Study Guide 3
... The roles of flora in healthy people The major steps in bacterial infection Common types of toxins and their general mechanisms including: Cytotoxins, AB toxins, exotoxins, enterotoxins, and endotoxin Host immunity-you should know and understand: Physical, mechanical and chemical defenses that human ...
... The roles of flora in healthy people The major steps in bacterial infection Common types of toxins and their general mechanisms including: Cytotoxins, AB toxins, exotoxins, enterotoxins, and endotoxin Host immunity-you should know and understand: Physical, mechanical and chemical defenses that human ...
What are Healthcare Associated Infections?
... 2. The nature of Healthcare Associated Infection (HCAI) 3. Factors that may increase susceptibility to infection 4. Individual responsibility to infection prevention & control 5. Where to find information, including legislation, national guidance and local policies 6. The role of hand hygiene in pre ...
... 2. The nature of Healthcare Associated Infection (HCAI) 3. Factors that may increase susceptibility to infection 4. Individual responsibility to infection prevention & control 5. Where to find information, including legislation, national guidance and local policies 6. The role of hand hygiene in pre ...
Viruses
... 1. Target cells A) Viruses interact and infect B) Nearly every cell in the body is susceptible to at least one virus C) Most cells infected by a reproducing virus will 2. Infection A) Diseases range from B) Common symptoms include C) Infection can start at the portal of entry or the virus may enter ...
... 1. Target cells A) Viruses interact and infect B) Nearly every cell in the body is susceptible to at least one virus C) Most cells infected by a reproducing virus will 2. Infection A) Diseases range from B) Common symptoms include C) Infection can start at the portal of entry or the virus may enter ...
UCLA Clinical Microbiology Laboratory
... • first serological test developed to detect HIV infection • antibodies detected include those directed against p24, gp120, gp160 and gp41, detected first in infection and appear in most individuals • used for screening only, false positives do occur (recent acute illness, allergies) • highly sensit ...
... • first serological test developed to detect HIV infection • antibodies detected include those directed against p24, gp120, gp160 and gp41, detected first in infection and appear in most individuals • used for screening only, false positives do occur (recent acute illness, allergies) • highly sensit ...
West Nile - Felicia Henderson
... Scientists have identified more than 138 bird species that can be infected and more than 43 mosquito species that can transmit WNV. Although the virus usually cycles between mosquitoes and birds, infected female mosquitoes also can transmit WNV through their bites to humans and other "incidental hos ...
... Scientists have identified more than 138 bird species that can be infected and more than 43 mosquito species that can transmit WNV. Although the virus usually cycles between mosquitoes and birds, infected female mosquitoes also can transmit WNV through their bites to humans and other "incidental hos ...
Recent Research on the Neuropsychiatric Aspects of Infectious
... associated with streptococcal infections. Both of these disorders tend to affect children mostly, as streptococcal infections are quite common in childhood. Sydenham’s chorea is a disorder characterized by uncoordinated motor movements, hypotonia, gait disturbance, loss of fine motor control, slurre ...
... associated with streptococcal infections. Both of these disorders tend to affect children mostly, as streptococcal infections are quite common in childhood. Sydenham’s chorea is a disorder characterized by uncoordinated motor movements, hypotonia, gait disturbance, loss of fine motor control, slurre ...
Foodborne viral disease in the European region: Norovirus and
... Norovirus infection typically causes acute gastroenteritis with the most common symptoms being nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and stomach pain. Symptoms usually develop 12 to 48 hours after infection. The disease normally lasts between 1 and 3 days. However, for some individuals, especially children, th ...
... Norovirus infection typically causes acute gastroenteritis with the most common symptoms being nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and stomach pain. Symptoms usually develop 12 to 48 hours after infection. The disease normally lasts between 1 and 3 days. However, for some individuals, especially children, th ...
Hepatitis B declination form - Office of Clinical Partnerships
... materials I may be at risk of acquiring hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, I decline hepatitis B vaccination at this time. I understand that by declining to be vaccinated, I continue to be at risk of acquiring hepatitis B. If in the future, I continue to have occupational exposure to blood ...
... materials I may be at risk of acquiring hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, I decline hepatitis B vaccination at this time. I understand that by declining to be vaccinated, I continue to be at risk of acquiring hepatitis B. If in the future, I continue to have occupational exposure to blood ...
Science as a Process
... Consists of double stranded DNA Envelope derived from host cell nuclear envelope not from plasma membrane It, therefore, reproduces within the nucleus May integrate its DNA as a provirus Tends to recur throughout lifetime of infected individual. ...
... Consists of double stranded DNA Envelope derived from host cell nuclear envelope not from plasma membrane It, therefore, reproduces within the nucleus May integrate its DNA as a provirus Tends to recur throughout lifetime of infected individual. ...
Microbiology: A Systems Approach, 2nd ed.
... Rubella • Also known as German measles • Relatively minor rash disease with few complications • Two forms – Postnatal infection – Congenital infection ...
... Rubella • Also known as German measles • Relatively minor rash disease with few complications • Two forms – Postnatal infection – Congenital infection ...
55. Localisation of foot-and-mouth disease virus after acute infection in cattle; a novel, immunologically significant site
... during the acute phase of infection, no FMDV non-structural proteins were detected in any of the tissues examined from 29 days post contact infection. The absence of detectable FMDV nonstructural proteins indicates that the presence of viral RNA is not associated with active viral replication. The f ...
... during the acute phase of infection, no FMDV non-structural proteins were detected in any of the tissues examined from 29 days post contact infection. The absence of detectable FMDV nonstructural proteins indicates that the presence of viral RNA is not associated with active viral replication. The f ...
Article for Boyden
... Towards the end of the 18th century, it was found that when a person was infected by viruses or bacteria, new proteins were formed and found in the blood. On transfer to another person, they would prevent infection by the same virus or bacterium. They were called antibodies and were formed by lympho ...
... Towards the end of the 18th century, it was found that when a person was infected by viruses or bacteria, new proteins were formed and found in the blood. On transfer to another person, they would prevent infection by the same virus or bacterium. They were called antibodies and were formed by lympho ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿
... Mechanims of Action of IFN and IFN • Infected cell produces membrane receptors for IFN and • Activates an RNAase that cleaves viral RNA • Inactivates viral protein synthesis by effects on dsRNA-dependent protein kinase • Induces Anti-viral response and resistance to intra-cellular viral replica ...
... Mechanims of Action of IFN and IFN • Infected cell produces membrane receptors for IFN and • Activates an RNAase that cleaves viral RNA • Inactivates viral protein synthesis by effects on dsRNA-dependent protein kinase • Induces Anti-viral response and resistance to intra-cellular viral replica ...
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
... tested for an STD then stay monogamous – this means having and being with one partner only *Being promiscuous is a risk factor for getting an STDthis means having many sexual partners, but remember- you can catch an STD even if you have been with just one person! You don’t know who that one person h ...
... tested for an STD then stay monogamous – this means having and being with one partner only *Being promiscuous is a risk factor for getting an STDthis means having many sexual partners, but remember- you can catch an STD even if you have been with just one person! You don’t know who that one person h ...
Healthcare Epidemiology Department
... • Pulmonary and laryngeal TB are usually spread from person to person through contaminated droplet nuclei in the air. • Extrapulmonary TB is generally not contagious. • Infectious particles are released when people with pulmonary / laryngeal TB cough, sneeze or talk. • Droplet nuclei are very small ...
... • Pulmonary and laryngeal TB are usually spread from person to person through contaminated droplet nuclei in the air. • Extrapulmonary TB is generally not contagious. • Infectious particles are released when people with pulmonary / laryngeal TB cough, sneeze or talk. • Droplet nuclei are very small ...
Pathogenesis of infection
... apparently healthy individual, it is clearly aggressively pathogenic. If it is normally incapable of causing disease but can do so only when the human body is compromised in some way, it is said to be opportunist. Opportunist infections are of particular importance in hospital patients and in people ...
... apparently healthy individual, it is clearly aggressively pathogenic. If it is normally incapable of causing disease but can do so only when the human body is compromised in some way, it is said to be opportunist. Opportunist infections are of particular importance in hospital patients and in people ...
The Aids Vaccine
... viruses that will infect more cells in the body. Damages and destroys the white blood cells that run the body’s Immune system, breaking down its defenses and leaving it open to infections from other diseases. ...
... viruses that will infect more cells in the body. Damages and destroys the white blood cells that run the body’s Immune system, breaking down its defenses and leaving it open to infections from other diseases. ...
Protect Your Patients and Yourself From
... If limited in supply, use new gloves for contacts with blood & body fluids and reused gloves for other types of contacts If limited in supply, dip gloved hands in diluted household bleach ...
... If limited in supply, use new gloves for contacts with blood & body fluids and reused gloves for other types of contacts If limited in supply, dip gloved hands in diluted household bleach ...
UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS What is Universal Precautions? Blood
... nausea/vomiting, jaundice (yellowing of eyes/skin), dark urine and light colored stool ∙ Can lead to cirrhosis or cancer ∙ Some people who develop become “carriers” and are infectious for the rest of their lives. Hepatitis C- currently the most common type of viral hepatitis in US ∙ L ...
... nausea/vomiting, jaundice (yellowing of eyes/skin), dark urine and light colored stool ∙ Can lead to cirrhosis or cancer ∙ Some people who develop become “carriers” and are infectious for the rest of their lives. Hepatitis C- currently the most common type of viral hepatitis in US ∙ L ...
What You Need to Know To Administer an Injection - AAEC
... ◦ Antibody produced by one human or other animal is transferred to another ◦ Temporary protection Example: Immunity an infant receives from its mother ...
... ◦ Antibody produced by one human or other animal is transferred to another ◦ Temporary protection Example: Immunity an infant receives from its mother ...
Variola Virus
... unvaccinated close or household contacts or 3.8% in previously vaccinated close contacts) Parenteral transmission has not been recognized. ...
... unvaccinated close or household contacts or 3.8% in previously vaccinated close contacts) Parenteral transmission has not been recognized. ...
Human cytomegalovirus
Human cytomegalovirus is a species of the Cytomegalovirus genus of viruses, which in turn is a member of the viral family known as Herpesviridae or herpesviruses. It is typically abbreviated as HCMV or, commonly but more ambiguously, as CMV. It is also known as human herpesvirus-5 (HHV-5). Within Herpesviridae, HCMV belongs to the Betaherpesvirinae subfamily, which also includes cytomegaloviruses from other mammals.Although they may be found throughout the body, HCMV infections are frequently associated with the salivary glands. HCMV infection is typically unnoticed in healthy people, but can be life-threatening for the immunocompromised, such as HIV-infected persons, organ transplant recipients, or newborn infants. After infection, HCMV remains latent within the body throughout life and can be reactivated at any time. Eventually, it may cause mucoepidermoid carcinoma and possibly other malignancies such as prostate cancer.HCMV is found throughout all geographic locations and socioeconomic groups, and infects between 60% and 70% of adults in industrialized countries and almost 100% in emerging countries.Of all herpes viruses, HCMV harbors the most genes dedicated to altering (evading) innate and adaptive immunity in the host and represents a life-long burden of antigenic T cell surveillance and immune dysfunction.Commonly it is indicated by the presence of antibodies in the general population. Seroprevalence is age-dependent: 58.9% of individuals aged 6 and older are infected with CMV while 90.8% of individuals aged 80 and older are positive for HCMV. HCMV is also the virus most frequently transmitted to a developing fetus.HCMV infection is more widespread in developing countries and in communities with lower socioeconomic status and represents the most significant viral cause of birth defects in industrialized countries. Congenital HCMV is the leading infectious cause of deafness, learning disabilities, and intellectual disability in childrenCMV also ""seems to have a large impact on immune parameters in later life and may contribute to increased morbidity and eventual mortality.""