Paris Agreement in practice: what next for Africa and developing
... often neglected in national and international policy development. The current institutional and policy frameworks in Africa are not designed to cope with the cross-cutting nature of climate change, so stakeholders believe it is important to establish a coordinated approach both within African countr ...
... often neglected in national and international policy development. The current institutional and policy frameworks in Africa are not designed to cope with the cross-cutting nature of climate change, so stakeholders believe it is important to establish a coordinated approach both within African countr ...
Trophic amplification of climate warming
... plankton is retained on a moving band of silk gauze of mesh size 270 mm that is slowly wound into a tank of formalin. In the laboratory the silk gauze is cut into sections (a CPR sample), each representing the plankton from 3 m3 of water taken during 10 nautical miles (18 km) of tow at an average de ...
... plankton is retained on a moving band of silk gauze of mesh size 270 mm that is slowly wound into a tank of formalin. In the laboratory the silk gauze is cut into sections (a CPR sample), each representing the plankton from 3 m3 of water taken during 10 nautical miles (18 km) of tow at an average de ...
View/Download - National Gender and Equality Commission
... a) Inclusive Women and Youth platform to the climate change negotiations in the implementation of the Paris Agreement in Africa The participants noted that there is progress in promoting gender responsive climate change policies and dialogues within the climate change agreements, e.g., gender was ma ...
... a) Inclusive Women and Youth platform to the climate change negotiations in the implementation of the Paris Agreement in Africa The participants noted that there is progress in promoting gender responsive climate change policies and dialogues within the climate change agreements, e.g., gender was ma ...
Warming Impact—Disease - Open Evidence Archive
... Climate change is really happening now. The average global surface temperature has warmed by 0.8_C in the past century and 0.6_C in the past three decades (Hansen et al. 2006), in large part because of human activities (IPCC 2001). A recent report produced by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences co ...
... Climate change is really happening now. The average global surface temperature has warmed by 0.8_C in the past century and 0.6_C in the past three decades (Hansen et al. 2006), in large part because of human activities (IPCC 2001). A recent report produced by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences co ...
Climate Change, Agriculture and Aid for Trade
... not only is the agricultural sector highly vulnerable to climate change, it is also one of the most distorted and heavily influenced by a wide range of local, regional, national and international trade policies. The increased stress to the system brought about by climate ch ...
... not only is the agricultural sector highly vulnerable to climate change, it is also one of the most distorted and heavily influenced by a wide range of local, regional, national and international trade policies. The increased stress to the system brought about by climate ch ...
(Un)Natural Disasters: Communicating Linkages Between Extreme
... the risk of such extreme heat – the best estimate is that it made it four times more likely (Stott et al, 2004). These early studies laid the foundations of the techniques for using climate models to analyse the linkages between extreme weather events and human-induced climate change. Many subsequen ...
... the risk of such extreme heat – the best estimate is that it made it four times more likely (Stott et al, 2004). These early studies laid the foundations of the techniques for using climate models to analyse the linkages between extreme weather events and human-induced climate change. Many subsequen ...
Vulnerability to climate change of marine and coastal fisheries in
... advantage of these concentrations and targets reproductive adults, which results in a collapse of the fishery since there is site fidelity during spawning every year (Colin, 1996; Luckhurst, 1998). Grouper fishery represents the fishery with most value in southeastern México, but it is also vulnerab ...
... advantage of these concentrations and targets reproductive adults, which results in a collapse of the fishery since there is site fidelity during spawning every year (Colin, 1996; Luckhurst, 1998). Grouper fishery represents the fishery with most value in southeastern México, but it is also vulnerab ...
Forests synchronize their growth in contrasting Eurasian regions in
... (SI Appendix, Tables S2 and S3), indicating that the increasing synchrony in tree growth is a widespread ecological phenomenon, although regionally dependent. Synchrony estimates could be sensitive to the number of available chronologies, a number that has decreased progressively in the most recent ...
... (SI Appendix, Tables S2 and S3), indicating that the increasing synchrony in tree growth is a widespread ecological phenomenon, although regionally dependent. Synchrony estimates could be sensitive to the number of available chronologies, a number that has decreased progressively in the most recent ...
6 Climate change impacts, adaptation measures and vulnerability
... adaptation measures as such. By the end of 2012, 16 out of 18 regions had published a climate strategy, which included a certain degree of adaptation as well. In 2012, approximately 40 per cent of municipalities were undertaking systematic climate actions and, although their focus has been on climat ...
... adaptation measures as such. By the end of 2012, 16 out of 18 regions had published a climate strategy, which included a certain degree of adaptation as well. In 2012, approximately 40 per cent of municipalities were undertaking systematic climate actions and, although their focus has been on climat ...
States (and Cities) as Actors in Global Climate Regulation: Unitary
... northeastern and mid-Atlantic States (possibly to be joined by California7) responsible for more emissions than all of Germany,8 has agreed to reduce CO2 emissions through a regional cap-and-trade program for power plants.9 In 2006, Arizona and New Mexico launched the Southwest Climate Change Initia ...
... northeastern and mid-Atlantic States (possibly to be joined by California7) responsible for more emissions than all of Germany,8 has agreed to reduce CO2 emissions through a regional cap-and-trade program for power plants.9 In 2006, Arizona and New Mexico launched the Southwest Climate Change Initia ...
Williamson, Craig E., Jennifer A. Brentrup, Jing Zhang, William H
... Sentinel responses have important ecological consequences, defined here as responses that involve living organisms that inform us about how climate change alters ecosystem structure and function. Here we use this simple framework to develop and apply a suite of DOC-related climate forcing optical in ...
... Sentinel responses have important ecological consequences, defined here as responses that involve living organisms that inform us about how climate change alters ecosystem structure and function. Here we use this simple framework to develop and apply a suite of DOC-related climate forcing optical in ...
Preliminary Analysis of Climate Change in the Cariboo
... range of climate change projected by 96 simulations produced by 15 different GCMs, each of which applied both low and high greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. These plots allow readers to see the change projected by the majority of models and the range amongst models, and to contrast the changes pr ...
... range of climate change projected by 96 simulations produced by 15 different GCMs, each of which applied both low and high greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. These plots allow readers to see the change projected by the majority of models and the range amongst models, and to contrast the changes pr ...
Australian rangelands and climate change – pastoral production
... available natural resource (i.e. soil and vegetation) to grazing and a fundamental recognition of the requirement for conservative use of these available resources through time. Thus, various and mixed management tactics may be applied but these are underpinned by such sentiments as ‘managing for ev ...
... available natural resource (i.e. soil and vegetation) to grazing and a fundamental recognition of the requirement for conservative use of these available resources through time. Thus, various and mixed management tactics may be applied but these are underpinned by such sentiments as ‘managing for ev ...
Enhancing the relevance of Shared Socioeconomic Pathways for
... 3 Global scenarios of the past decade and their use and shortcomings for IAV analyses Over the past decade, several global scenario sets for global environmental assessments were developed (van Vuuren et al. 2012a) such as the IPCC SRES (Nakicenovic et al. 2000), the Global Environmental Outlook sce ...
... 3 Global scenarios of the past decade and their use and shortcomings for IAV analyses Over the past decade, several global scenario sets for global environmental assessments were developed (van Vuuren et al. 2012a) such as the IPCC SRES (Nakicenovic et al. 2000), the Global Environmental Outlook sce ...
Challenges of a Sustained Climate Observing System
... components and forcings are increasingly needed for planning and informed decision making related to climate services in the broadest sense. Although significant progress has been made, much more remains to be done before a fully functional and dependable climate observing system exists. Observation ...
... components and forcings are increasingly needed for planning and informed decision making related to climate services in the broadest sense. Although significant progress has been made, much more remains to be done before a fully functional and dependable climate observing system exists. Observation ...
Oxfam Education Session 5: adapting to climate change Age range
... Floods have been always been a part of life here. But in recent years the annual monsoon rains have become less predictable and much heavier. Many people believe that this is a result of climate change. In Bangladesh it is usually women who collect water and fuel, grow and prepare food, and care for ...
... Floods have been always been a part of life here. But in recent years the annual monsoon rains have become less predictable and much heavier. Many people believe that this is a result of climate change. In Bangladesh it is usually women who collect water and fuel, grow and prepare food, and care for ...
How does climate change cause extinction?
... extinction for terrestrial species [28], and loss of habitat for freshwater species or life stages [29,30]. There may also be synergistic effects between heat and drought stress (e.g. in trees [31]). Changing precipitation may be more important to some species than changing temperature, sometimes le ...
... extinction for terrestrial species [28], and loss of habitat for freshwater species or life stages [29,30]. There may also be synergistic effects between heat and drought stress (e.g. in trees [31]). Changing precipitation may be more important to some species than changing temperature, sometimes le ...
Confronting Climate Change in California
... by 2100. [See The International Consensus on Climate Change, page 12.] The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a group of more than 500 scientists who reviewed the scientific literature on climate variability and change, concluded in 1995 that warming by 2100 will range between 2° and ...
... by 2100. [See The International Consensus on Climate Change, page 12.] The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a group of more than 500 scientists who reviewed the scientific literature on climate variability and change, concluded in 1995 that warming by 2100 will range between 2° and ...
Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments: COG Home
... – Preserves option of treating gases separately at the “cause or contribute” stage – Risks associated with climate change (i.e., the endangerment) are not evaluated on a gasby-gas basis in the scientific literature – UNFCCC ultimate objective is for stabilization of GHG concentrations in the atmosph ...
... – Preserves option of treating gases separately at the “cause or contribute” stage – Risks associated with climate change (i.e., the endangerment) are not evaluated on a gasby-gas basis in the scientific literature – UNFCCC ultimate objective is for stabilization of GHG concentrations in the atmosph ...
changing risks in changing climate
... lead to similar changes in atmospheric GHGs concentrations. Future impact can be shaped by regionally-modeled future projections in demography, land-use and other socio-economic changes (Figure I). Development plans from municipalities, regional or national governments can provide exposure and vulne ...
... lead to similar changes in atmospheric GHGs concentrations. Future impact can be shaped by regionally-modeled future projections in demography, land-use and other socio-economic changes (Figure I). Development plans from municipalities, regional or national governments can provide exposure and vulne ...
Indonesia Second National Communication Under The United
... The emission estimates in the SNC are lower than those reported by a 2007 PEACE, World Bank and DFID study, which suggested Indonesia to be the 3rd largest emitter country. The study estimated that the total emission from Indonesia was about 3,014,000 Gg CO2 where LUCF contributed about 85% or about ...
... The emission estimates in the SNC are lower than those reported by a 2007 PEACE, World Bank and DFID study, which suggested Indonesia to be the 3rd largest emitter country. The study estimated that the total emission from Indonesia was about 3,014,000 Gg CO2 where LUCF contributed about 85% or about ...
Student Sheet 1.2: Where on Earth?
... ocean or other body of water, such as a nearby lake. Low air pressure at the center of the hurricane draws water up into a hill that is higher than sea level, and hurricane winds push the hill of water forward, causing it to grow even taller. In other words, the size of the storm surge is determined ...
... ocean or other body of water, such as a nearby lake. Low air pressure at the center of the hurricane draws water up into a hill that is higher than sea level, and hurricane winds push the hill of water forward, causing it to grow even taller. In other words, the size of the storm surge is determined ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""