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Jumpstarting Infectious Disease Research With
Jumpstarting Infectious Disease Research With

... and other traits that allow them to persist in hospitals ...
Biotechnology Unit: Viruses
Biotechnology Unit: Viruses

... allow for rapid evolution and acquisition of new phenotypes. 2. Virus replication allows for mutations to occur through usual host pathways. 3. RNA viruses lack replication error-checking mechanisms, and thus have higher rates of evolution. 4. Related viruses can combine/recombine information if the ...
Important Zoonotic Diseases of Zoo and Domestic Animals
Important Zoonotic Diseases of Zoo and Domestic Animals

... World monkeys more vulnerable, less likely to survive Transmission: Aerosol and direct contact with respiratory secretions ...
The complex interactions of bacterial pathogens and host defenses
The complex interactions of bacterial pathogens and host defenses

... The innate immune response to invasive pathogens is a critical determinant of disease outcome and therefore understanding how the innate immune system recognizes and responds to molecular patterns associated with pathogens (PAMPs) or danger signals such as cellular stress (DAMPs) has been an area of ...
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Infection Control in Optometric Practice
Infection Control in Optometric Practice

... and avoid. A “carrier” is a patient who, while infected with a pathogen, does not show symptoms of infection. They are harder to identify (and avoid). There must also be a way for the pathogen to make it out of the infected patient’s body into the environment, a “portal of exit.” These portals can i ...
Inverse method - University of Alberta
Inverse method - University of Alberta

... that (t) is solely determined by school mixing, and choose (t) to be pure sine function or Haar function with one year period. ...
infection prevention and control
infection prevention and control

... Portal of Exit/Entry Skin and Mucous Membranes  Respiratory Tract  Urinary Tract  Gastrointestinal tract  Reproductive Tract  Blood ...
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... Occurred in New Guinea among the Fore tribe. Medical puzzle that stumped researchers because it affected mostly women and children. Mystery solved in the 1950s when it was discovered that the Fore tribe was cannibalistic, eating their dead relatives’s brains as a funeral rite. ...
Epidemiology and Public Health
Epidemiology and Public Health

... Is the study of factors that determine the frequency, distribution, and determinants of diseases in human populations. ...
Understanding Infectious Disease
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... not limited to: – hepatitis B (HBV), – hepatitis C (HCV) and – human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ...
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Chapter 35: Immune System & Disease

... • Pasteur & Koch came up with the germ theory of disease: infectious diseases occur when microorganisms cause physiological changes that disrupt normal body function – Can be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, protists and parasites – Except for parasites, all others known as pathogens ...
UNIT 9 Study Guide Answer Key
UNIT 9 Study Guide Answer Key

... 2. marshes, the bottom of lakes, digestive tracts of herbivores. Y diagram: Bacteria—microscopic, single-celled, prokaryotes, have cell walls and membranes, move with flagella, diverse and widespread, 3 common shapes, flagella structurally different from archaea, cell walls and membranes chemically ...
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... as Shigella sonnei remain prevalent and new pathogens of fecal origin such as zoonotic Campylobacter jejuni and E. coli O157:H7 may contaminate pristine waters through wildlife or domestic animal feces. These bacteria even in low inoculums (few hundred cells) have the capacity and trigger disease. I ...
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A Glossary of Epidemiology Terms

... A formal framework to convey ideas about the components of a host-parasite interaction. Construction requires three major types of information: (a) a clear understanding of the interaction within the individual host between the infectious agent and the host, (b) the mode and rate of transmission bet ...
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... Non-infectious materials (benign research materials that include non-infectious strains of bacteria and yeast used for BSL1 cloning experiments, non-conjugative strains of E. coli, Sacchromyces cerevisiae) Well characterized cells and tissues from sources other than human or non-human primates (incl ...
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US Discussion Guide-The Immune System and Flu

...  BI10. c. Students know how vaccination protects an individual from infectious diseases. Part I .The Immune System 1.) What is a phagocyte? ...
the_search_for_better_health_-_part_1 - HSC Guru
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... Hands must always be washed with soap and water before preparing and eating food and after going to the toilet. This prevents the spread of pathogens that cause diseases such as diarrhoea, and helps control these diseases. The body and hair should be regularly washed and teeth cleaned to precent th ...
Biology – The Search for Better Health
Biology – The Search for Better Health

... Hands must always be washed with soap and water before preparing and eating food and after going to the toilet. This prevents the spread of pathogens that cause diseases such as diarrhoea, and helps control these diseases. The body and hair should be regularly washed and teeth cleaned to precent th ...
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Getting to Know: Immune

... structures and glands that produce a substance called lymph. Lymph contains billions of white blood cells. Clusters of cells called lymph nodes are found at certain points in the lymphatic system. The nodes collect dead pathogens and remove them from the lymph. The lymph nodes also contain special b ...
to view a sample chapter of SACE1 Biology
to view a sample chapter of SACE1 Biology

... Pathogens may alter the behaviour of their host which may assist in the spread of the microbe to other hosts. Two examples of this type of action are: Inducing diarrhoea; whilst this may flush some bacteria from the gut assisting the host, it also enables infections to spread via contaminated water. ...
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Cross-species transmission

Cross-species transmission (CST) is the phenomenon of transfer of viral infection from one species, usually a similar species, to another. Often seen in emerging viruses where one species transfers to another which in turn transfers to humans. Examples include HIV-AIDS, SARS, Ebola, Swine flu, rabies, and Bird flu.The exact mechanism that facilitates the transfer is unknown, however, it is believed that viruses with a rapid mutation rate are able to overcome host-specific immunological defenses. This can occur between species that have high contact rates. It can also occur between species with low contact rates but usually through an intermediary species. Bats, for example, are mammals and can directly transfer rabies to humans through bite and also through aerosolization of bat salvia and urine which are then absorbed by human mucous membranes in the nose, mouth and eyes.Similarity between species, for example, transfer between mammals, is believed to be facilitated by similar immunological defenses. Other factors include geographic area, intraspecies behaviours, and phylogenetic relatedness. Virus emergence relies on two factors: initial infection and sustained transmission.
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