behavioural patterns, considerations i ...
... 1. Introduction The problem of climate change caused by anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases has been known for decades, but global emissions of carbon-dioxide have not been reduced. In the light of this seemingly widespread unwillingness to change human behavioural patterns, considerations i ...
Impacts of climate change on European marine ecosystems
... issue; Wernberg et al., 2011-this issue; all this volume). During the last 10–15 years, sea water temperatures throughout much of the globe have changed at unprecedented rates: sea ice cover in the Arctic is rapidly disappearing; melting of glaciers and the Greenland ice cap is accelerating; the vol ...
... issue; Wernberg et al., 2011-this issue; all this volume). During the last 10–15 years, sea water temperatures throughout much of the globe have changed at unprecedented rates: sea ice cover in the Arctic is rapidly disappearing; melting of glaciers and the Greenland ice cap is accelerating; the vol ...
The Relation Between Net Carbon Emissions
... such as removing carbon dioxide from the air and cooling it for transport to some place for some other purpose (dry ice is an example) or as the result of natural processes or human-induced activities with unintended consequences. The warming of dry ice would, for example, return the carbon to the a ...
... such as removing carbon dioxide from the air and cooling it for transport to some place for some other purpose (dry ice is an example) or as the result of natural processes or human-induced activities with unintended consequences. The warming of dry ice would, for example, return the carbon to the a ...
Expert Opinion on Climate Change and Threats
... in progress, dialogue with informed colleagues, and other up-to-the-minute information. We show that scientists with differing degrees of knowledge about climate change predict differing amounts and different biological consequences of climate change, and we argue that the opinions of the most knowl ...
... in progress, dialogue with informed colleagues, and other up-to-the-minute information. We show that scientists with differing degrees of knowledge about climate change predict differing amounts and different biological consequences of climate change, and we argue that the opinions of the most knowl ...
Geoengineering and the Accusation of Hubris
... 1. Introduction The problem of climate change caused by anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases has been known for decades, but global emissions of carbon-dioxide have not been reduced. In the light of this seemingly widespread unwillingness to change human behavioural patterns, considerations i ...
... 1. Introduction The problem of climate change caused by anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases has been known for decades, but global emissions of carbon-dioxide have not been reduced. In the light of this seemingly widespread unwillingness to change human behavioural patterns, considerations i ...
Full-Text PDF
... these general characteristics will persist until the current interglacial ends. If the sea bottom warms, possibly in response to global climate change, there could be a significant reduction to complete loss of GH stability, especially on the shallow parts of the continental shelf. The interglacial ...
... these general characteristics will persist until the current interglacial ends. If the sea bottom warms, possibly in response to global climate change, there could be a significant reduction to complete loss of GH stability, especially on the shallow parts of the continental shelf. The interglacial ...
Australian Species and Climate Change - WWF
... The threat of climate change Fire is an important natural component of the ecology of many Australian terrestrial ecosystems, including those inhabited by bilbies. A primary source of food for the bilby comes from plants that rely on occasional burning to thrive. The traditional use of fire for land ...
... The threat of climate change Fire is an important natural component of the ecology of many Australian terrestrial ecosystems, including those inhabited by bilbies. A primary source of food for the bilby comes from plants that rely on occasional burning to thrive. The traditional use of fire for land ...
Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change for the
... Prior to European settlement,the Southeast was dominated by upland forests, grasslands,and wetlands. Nearly one-third of the region may have been wetland (Dahl,1990),but by 1990, wetlands had been reduced to about 16% of the southeastern landscape (Hefner, et.al.,1994). A wide range of ecosystem typ ...
... Prior to European settlement,the Southeast was dominated by upland forests, grasslands,and wetlands. Nearly one-third of the region may have been wetland (Dahl,1990),but by 1990, wetlands had been reduced to about 16% of the southeastern landscape (Hefner, et.al.,1994). A wide range of ecosystem typ ...
- Covenant University
... foreign policy. The ‘people in power’ muse it and hype a connection to the understanding of the challenge; but it has not yet become a clear and applicable policy, either at the domestic or global level. What should be Nigeria’s foreign policy towards the African and global climate change? What shou ...
... foreign policy. The ‘people in power’ muse it and hype a connection to the understanding of the challenge; but it has not yet become a clear and applicable policy, either at the domestic or global level. What should be Nigeria’s foreign policy towards the African and global climate change? What shou ...
Financing adaptation
... costs of activities that provide benefits to the global environment. All other costs that confer benefits locally/nationally are considered to be baseline and must be covered from other sources. The concept of incremental costs is challenging and the costs are often difficult to estimate with the fu ...
... costs of activities that provide benefits to the global environment. All other costs that confer benefits locally/nationally are considered to be baseline and must be covered from other sources. The concept of incremental costs is challenging and the costs are often difficult to estimate with the fu ...
PDF
... comparable to that of CMIP3 models, with some improvement noted for individual models. Previous projections of NA climate change (e.g., CMIP3) have been evaluated as part of earlier climate assessments (Solomon et al. 2007). The CMIP3 consensus projection indicated that, by 2080–99, annual mean temp ...
... comparable to that of CMIP3 models, with some improvement noted for individual models. Previous projections of NA climate change (e.g., CMIP3) have been evaluated as part of earlier climate assessments (Solomon et al. 2007). The CMIP3 consensus projection indicated that, by 2080–99, annual mean temp ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""