urbanization and climate change in small island developing states
... Small Island Developing States are a distinct and diverse group of 52 countries spread across the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, the Caribbean, the Mediterranean and the South China Sea. Of the 52 states, 38 are United Nations (UN) member states, while the remaining 14 are non-UN member states ...
... Small Island Developing States are a distinct and diverse group of 52 countries spread across the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, the Caribbean, the Mediterranean and the South China Sea. Of the 52 states, 38 are United Nations (UN) member states, while the remaining 14 are non-UN member states ...
trees on the move - the National Sea Grant Library
... a specific set of assumptions. Scenarios may be used to identify possible effects of climate change and to evaluate responses to those effects. By analyzing many scenarios, scientists may be able to determine the direction and relative size of change. A “High” scenario is the worst case, with accele ...
... a specific set of assumptions. Scenarios may be used to identify possible effects of climate change and to evaluate responses to those effects. By analyzing many scenarios, scientists may be able to determine the direction and relative size of change. A “High” scenario is the worst case, with accele ...
Health Climate Change impacts report card technical paper
... environment, fomite and aerosol. Least important were direct contact and sexual transmission. The most frequent climate drivers were rainfall, moisture and temperature; less frequent, but still important, were particulate matter (dust), extreme weather events, wind and large-scale oscillations (such ...
... environment, fomite and aerosol. Least important were direct contact and sexual transmission. The most frequent climate drivers were rainfall, moisture and temperature; less frequent, but still important, were particulate matter (dust), extreme weather events, wind and large-scale oscillations (such ...
Development of a metamodel tool for regional integrated climate
... breadth of the coloured uncertainty bands on the slider bars conveys clearly that different values (and the assumptions behind them) are likely to give rise to differing outcomes which the User can rapidly explore due to the rapid run times Integrated, regional assessment represents a powerful tool ...
... breadth of the coloured uncertainty bands on the slider bars conveys clearly that different values (and the assumptions behind them) are likely to give rise to differing outcomes which the User can rapidly explore due to the rapid run times Integrated, regional assessment represents a powerful tool ...
Australian attitudes on climate change
... reject the climate science. Results from public polling and focus groups, however, are in contrast to this. The reality is that two-thirds of Australians continue to agree that climate change is occurring, with 87 per cent of those thinking that humans are at least partly responsible. A majority rem ...
... reject the climate science. Results from public polling and focus groups, however, are in contrast to this. The reality is that two-thirds of Australians continue to agree that climate change is occurring, with 87 per cent of those thinking that humans are at least partly responsible. A majority rem ...
Climate Change - National Wildlife Federation
... Scientists predict that thermal expansion of the oceans and rapid melting of sea ice and glaciers, as a result of global warming, will cause sea levels to rise by 6 to 37 inches by the year 2100. At the upper range of scientific projections, sea level rise may cause some reefs to fall below what is ...
... Scientists predict that thermal expansion of the oceans and rapid melting of sea ice and glaciers, as a result of global warming, will cause sea levels to rise by 6 to 37 inches by the year 2100. At the upper range of scientific projections, sea level rise may cause some reefs to fall below what is ...
Response of hydrological processes to land
... Land-cover/climate changes and their impacts on hydrological processes are of widespread concern and a great challenge to researchers and policy makers. Kejie Watershed in the Salween River Basin in Yunnan, south-west China, has been reforested extensively during the past two decades. In terms of cl ...
... Land-cover/climate changes and their impacts on hydrological processes are of widespread concern and a great challenge to researchers and policy makers. Kejie Watershed in the Salween River Basin in Yunnan, south-west China, has been reforested extensively during the past two decades. In terms of cl ...
`Towards a Resilient Sydney` - climate change adaptation planning
... biophysical parameters including coastal systems, water, fire and heat and air quality. The Sydney Climate Storyline was developed to assist participants of the Sydney Integrated Regional Vulnerability Assessment (IRVA) workshops to identify direct and indirect impacts on their sector and capacity t ...
... biophysical parameters including coastal systems, water, fire and heat and air quality. The Sydney Climate Storyline was developed to assist participants of the Sydney Integrated Regional Vulnerability Assessment (IRVA) workshops to identify direct and indirect impacts on their sector and capacity t ...
151725 Public Policy Text - A Convention For Persons Displaced By
... David Hodgkinson1, Tess Burton2, Lucy Young3 and Heather Anderson4 The effects of climate change will cause large-scale human displacement. However, neither the UNFCCC process nor the December, 2009 Copenhagen Accord contemplates or addresses the issue of displacement, notwithstanding their focus on ...
... David Hodgkinson1, Tess Burton2, Lucy Young3 and Heather Anderson4 The effects of climate change will cause large-scale human displacement. However, neither the UNFCCC process nor the December, 2009 Copenhagen Accord contemplates or addresses the issue of displacement, notwithstanding their focus on ...
Microsoft Word
... are based on empirical literature, previous studies and also on available data from the survey. As similar studies find, knowledge about climate change and its effects, experiences in farming as well as in forecasting of weather conditions are associated with a higher age, because older farmers have ...
... are based on empirical literature, previous studies and also on available data from the survey. As similar studies find, knowledge about climate change and its effects, experiences in farming as well as in forecasting of weather conditions are associated with a higher age, because older farmers have ...
Climate impacts on the health of remote northern Australian
... There is a limited literature on the health impacts caused by climate change for the Australian population. The report, Climate Change Health Impacts in Australia, does identify the impact of various greenhouse gas emission mitigation strategies on health, but does not specifically assess impacts fo ...
... There is a limited literature on the health impacts caused by climate change for the Australian population. The report, Climate Change Health Impacts in Australia, does identify the impact of various greenhouse gas emission mitigation strategies on health, but does not specifically assess impacts fo ...
Research Article Environmetrics
... The three pairs of series are more or less based on the same measurement stations around the world, in total between 4000 and 7000 stations, but the procedures for computing hemispheric averages from the data differ. Each temperature series is given as anomalies from a reference period where the ave ...
... The three pairs of series are more or less based on the same measurement stations around the world, in total between 4000 and 7000 stations, but the procedures for computing hemispheric averages from the data differ. Each temperature series is given as anomalies from a reference period where the ave ...
An Analysis of Sweden`s Carbon Footprint
... emission account and Sweden’s carbon footprint. Whilst CO2 is just one of several greenhouse gases and climate change is just one of the implications of resource overshoot, they represent the greater part of the problems we face today. We have highlighted the issues associated with purely taking ter ...
... emission account and Sweden’s carbon footprint. Whilst CO2 is just one of several greenhouse gases and climate change is just one of the implications of resource overshoot, they represent the greater part of the problems we face today. We have highlighted the issues associated with purely taking ter ...
Update on CCS in the Global Climate Picture Tim Dixon 23 January 2015
... Removing CCS from the mix will increase mitigation costs by 138% by far the highest increase from any of the technologies analysed (bioenergy, wind, solar, nuclear) - and may not be able to achieve 450ppm CO2eq (+2C) “Note that many models cannot reach concentrations of about 450 ppm CO2eq by 2100 i ...
... Removing CCS from the mix will increase mitigation costs by 138% by far the highest increase from any of the technologies analysed (bioenergy, wind, solar, nuclear) - and may not be able to achieve 450ppm CO2eq (+2C) “Note that many models cannot reach concentrations of about 450 ppm CO2eq by 2100 i ...
climate change adaptation - India Environment Portal | News
... 2013; Joshi et al. 2013), and more climate-extreme events and deterioration of ecosystem services are projected (World Bank 2013). These cumulative changes are increasing risks across a region often referred to as Asia’s “Water Tower” since it is the source of waters that sustain over one billion pe ...
... 2013; Joshi et al. 2013), and more climate-extreme events and deterioration of ecosystem services are projected (World Bank 2013). These cumulative changes are increasing risks across a region often referred to as Asia’s “Water Tower” since it is the source of waters that sustain over one billion pe ...
Climate Change and Food In/Security: A Critical Nexus
... Similar to soil resources, water resources are also scarce and susceptible to pollution, contamination, eutrophication and changes in climate [13]. It has been reported by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) in 2014 that existing climate change scenarios would resul ...
... Similar to soil resources, water resources are also scarce and susceptible to pollution, contamination, eutrophication and changes in climate [13]. It has been reported by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) in 2014 that existing climate change scenarios would resul ...
Impacts of greenhouse gases and aerosol direct and indirect effects
... Among anthropogenic perturbations of the Earth's atmosphere, greenhouse gases and aerosols are considered to have a major impact on the energy budget through their impact on radiative fluxes. We use three ensembles of simulations with the LMDZ general circulation model to investigate the radiative i ...
... Among anthropogenic perturbations of the Earth's atmosphere, greenhouse gases and aerosols are considered to have a major impact on the energy budget through their impact on radiative fluxes. We use three ensembles of simulations with the LMDZ general circulation model to investigate the radiative i ...
English
... “Climate engineering” and “climate intervention” may be considered as equivalent to “climate-related geoengineering”, hereafter geoengineering. Generally, climate-related geoengineering is divided into two main groups at the technique level: (i) techniques involving greenhouse gas removal (GGR) (als ...
... “Climate engineering” and “climate intervention” may be considered as equivalent to “climate-related geoengineering”, hereafter geoengineering. Generally, climate-related geoengineering is divided into two main groups at the technique level: (i) techniques involving greenhouse gas removal (GGR) (als ...
The influence of climate change on flood risks in France
... Wood et al., 2004) corrects the distribution function of model outputs. In the training period, for each point of SF’s grid, the time series of SF and the nearest grid point of the climate simulation are compared in order to find a correction for each percentile of the climate simulation. Then, the ...
... Wood et al., 2004) corrects the distribution function of model outputs. In the training period, for each point of SF’s grid, the time series of SF and the nearest grid point of the climate simulation are compared in order to find a correction for each percentile of the climate simulation. Then, the ...
A Method to Estimate Climate-Critical Construction Materials
... In its most recent report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2014) found that over US$3 trillion in port infrastructure assets in 136 of the world’s largest port cities are vulnerable to weather events and that, “ports will be affected by climate changes including ...
... In its most recent report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2014) found that over US$3 trillion in port infrastructure assets in 136 of the world’s largest port cities are vulnerable to weather events and that, “ports will be affected by climate changes including ...
Working Paper 165 - Dechezlepretre et al 2015 (opens in new window)
... With the implementation of the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and a range of other policies, mostly supporting the deployment of renewable energy technologies, the EU is widely perceived as the vanguard of climate change policy globally. However, this unilateral set of policies has ...
... With the implementation of the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and a range of other policies, mostly supporting the deployment of renewable energy technologies, the EU is widely perceived as the vanguard of climate change policy globally. However, this unilateral set of policies has ...
In Defense of Emissions Egalitarianism?
... However, one could further questions (P2) by claiming that instead of the atmosphere the totality of all global commons is owned by everyone equally (cf. Caney, 2012: 268-271). Assuming for the sake of argument that this claim is correct, it would result in a very complex allocation procedure. The r ...
... However, one could further questions (P2) by claiming that instead of the atmosphere the totality of all global commons is owned by everyone equally (cf. Caney, 2012: 268-271). Assuming for the sake of argument that this claim is correct, it would result in a very complex allocation procedure. The r ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES INCORPORATING CLIMATE UNCERTAINTY INTO ESTIMATES OF CLIMATE
... adaptation beyond what is implied in the historical relationships. While such adaptation could dampen projected impacts, predicting and quantifying the degree of adaptation to changing climate during 2080-2100 is inherently speculative, and as discussed below, there is surprisingly little evidence o ...
... adaptation beyond what is implied in the historical relationships. While such adaptation could dampen projected impacts, predicting and quantifying the degree of adaptation to changing climate during 2080-2100 is inherently speculative, and as discussed below, there is surprisingly little evidence o ...
PDF
... little, too fast”; developing countries should play a more substantial role and receive incentives to participate; implementation should focus on market-based approaches, especially those with price mechanisms; and participation and compliance incentives are inadequately addressed by most proposals. ...
... little, too fast”; developing countries should play a more substantial role and receive incentives to participate; implementation should focus on market-based approaches, especially those with price mechanisms; and participation and compliance incentives are inadequately addressed by most proposals. ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""