Climate change and its gendered impacts on agriculture in Vietnam
... cause of climate change is the increase of Green House Gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere as a negative result of human activities such as burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) for energy. “According to research by international experts, Vietnam contributes modestly to GHG emissions that cause climat ...
... cause of climate change is the increase of Green House Gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere as a negative result of human activities such as burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) for energy. “According to research by international experts, Vietnam contributes modestly to GHG emissions that cause climat ...
Assessing the Impacts of Climate Change on Urban Forests in the
... Climate change can create both challenges and opportunities for sustaining urban forests. A critical appraisal of climate impacts is important for successful restoration and conservation of urban forests and provision of their ecosystem services in a changing climate. Limited information is availabl ...
... Climate change can create both challenges and opportunities for sustaining urban forests. A critical appraisal of climate impacts is important for successful restoration and conservation of urban forests and provision of their ecosystem services in a changing climate. Limited information is availabl ...
text_2ed_rev - Department of the Geophysical Sciences
... response to some change in forcing, but even harder to predict how quickly it will change (Chapter 12). Carbon, Energy, and Climate Climate change from fossil fuel combustion is arguably the most challenging environmental issue human kind has ever faced, because CO2 emission is at the heart of how w ...
... response to some change in forcing, but even harder to predict how quickly it will change (Chapter 12). Carbon, Energy, and Climate Climate change from fossil fuel combustion is arguably the most challenging environmental issue human kind has ever faced, because CO2 emission is at the heart of how w ...
Where We Are Now - Edinburgh Research Explorer
... Secondly, I am not suggesting that further work is unnecessary on those questions that are already debated at length in the collection. These include the distribution of the burdens of mitigating or adapting to climate change. In particular, more discussion is needed on whether individuals can be re ...
... Secondly, I am not suggesting that further work is unnecessary on those questions that are already debated at length in the collection. These include the distribution of the burdens of mitigating or adapting to climate change. In particular, more discussion is needed on whether individuals can be re ...
AnT-ERA
... Stresses on Antarctic ecosystems result from global climate change, including extreme events, and from other human impacts. Consequently, Antarctic ecosystems are changing, some at a rapid pace while others are relatively stable. A cascade of responses from molecular through organismic to the commun ...
... Stresses on Antarctic ecosystems result from global climate change, including extreme events, and from other human impacts. Consequently, Antarctic ecosystems are changing, some at a rapid pace while others are relatively stable. A cascade of responses from molecular through organismic to the commun ...
Climate Change and San Francisco Bay-Delta Tidal
... Increasing temperatures will act globally, regionally, and locally to affect wetlands (Figure 1). For example, temperature increases that drive both thermal expansion of the world’s oceans and melting of terrestrial ice sheets are believed to be primarily responsible for increases in rate of global ...
... Increasing temperatures will act globally, regionally, and locally to affect wetlands (Figure 1). For example, temperature increases that drive both thermal expansion of the world’s oceans and melting of terrestrial ice sheets are believed to be primarily responsible for increases in rate of global ...
The influence of constrained fossil fuel emissions scenarios on
... must consider the intrinsic or “structural” uncertainty of hydrology (and climate in general), which may be more appropriately represented by a stochastic approach. The point of structural uncertainty was also made by Koutsoyiannis (2010), who demonstrated that even a simple deterministic “toy” clim ...
... must consider the intrinsic or “structural” uncertainty of hydrology (and climate in general), which may be more appropriately represented by a stochastic approach. The point of structural uncertainty was also made by Koutsoyiannis (2010), who demonstrated that even a simple deterministic “toy” clim ...
Atlases Give Global Snapshot of Oceans in the 1990s
... properties associated with all of the major features of the ocean circulation; the large-scale effects of biological processes; and evidence of ocean exchanges with the atmosphere, cryosphere, and solid Earth. ...
... properties associated with all of the major features of the ocean circulation; the large-scale effects of biological processes; and evidence of ocean exchanges with the atmosphere, cryosphere, and solid Earth. ...
CHAPTER 9 POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE FOR THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST
... national average. Growth has been strongly concentrated in the major western metropolitan areas and in the smaller but fast-growing inland cities of Boise and Spokane (Jackson and Kimmerling,1993). Federal lands comprise roughly half the region’s land area.1 The region’s environment presents a great ...
... national average. Growth has been strongly concentrated in the major western metropolitan areas and in the smaller but fast-growing inland cities of Boise and Spokane (Jackson and Kimmerling,1993). Federal lands comprise roughly half the region’s land area.1 The region’s environment presents a great ...
Guide to new specification
... Candidates should be able to: demonstrate and describe ethical, safe and skilful practical techniques and processes, selecting appropriate qualitative and quantitative methods. make, record and communicate reliable and valid observations and measurements with appropriate precision and accuracy. ...
... Candidates should be able to: demonstrate and describe ethical, safe and skilful practical techniques and processes, selecting appropriate qualitative and quantitative methods. make, record and communicate reliable and valid observations and measurements with appropriate precision and accuracy. ...
the wmo voluntary observing ship programme
... Climate is subject to variations on all timescales, from seasons to decades and beyond. The best known of these variations is associated with the ENSO phenomenon. This shift or seesaw of atmospheric pressure across the equatorial Pacific Ocean occurs irregularly, roughly every two to seven years and ...
... Climate is subject to variations on all timescales, from seasons to decades and beyond. The best known of these variations is associated with the ENSO phenomenon. This shift or seesaw of atmospheric pressure across the equatorial Pacific Ocean occurs irregularly, roughly every two to seven years and ...
a pre-publication version here.
... change steadily rose on the policy agenda of nations, regions, states and cities. Ironically, it was also the decade in which the public opinion vacillated on the reality of climate change and its human causation. Public opinion surveys dipped to new lows in the US, the UK, and Australia at the end ...
... change steadily rose on the policy agenda of nations, regions, states and cities. Ironically, it was also the decade in which the public opinion vacillated on the reality of climate change and its human causation. Public opinion surveys dipped to new lows in the US, the UK, and Australia at the end ...
Project Name
... recently adopted by the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the UNFCC and made available to support the implementation of specific adaptation measures, clearly identified as national priorities, to address impacts from climate change. The guidelines require the establishment of “pilot or demonstratio ...
... recently adopted by the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the UNFCC and made available to support the implementation of specific adaptation measures, clearly identified as national priorities, to address impacts from climate change. The guidelines require the establishment of “pilot or demonstratio ...
Climate Change and the Historic Environment
... available since 1850.The linear warming trend over the last 50 years is nearly twice that for the last 100 years, with average global surface temperature rising by 0.74°C between 1906 and 2005. • Widespread changes in extreme temperatures have been observed over the last 50 years. Cold days, cold n ...
... available since 1850.The linear warming trend over the last 50 years is nearly twice that for the last 100 years, with average global surface temperature rising by 0.74°C between 1906 and 2005. • Widespread changes in extreme temperatures have been observed over the last 50 years. Cold days, cold n ...
Emergent Properties of Scale in Global Environmental Modeling
... into their logical contexts (scales) so that the observer=modeler can see structures arise from them for the first time. The stochastic interaction among low-level elements that gives rise to emergent properties may be part of a larger process of self-organization in hierarchical systems. Self-organ ...
... into their logical contexts (scales) so that the observer=modeler can see structures arise from them for the first time. The stochastic interaction among low-level elements that gives rise to emergent properties may be part of a larger process of self-organization in hierarchical systems. Self-organ ...
PDF
... to reduce green house gas emissions suggested by various bodies such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). According to Evans et al. (2011), research and development was proposed to support the strategies in enabling the agricultural sector to respond to climate change. Science’s ...
... to reduce green house gas emissions suggested by various bodies such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). According to Evans et al. (2011), research and development was proposed to support the strategies in enabling the agricultural sector to respond to climate change. Science’s ...
Future climate in world regions - the IPCC Data Distribution Centre
... In its Third Assessment Report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concluded that the global average surface air temperature has increased by 0.6 ± 0.2 °C during the 20th century, which is likely to be the largest rise of any century during the past 1000 years (IPCC, 2001a). Moreover, it ...
... In its Third Assessment Report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concluded that the global average surface air temperature has increased by 0.6 ± 0.2 °C during the 20th century, which is likely to be the largest rise of any century during the past 1000 years (IPCC, 2001a). Moreover, it ...
Climate Change and the World Council of Churches
... Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Once the UNFCCC was ratified by a sufficient number of countries, the major annual implementation negotiating sessions began at the Conferences of the Parties to the UNFCCC (COPs). A delegation of the WCC was present at all COPs and at many of them, the WCC acc ...
... Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Once the UNFCCC was ratified by a sufficient number of countries, the major annual implementation negotiating sessions began at the Conferences of the Parties to the UNFCCC (COPs). A delegation of the WCC was present at all COPs and at many of them, the WCC acc ...
Metabolic theory explains latitudinal variation in common carp
... also alter life history traits. However, predicting population-level responses to climate change has been difficult. Metabolic theory of ecology has been developed to explain how metabolism controls a variety of ecological processes, including life history attributes. Thus, this theory may be a usef ...
... also alter life history traits. However, predicting population-level responses to climate change has been difficult. Metabolic theory of ecology has been developed to explain how metabolism controls a variety of ecological processes, including life history attributes. Thus, this theory may be a usef ...
What do realists think about climate change?
... Realism is one of the oldest theories of international relations (IR) that has done much to explain why states go to war, and how states respond to potential threats. The threat of climate change, however, is relatively new. Climate change has become a major talking point on the international politi ...
... Realism is one of the oldest theories of international relations (IR) that has done much to explain why states go to war, and how states respond to potential threats. The threat of climate change, however, is relatively new. Climate change has become a major talking point on the international politi ...
Coastal resources
... Increased risk of disease Damage/loss of fisheries infrastructure General loss of biodiversity Submergence/inundation of coastal areas ...
... Increased risk of disease Damage/loss of fisheries infrastructure General loss of biodiversity Submergence/inundation of coastal areas ...
Theoretical mechanism for natural radiative forcing of El Nino
... Shindell, D.T., Schmidt, G.A., Miller, R., Mann, M.E., Volcanic and Solar forcing of Climate Change During the Pre-Industrial era, Journal of Climate, 16, 4094-4107, 2003. ...
... Shindell, D.T., Schmidt, G.A., Miller, R., Mann, M.E., Volcanic and Solar forcing of Climate Change During the Pre-Industrial era, Journal of Climate, 16, 4094-4107, 2003. ...
Current and Projected Climate Change Impacts for the Colorado
... (Wyoming) have been hypothesized to be due to a variety of factors, including increased elk populations and subsequently increased browsing pressure, changes in climate and hydrology (e.g., reduced precipitation), and/or declines in native beaver resulting in changed water dynamics (e.g., shifting s ...
... (Wyoming) have been hypothesized to be due to a variety of factors, including increased elk populations and subsequently increased browsing pressure, changes in climate and hydrology (e.g., reduced precipitation), and/or declines in native beaver resulting in changed water dynamics (e.g., shifting s ...
the results of the scientific congress
... beyond the patterns of natural variability within which contemporary society and economy have developed and thrived. These indicators include global mean surface temperature, sea-level rise, global ocean temperature, Arctic sea ice extent, ocean acidification, and extreme climatic events. With unaba ...
... beyond the patterns of natural variability within which contemporary society and economy have developed and thrived. These indicators include global mean surface temperature, sea-level rise, global ocean temperature, Arctic sea ice extent, ocean acidification, and extreme climatic events. With unaba ...
Understanding Uncertainties in Future Colorado River Streamflow
... concentrations translate to larger temperature increases especially in the latter part of the 21st century. ...
... concentrations translate to larger temperature increases especially in the latter part of the 21st century. ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""