Effects of Climate Change in Amphibians and Reptiles
... share ecological traits, life histories or demographic traits such as: 1) high habitat specialization, 2) reduced population size, 3) long generation time, 4) fluctuating abundance, 5) low reproductive rate, and 6) complex life cycles. These characteristics suit species more vulnerable to threats (R ...
... share ecological traits, life histories or demographic traits such as: 1) high habitat specialization, 2) reduced population size, 3) long generation time, 4) fluctuating abundance, 5) low reproductive rate, and 6) complex life cycles. These characteristics suit species more vulnerable to threats (R ...
How to Avoid Dangerous Climate Change
... global average temperature will rise with increasing atmospheric concentrations of heat-trapping gases. There are a number of natural “feedback” mechanisms built into the climate system that can amplify or dampen warming trends, and many of these are not yet fully understood. The likely range of cli ...
... global average temperature will rise with increasing atmospheric concentrations of heat-trapping gases. There are a number of natural “feedback” mechanisms built into the climate system that can amplify or dampen warming trends, and many of these are not yet fully understood. The likely range of cli ...
Poverty and climate change: assessing impacts in developing
... There is wide academic consensus that global warming is occurring due to the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group’s Fifth Report; Climate change 2001 : impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability, predicts an average global temperature ...
... There is wide academic consensus that global warming is occurring due to the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group’s Fifth Report; Climate change 2001 : impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability, predicts an average global temperature ...
WMO Statement on the State of the Global Climate in
... above the pre-industrial period, which is 0.06 °C above the previous record set in 2015. This increase in global temperature is consistent with other changes in the climate system. Globally averaged sea-surface temperatures were also the warmest on record; global sea levels continued to rise; and Ar ...
... above the pre-industrial period, which is 0.06 °C above the previous record set in 2015. This increase in global temperature is consistent with other changes in the climate system. Globally averaged sea-surface temperatures were also the warmest on record; global sea levels continued to rise; and Ar ...
Business development meeting
... • Very low confidence that annual and seasonal rainfall totals have changed in either direction over the past 50 years, but also very low confidence that there has been no change; • Very low confidence regarding changes in rainfall extremes (due to limited evidence & rarity of such events); • High c ...
... • Very low confidence that annual and seasonal rainfall totals have changed in either direction over the past 50 years, but also very low confidence that there has been no change; • Very low confidence regarding changes in rainfall extremes (due to limited evidence & rarity of such events); • High c ...
As Goes The Arctic, So Goes The Planet
... 2007, sea ice extent fell to its lowest level in recorded history, and according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, that record was almost matched in 2008. Arctic communities rely on sea ice for hunting, fishing, and other activities necessary for survival. Sea ice also serves as a platform ...
... 2007, sea ice extent fell to its lowest level in recorded history, and according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, that record was almost matched in 2008. Arctic communities rely on sea ice for hunting, fishing, and other activities necessary for survival. Sea ice also serves as a platform ...
Climate Change Adaptation Roadmap
... same time undermining the capacity of our domestic installations to support training activities.” The third National Climate Assessment notes that certain types of weather events have become more freque ...
... same time undermining the capacity of our domestic installations to support training activities.” The third National Climate Assessment notes that certain types of weather events have become more freque ...
Steady decline of east Asian monsoon winds, 1969
... gradient between the land and ocean actually decreased rather than increased during the recent decades. The combination of the strong warming over the ocean and the cooling in south-central China has contributed to the suppression of the EA summer monsoon, as seen in the reduction of wind speed. A r ...
... gradient between the land and ocean actually decreased rather than increased during the recent decades. The combination of the strong warming over the ocean and the cooling in south-central China has contributed to the suppression of the EA summer monsoon, as seen in the reduction of wind speed. A r ...
PDF
... we neither make temperature a state variable nor do we model CO2 concentrations in the oceans explicitly. The first simplification does not permit us to capture the delay between a radiative forcing increase and a temperature increase (caused by feedback processes). The second simplification replace ...
... we neither make temperature a state variable nor do we model CO2 concentrations in the oceans explicitly. The first simplification does not permit us to capture the delay between a radiative forcing increase and a temperature increase (caused by feedback processes). The second simplification replace ...
Arctic Academy Programme (ARKTIKO) 2014 – 2018 Project
... activities including oil production and transport. The risks of accidental oil spills have therefore increased significantly in the Arctic region. The cold and windy climate, ice-affected waters and logistic challenges make oil-spill response demanding in Arctic regions. In the case of large spills, ...
... activities including oil production and transport. The risks of accidental oil spills have therefore increased significantly in the Arctic region. The cold and windy climate, ice-affected waters and logistic challenges make oil-spill response demanding in Arctic regions. In the case of large spills, ...
1. Climate Change and Insect Pest Distribution Range, Andrea
... Insects are highly sensitive to increases in temperature because of their ectothermic lifestyle, in particular species inhabiting high-latitude environments (Deutsch et al., 2008). Several life history traits, such as survival, growth rate and voltinism, are likely to change in a warmer environment. ...
... Insects are highly sensitive to increases in temperature because of their ectothermic lifestyle, in particular species inhabiting high-latitude environments (Deutsch et al., 2008). Several life history traits, such as survival, growth rate and voltinism, are likely to change in a warmer environment. ...
(GHG) mitigation within the Agriculture and Forestry
... in changes in some climate extremes. This evidence for human influence has grown since the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC i. ‘Warming of the Climate System is unequivocal and some observed changes are unprecedented on time scales of decades to millennia. Changes have been widely observed on lan ...
... in changes in some climate extremes. This evidence for human influence has grown since the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC i. ‘Warming of the Climate System is unequivocal and some observed changes are unprecedented on time scales of decades to millennia. Changes have been widely observed on lan ...
Public Understanding of Climate Change in the United States
... limate change” is the name given to a set of physical phenomena and of a public policy issue, sometimes also referred to as “global warming,” even though climate change involves much more than warming. This article describes the development of scientific and public understanding1 of climate change i ...
... limate change” is the name given to a set of physical phenomena and of a public policy issue, sometimes also referred to as “global warming,” even though climate change involves much more than warming. This article describes the development of scientific and public understanding1 of climate change i ...
2 Andean montane forests and climate change
... taxa at the LGM. The moist air adiabatic lapse rate (Chapter 10)Ðevident on the Andean ¯ankÐprovides a means to translate this vegetational movement into a change in temperature. Modern lapse rates vary according to local humidity, ranging between 5.5 C and 6.2 C (Witte, 1994) in Colombia, and c. ...
... taxa at the LGM. The moist air adiabatic lapse rate (Chapter 10)Ðevident on the Andean ¯ankÐprovides a means to translate this vegetational movement into a change in temperature. Modern lapse rates vary according to local humidity, ranging between 5.5 C and 6.2 C (Witte, 1994) in Colombia, and c. ...
Climate Finance Briefing: Small Island Developing States
... he Small Island Developing States (SIDS) together bear little responsibility for climate change, but their geographical, socioeconomic and climate profiles make them particularly vulnerable to its impacts. Spread across three regions, the 39 SIDS nations have received USD 1085 million from the dedic ...
... he Small Island Developing States (SIDS) together bear little responsibility for climate change, but their geographical, socioeconomic and climate profiles make them particularly vulnerable to its impacts. Spread across three regions, the 39 SIDS nations have received USD 1085 million from the dedic ...
Public perception of cold weather events as evidence for
... Perceived personal experience of climate consequences can also bring about acceptance of climate change as a genuine concern (Myers et al. 2013; Spence et al. 2011). Consistent with work on the perception of environmental risks more generally, is the idea that people apply the evidence of their own ...
... Perceived personal experience of climate consequences can also bring about acceptance of climate change as a genuine concern (Myers et al. 2013; Spence et al. 2011). Consistent with work on the perception of environmental risks more generally, is the idea that people apply the evidence of their own ...
Livestock and climate change - CGSpace
... more effectively with impending droughts and floods. The IPCC’s Fourth Assessment Report of 2007 noted substantial barriers, limits, and costs to adaptation and mitigation in agriculture, also that many of these were not yet fully understood, let alone quantified. Much needs to be done, particularly ...
... more effectively with impending droughts and floods. The IPCC’s Fourth Assessment Report of 2007 noted substantial barriers, limits, and costs to adaptation and mitigation in agriculture, also that many of these were not yet fully understood, let alone quantified. Much needs to be done, particularly ...
Workplan
... important GHG is nitrous oxide (N2O), mainly from soil and N input to crop and soil systems. Even if nitrous oxide is a small part of the overall GHG emissions (8% at world scale), agriculture is considered to be its major source through soil management and fertilizer use. Nitrous oxide is a chemica ...
... important GHG is nitrous oxide (N2O), mainly from soil and N input to crop and soil systems. Even if nitrous oxide is a small part of the overall GHG emissions (8% at world scale), agriculture is considered to be its major source through soil management and fertilizer use. Nitrous oxide is a chemica ...
pdf
... and tree growth sensitivity and adaptive capacity (Lindner et al. 2009). Hence, climate effects on tree growth will depend on the specific climate changes at the regional scale, tree species' inherent sensitivity and their ability to cope with the impacts (Linares et al. 2010). Although many studies h ...
... and tree growth sensitivity and adaptive capacity (Lindner et al. 2009). Hence, climate effects on tree growth will depend on the specific climate changes at the regional scale, tree species' inherent sensitivity and their ability to cope with the impacts (Linares et al. 2010). Although many studies h ...
Act LX of 2007 on the implementation framework of the UN
... (3) In order to have a more precise forecast of greenhouse gas emissions in Hungary, the investor shall prepare forecast on the overall greenhouse gas emissions connected to and generated during the activity, before the commencement of activities (identified in a separate legal instrument) emitting ...
... (3) In order to have a more precise forecast of greenhouse gas emissions in Hungary, the investor shall prepare forecast on the overall greenhouse gas emissions connected to and generated during the activity, before the commencement of activities (identified in a separate legal instrument) emitting ...
Public Understanding of Climate Change in the United States
... limate change” is the name given to a set of physical phenomena and of a public policy issue, sometimes also referred to as “global warming,” even though climate change involves much more than warming. This article describes the development of scientific and public understanding1 of climate change i ...
... limate change” is the name given to a set of physical phenomena and of a public policy issue, sometimes also referred to as “global warming,” even though climate change involves much more than warming. This article describes the development of scientific and public understanding1 of climate change i ...
Two Decades of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning
... (2011), but not discussed here]. The emphasis in this paper is on the need to understand the flow and variability throughout the entire Atlantic Ocean; specific regional discussions are omitted. Nonetheless, note that the Rapid Climate Change (RAPID) array (Rayner et al. 2011) uniquely spans the Nor ...
... (2011), but not discussed here]. The emphasis in this paper is on the need to understand the flow and variability throughout the entire Atlantic Ocean; specific regional discussions are omitted. Nonetheless, note that the Rapid Climate Change (RAPID) array (Rayner et al. 2011) uniquely spans the Nor ...
Climate Change Impacts on the Mediterranean Coastal Zones
... Nitrous oxide concentrations have increased since pre-industrial times from 275 ppbv to 312 ppbv. Many sources contribute to the generation of N2 O emissions. The most important souces are natural ones which are probably twice as large as human induced ones. The main anthropogenic sources are repre ...
... Nitrous oxide concentrations have increased since pre-industrial times from 275 ppbv to 312 ppbv. Many sources contribute to the generation of N2 O emissions. The most important souces are natural ones which are probably twice as large as human induced ones. The main anthropogenic sources are repre ...
Workshop report, 22-23 April 2010
... and woodlands/savanna forests in their definition of forests. This implies that the department has the ultimate responsibility to develop policies in all three aspects and consider the economic, social, political and environmental implications. Climate change is one of the important areas where the ...
... and woodlands/savanna forests in their definition of forests. This implies that the department has the ultimate responsibility to develop policies in all three aspects and consider the economic, social, political and environmental implications. Climate change is one of the important areas where the ...
Climate-driven expansion of blanket bogs in Britain during the
... has been considerable debate about the cause of Holocene blanket-bog initiation in the UK. There is a long-standing hypothesis, first proposed by Moore (1973), that it was a consequence of land use by Neolithic human populations, and in particular land clearing practices at the time of the “elm decl ...
... has been considerable debate about the cause of Holocene blanket-bog initiation in the UK. There is a long-standing hypothesis, first proposed by Moore (1973), that it was a consequence of land use by Neolithic human populations, and in particular land clearing practices at the time of the “elm decl ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""