Climate-driven expansion of blanket bogs in Britain during the
... has been considerable debate about the cause of Holocene blanket-bog initiation in the UK. There is a long-standing hypothesis, first proposed by Moore (1973), that it was a consequence of land use by Neolithic human populations, and in particular land clearing practices at the time of the “elm decl ...
... has been considerable debate about the cause of Holocene blanket-bog initiation in the UK. There is a long-standing hypothesis, first proposed by Moore (1973), that it was a consequence of land use by Neolithic human populations, and in particular land clearing practices at the time of the “elm decl ...
Workshop report, 22-23 April 2010
... and woodlands/savanna forests in their definition of forests. This implies that the department has the ultimate responsibility to develop policies in all three aspects and consider the economic, social, political and environmental implications. Climate change is one of the important areas where the ...
... and woodlands/savanna forests in their definition of forests. This implies that the department has the ultimate responsibility to develop policies in all three aspects and consider the economic, social, political and environmental implications. Climate change is one of the important areas where the ...
and the new Industrial Revolution
... Green growth policies have an impact on the sectoral composition of economies and therefore labour markets and jobs. However, a sophisticated assessment of the impacts on jobs is currently hampered by the need for better statistics, an agreement on common definitions and the further study of methods ...
... Green growth policies have an impact on the sectoral composition of economies and therefore labour markets and jobs. However, a sophisticated assessment of the impacts on jobs is currently hampered by the need for better statistics, an agreement on common definitions and the further study of methods ...
Drivers for the renaissance of coal
... Decomposition of Global and Regional Emissions In this section we first analyze global and regional emission drivers along the lines of the Kaya* identity, which attributes the change of total emissions to four factors: changes in (i) population size, (ii) income per capita, (iii) energy intensity o ...
... Decomposition of Global and Regional Emissions In this section we first analyze global and regional emission drivers along the lines of the Kaya* identity, which attributes the change of total emissions to four factors: changes in (i) population size, (ii) income per capita, (iii) energy intensity o ...
Document
... geoengineering is deployed to fully offset the temperature change, global mean precipitation was found to be reduced by 4.5% below the pre-industrial level, compared with an increase of 6.9% above pre-industrial in the high-CO2 scenario [Tilmes et al., 2013]. Analogously, if the objective were to o ...
... geoengineering is deployed to fully offset the temperature change, global mean precipitation was found to be reduced by 4.5% below the pre-industrial level, compared with an increase of 6.9% above pre-industrial in the high-CO2 scenario [Tilmes et al., 2013]. Analogously, if the objective were to o ...
Indigenous Peoples, Lands, and Resources
... Indigenous traditional knowledge has emerged in national and international arenas as a source of rich information for indigenous and non-indigenous climate assessments, policies, and adaptation strategies. Working Group II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report rec ...
... Indigenous traditional knowledge has emerged in national and international arenas as a source of rich information for indigenous and non-indigenous climate assessments, policies, and adaptation strategies. Working Group II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report rec ...
Peter Lee: Ethics of Climate Change Policy
... decisions. What experimental support, beyond sophisticated computer projections, exists of the theories behind the current IPCC consensus? What proof iii ...
... decisions. What experimental support, beyond sophisticated computer projections, exists of the theories behind the current IPCC consensus? What proof iii ...
The impacts of climate change on the abundance and
... Simulated population totals (all life stages) were normalized across the entire data set, and means were generated per corresponding RCP and timeframe (i.e., these are averages of the results of the D. suzukii model, run for the different climate models). From these consensus maps, we see that the 2 ...
... Simulated population totals (all life stages) were normalized across the entire data set, and means were generated per corresponding RCP and timeframe (i.e., these are averages of the results of the D. suzukii model, run for the different climate models). From these consensus maps, we see that the 2 ...
english - Sustainable Development of Tourism
... contributor to the global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Best estimates for 2005 are that domestic and international tourism contributed about 5 per cent of global carbon dioxide emissions and a little less in terms of radiative forcing (considering all GHGs). The United Nations system is dev ...
... contributor to the global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Best estimates for 2005 are that domestic and international tourism contributed about 5 per cent of global carbon dioxide emissions and a little less in terms of radiative forcing (considering all GHGs). The United Nations system is dev ...
Agriculture and Climate Change
... Strengthening access to knowledge and transfer mechanisms is key to increasing adoption of sustainable and productive practices. Relevant and up-to-date information on risk management and resource use efficiency can stimulate take-up of innovative technologies that support sustainable and climate-fr ...
... Strengthening access to knowledge and transfer mechanisms is key to increasing adoption of sustainable and productive practices. Relevant and up-to-date information on risk management and resource use efficiency can stimulate take-up of innovative technologies that support sustainable and climate-fr ...
Federal Decision-Making on the Uncertain Impacts of Climate Change
... Over the past three years, the United States government has developed a more urgent interest and need for information on observed and potential impacts of climate change. All three branches of the federal government—judicial, executive, and legislative—have confronted decisions that engendered an ...
... Over the past three years, the United States government has developed a more urgent interest and need for information on observed and potential impacts of climate change. All three branches of the federal government—judicial, executive, and legislative—have confronted decisions that engendered an ...
Climate
... Wintertime precipitation has increased by 10-20mm across most of Wisconsin from 1950 to 2006 (statewide average of 13.5 mm), but the trends were generally weak with only a few isolated locations being significant (p < 0.1). In springtime, precipitation has increased by 20 to 60 mm across the souther ...
... Wintertime precipitation has increased by 10-20mm across most of Wisconsin from 1950 to 2006 (statewide average of 13.5 mm), but the trends were generally weak with only a few isolated locations being significant (p < 0.1). In springtime, precipitation has increased by 20 to 60 mm across the souther ...
Changes in Water Use Under Regional Climate Change Scenarios
... climate change adaptation (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2008). Since the demand for water is also influenced by climate and associated weather conditions, it is possible that water demand and supply may diverge at an accelerating rate due to climate change (California Urban Water Agenc ...
... climate change adaptation (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2008). Since the demand for water is also influenced by climate and associated weather conditions, it is possible that water demand and supply may diverge at an accelerating rate due to climate change (California Urban Water Agenc ...
Senate Inquiry into the Kyoto Protocol
... Climate change will have the greatest impact on agriculture (compared to any other sector in the economy). Farmers, more than anyone else, depend upon the land and environment for their continued livelihood – they deal with the climate on a daily basis. For agriculture, climate change could lead to: ...
... Climate change will have the greatest impact on agriculture (compared to any other sector in the economy). Farmers, more than anyone else, depend upon the land and environment for their continued livelihood – they deal with the climate on a daily basis. For agriculture, climate change could lead to: ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CLIMATE ECONOMICS: A META-REVIEW AND SOME SUGGESTIONS Geoffrey Heal
... poor person has long been a staple of utilitarian arguments for income redistribution and progressive taxation (see Sen [33]), and is very widely accepted. This is re‡ected in the diminishing marginal utility of consumption, and the rate at which marginal utility falls as consumption rises is captur ...
... poor person has long been a staple of utilitarian arguments for income redistribution and progressive taxation (see Sen [33]), and is very widely accepted. This is re‡ected in the diminishing marginal utility of consumption, and the rate at which marginal utility falls as consumption rises is captur ...
Vulnerability of biodiversity hotspots to global change
... habitat, and (3) the future suitability of distribution ranges of ‘100 of the world’s worst invasive alien species’, by characterizing the combined effects of climate and land-use changes on the future distribution ranges of these species. Results Our findings show that hotspots may experience an ave ...
... habitat, and (3) the future suitability of distribution ranges of ‘100 of the world’s worst invasive alien species’, by characterizing the combined effects of climate and land-use changes on the future distribution ranges of these species. Results Our findings show that hotspots may experience an ave ...
Severe weather and UK food chain resilience
... www.pnas.orc/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1205276109. The essence of this paper occurs in a range or preprints by the same authors e.g. See http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1204/1204.1286.pdf ...
... www.pnas.orc/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1205276109. The essence of this paper occurs in a range or preprints by the same authors e.g. See http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1204/1204.1286.pdf ...
IEAGHG Information Paper; 2013-IP31; Drawing Down N2O to Protect
... While N2O exists naturally in the atmosphere in trace amounts, human activities have increased its concentrations since the industrial revolution. The UNEP report, produced in conjunction with scientists and experts from more than 35 organizations, points out that with determination and commitment t ...
... While N2O exists naturally in the atmosphere in trace amounts, human activities have increased its concentrations since the industrial revolution. The UNEP report, produced in conjunction with scientists and experts from more than 35 organizations, points out that with determination and commitment t ...
Limited Alpine Climatic Warming and Modeled
... complete data set is from the summit of Mount Washington, New Hampshire (at 1917 m a.s.l.). Because high-elevation meteorological stations are uncommon worldwide, records from the most proximate lower-elevation sites are often employed to extrapolate climate variables using linear lapse rates or oth ...
... complete data set is from the summit of Mount Washington, New Hampshire (at 1917 m a.s.l.). Because high-elevation meteorological stations are uncommon worldwide, records from the most proximate lower-elevation sites are often employed to extrapolate climate variables using linear lapse rates or oth ...
Estimating the impact of traffic on the UTLS QUANTIFY
... CECILIA, EC FP6, 2006-2009, http://www.cecilia-eu.org ...
... CECILIA, EC FP6, 2006-2009, http://www.cecilia-eu.org ...
Climate Change - Bermuda National Trust
... it brings. Climate change is caused by rising levels of certain gases, known as the greenhouse gases. We will learn more about these in the next section, but they are causing our planet to warm up. The average global temperature has risen by 1°C in the past 100 years and scientists expect this to ri ...
... it brings. Climate change is caused by rising levels of certain gases, known as the greenhouse gases. We will learn more about these in the next section, but they are causing our planet to warm up. The average global temperature has risen by 1°C in the past 100 years and scientists expect this to ri ...
Antarctic Penguin Response to Habitat Change
... CO2 scenarios extrapolated to the year 2100, this paper assesses the responses of Adélie and Emperor penguin — size and distribution — to projected Southern Ocean changes when Earth’s average tropospheric temperature reaches 2oC above pre-industrial levels (approximately the year 1860). On the basis ...
... CO2 scenarios extrapolated to the year 2100, this paper assesses the responses of Adélie and Emperor penguin — size and distribution — to projected Southern Ocean changes when Earth’s average tropospheric temperature reaches 2oC above pre-industrial levels (approximately the year 1860). On the basis ...
Climate and Weather Discourse in Anthropology: From Determinism
... the narratives surrounding climate in anthropology, this review aims to provide a context for current climate anthropology (Nelson and Finan 2000), both represented by the contents of this volume and other sources. Anthropologists often use the term narrative to refer to stories and myths shared by ...
... the narratives surrounding climate in anthropology, this review aims to provide a context for current climate anthropology (Nelson and Finan 2000), both represented by the contents of this volume and other sources. Anthropologists often use the term narrative to refer to stories and myths shared by ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""