A climate change report card for water Working Technical Paper 9
... depths, water velocity and sediment loads. These will alter the morphology of rivers and the transfer of sediments to lakes, thereby impacting water quality and freshwater habitats in both lake and stream systems. This paper reviews the potential impacts of climate change on rivers and lakes in the ...
... depths, water velocity and sediment loads. These will alter the morphology of rivers and the transfer of sediments to lakes, thereby impacting water quality and freshwater habitats in both lake and stream systems. This paper reviews the potential impacts of climate change on rivers and lakes in the ...
Deceitful Tongues: Is Climate Change Denial A Crime?
... GLOBAL WARMING 20 (2009); Naomi Oreskes, The Scientific Consensus on Climate Change, 306 SCIENCE 1686 (2004) (noting that consensus existed as early as 1993); Reuven S. Avi-Yonah & David M. Uhlmann, Combating Global Climate Change: Why a Carbon Tax is a Better Response to Global Warming Than Cap and ...
... GLOBAL WARMING 20 (2009); Naomi Oreskes, The Scientific Consensus on Climate Change, 306 SCIENCE 1686 (2004) (noting that consensus existed as early as 1993); Reuven S. Avi-Yonah & David M. Uhlmann, Combating Global Climate Change: Why a Carbon Tax is a Better Response to Global Warming Than Cap and ...
Earth`s Energy Imbalance
... much extra energy has gone back to space (Murphy et al. 2009) and where this energy has accumulated is possible, apparently with reasonable closure for 1993 to 2003 (Bindoff et al. 2007; Trenberth 20 ...
... much extra energy has gone back to space (Murphy et al. 2009) and where this energy has accumulated is possible, apparently with reasonable closure for 1993 to 2003 (Bindoff et al. 2007; Trenberth 20 ...
Exploring high-end scenarios for local sea level rise to
... and eustatic changes (changes in ocean mass), due to mass changes in small continental glaciers and ice sheets, and in the Antarctic Ice Sheet and Greenland Ice Sheet. In the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR4, Meehl et al, 2007a), a global mean sea l ...
... and eustatic changes (changes in ocean mass), due to mass changes in small continental glaciers and ice sheets, and in the Antarctic Ice Sheet and Greenland Ice Sheet. In the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR4, Meehl et al, 2007a), a global mean sea l ...
Anticipating the outcome of the 2015 Paris Climate Change
... commitments will be met or that real action will be required by greenhouse gas emitters in light of the Paris agreement. The determination of the Paris agreement as a treaty would turn on whether it was intended to create legal obligations on Parties and whether those Parties expressed consent to be ...
... commitments will be met or that real action will be required by greenhouse gas emitters in light of the Paris agreement. The determination of the Paris agreement as a treaty would turn on whether it was intended to create legal obligations on Parties and whether those Parties expressed consent to be ...
ʻAimalama: E Mauliauhonua – Readapting to Ancestral Knowledge
... Tracking the moon and paying attention to the environmental happenings around you is a traditional practice called kilo. Kāhuna kilo were keen observers. They noted environmental activities around them through keen observation and were able to study the daily activities and trends. Eventually the kā ...
... Tracking the moon and paying attention to the environmental happenings around you is a traditional practice called kilo. Kāhuna kilo were keen observers. They noted environmental activities around them through keen observation and were able to study the daily activities and trends. Eventually the kā ...
General Knowledge About Climate Change, Factors Influencing
... Climate change is the triggering mechanism for a variety of changes, but it cannot be experienced in itself. The consequences triggered by climate change happen very slowly and can only be determined through statistical analysis of temperature and precipitation data, and by continuous monitoring of ...
... Climate change is the triggering mechanism for a variety of changes, but it cannot be experienced in itself. The consequences triggered by climate change happen very slowly and can only be determined through statistical analysis of temperature and precipitation data, and by continuous monitoring of ...
DOCX 118KB - Climate Change Authority
... which can be used by countries to meet their targets. JI is similar to the CDM but the credits are generated from countries with Kyoto Protocol targets. For both market mechanisms, projects to reduce emissions are proposed by developers and then reviewed independently by an international body. If th ...
... which can be used by countries to meet their targets. JI is similar to the CDM but the credits are generated from countries with Kyoto Protocol targets. For both market mechanisms, projects to reduce emissions are proposed by developers and then reviewed independently by an international body. If th ...
Adaptation and mitigation: trade-offs in substance and methods Richard S.J. Tol *
... also studying, or at least making assumptions about, adaptation. Adaptation matters, reducing impacts in many cases, and frequently turning negative impacts positive; however, adaptation may also increase impacts, and turn positives into negatives (Rosenzweig and Parry, 1994; Darwin and Tol, 2001). ...
... also studying, or at least making assumptions about, adaptation. Adaptation matters, reducing impacts in many cases, and frequently turning negative impacts positive; however, adaptation may also increase impacts, and turn positives into negatives (Rosenzweig and Parry, 1994; Darwin and Tol, 2001). ...
Economic Growth and Climate Change: A Cross
... climate change. The most recent assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reported 95%–100% confidence that most of the global warming in the last six decades has been caused by humans and that there is evidence of increased frequency and severity of extreme weather due to climate ...
... climate change. The most recent assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reported 95%–100% confidence that most of the global warming in the last six decades has been caused by humans and that there is evidence of increased frequency and severity of extreme weather due to climate ...
The Gender and Climate Debate: More of the Same or New
... adaptation by: (i) briefly reviewing international agreements and advocacy literature in order to understand the conceptual antecedents underlying gender and climate change discourses and their respective deficits; and (ii) engaging with past and current theorisations on gender, adaptation and resil ...
... adaptation by: (i) briefly reviewing international agreements and advocacy literature in order to understand the conceptual antecedents underlying gender and climate change discourses and their respective deficits; and (ii) engaging with past and current theorisations on gender, adaptation and resil ...
Towards a unifying narrative for climate change
... ‘Anthropocene’ was first used to describe the geological age in which we are now living, in recognition of the distinct and well-established changes to the Earth that humanity has caused since the industrial revolution1,2. Thirteen years later, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) st ...
... ‘Anthropocene’ was first used to describe the geological age in which we are now living, in recognition of the distinct and well-established changes to the Earth that humanity has caused since the industrial revolution1,2. Thirteen years later, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) st ...
INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL IPCC-XVIII/Doc. 2 ON CLIMATE
... There is a need for comprehensive, independent, credible, transparent and policy relevant assessment and therefore delegations strongly endorsed that the IPCC continues its work. An endorsement by the Governing Bodies of the IPCC parent organisations UNEP and WMO is important. The decision by the 21 ...
... There is a need for comprehensive, independent, credible, transparent and policy relevant assessment and therefore delegations strongly endorsed that the IPCC continues its work. An endorsement by the Governing Bodies of the IPCC parent organisations UNEP and WMO is important. The decision by the 21 ...
Climate of the Past
... According to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the fundamental safety objective of all radioactive waste management activities is “to protect people and the environment from harmful effects of ionizing radiation” (IAEA, 2006). Disposal is carried out to implement that protection for pre ...
... According to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the fundamental safety objective of all radioactive waste management activities is “to protect people and the environment from harmful effects of ionizing radiation” (IAEA, 2006). Disposal is carried out to implement that protection for pre ...
The tropicalization of temperate marine ecosystems
... low-latitude water driven by changes in the basin-wide wind field. In the Southern Hemisphere in particular, these wind changes have been tied to stratospheric ozone depletion and increased greenhouse gas concentrations [15]. Most stateof-the-art climate models incorporating these drivers (which for ...
... low-latitude water driven by changes in the basin-wide wind field. In the Southern Hemisphere in particular, these wind changes have been tied to stratospheric ozone depletion and increased greenhouse gas concentrations [15]. Most stateof-the-art climate models incorporating these drivers (which for ...
Climate change policies and the WTO: Greening the GATT
... Here we are dealing with a border measure, and the likeness test will revolve around the (inadequate) HS classification of the product. Horn and Mavroidis (2011) discuss this issue in substantial detail. Now, Home opts to adjust the level of taxation on the content of CO2, such as a tax of $10 per t ...
... Here we are dealing with a border measure, and the likeness test will revolve around the (inadequate) HS classification of the product. Horn and Mavroidis (2011) discuss this issue in substantial detail. Now, Home opts to adjust the level of taxation on the content of CO2, such as a tax of $10 per t ...
PDF - ECC Platform Library
... With the impacts of on-going climate change, pollution of air, water and soils, depletion of ground -water, deforestation, over-grazing of grasslands, over-hunting of wildlife and over-fishing of marine resources, the environmental challenges are bound to increase, with potentially serious consequen ...
... With the impacts of on-going climate change, pollution of air, water and soils, depletion of ground -water, deforestation, over-grazing of grasslands, over-hunting of wildlife and over-fishing of marine resources, the environmental challenges are bound to increase, with potentially serious consequen ...
The International Tundra Experiment
... slight wind, as they allow the air in the OTC to warm without being removed by wind turbulence (Marion et al. 1997; Bokhorst et al. 2013). They are not as effective on calm, overcast days, and the average warming effect has been found to be 1-3º C during the growing season, which is at the low end o ...
... slight wind, as they allow the air in the OTC to warm without being removed by wind turbulence (Marion et al. 1997; Bokhorst et al. 2013). They are not as effective on calm, overcast days, and the average warming effect has been found to be 1-3º C during the growing season, which is at the low end o ...
Climate Justice in Rural Southeastern United States: A Review of
... While issues of climate justice have traditionally focused on urban populations, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) identifies serious concerns for vulnerable populations within rural regions in the U.S. because climate change health threats are not expected to affect al ...
... While issues of climate justice have traditionally focused on urban populations, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) identifies serious concerns for vulnerable populations within rural regions in the U.S. because climate change health threats are not expected to affect al ...
Sea Level Rise - Sarasota Bay Estuary Program
... best/worst case scenarios and takes into account uncertainties in future sea level rise and other factors. It is relatively technical and GIS expertise is required to produce ...
... best/worst case scenarios and takes into account uncertainties in future sea level rise and other factors. It is relatively technical and GIS expertise is required to produce ...
Aviation and Climate Change – the continuing
... With cuts of at least 80% from 2010 levels by 2050 necessary across all sectors for a reasonable chance of avoiding 2°C (Bows-Larkin 2014), the current mitigation strategy for international aviation assumes other sectors will proportionally cut CO2 by more than aviation. Bows (2010) assessed aviatio ...
... With cuts of at least 80% from 2010 levels by 2050 necessary across all sectors for a reasonable chance of avoiding 2°C (Bows-Larkin 2014), the current mitigation strategy for international aviation assumes other sectors will proportionally cut CO2 by more than aviation. Bows (2010) assessed aviatio ...
WEST AFRICA SAHEL
... Fishing is a key livelihood activity, offering one of the most common and cheapest protein sources to those living in the Sahel. Both coastal and inland fishing suffer from overfishing and habitat degradation. Climate change introduces new threats to the ecosystems that support fisheries, through in ...
... Fishing is a key livelihood activity, offering one of the most common and cheapest protein sources to those living in the Sahel. Both coastal and inland fishing suffer from overfishing and habitat degradation. Climate change introduces new threats to the ecosystems that support fisheries, through in ...
Full-Text PDF
... and reflects the global scale of human alteration of the biosphere. This term first became prominent in 2009, when two linked papers outlined the concept of a “safe operating space” for humanity [50,51]. These ideas of safety are closely related to the concept of the Earth system and the rarely obse ...
... and reflects the global scale of human alteration of the biosphere. This term first became prominent in 2009, when two linked papers outlined the concept of a “safe operating space” for humanity [50,51]. These ideas of safety are closely related to the concept of the Earth system and the rarely obse ...
North Atlantic warming: patterns of long
... for the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (2007). These four models were selected because their simulation of north– south long-term contrast of the North Atlantic SST is in reasonably good agreement with observations. Detailed information about the mod ...
... for the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (2007). These four models were selected because their simulation of north– south long-term contrast of the North Atlantic SST is in reasonably good agreement with observations. Detailed information about the mod ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""