PDF - Florida Climate Change Task Force
... resources and water-related infrastructure that are vulnerable to climate change; (2) show demographics in the state that are vulnerable to climate change impacts with a focus on water resources and sea level rise; and (3) highlight some of the alternative technologies currently being used to solve ...
... resources and water-related infrastructure that are vulnerable to climate change; (2) show demographics in the state that are vulnerable to climate change impacts with a focus on water resources and sea level rise; and (3) highlight some of the alternative technologies currently being used to solve ...
Chapter 46 – Hydrothermal vents and cold seeps
... metal-rich substrate or to the proximity of highly productive chemosynthetic ecosystem at local to regional scale. Furthermore, despite the absence of high temperature associated with black smokers, some of these inferred ‘inactive’ areas may display diffuse flow vents, that are much more difficult ...
... metal-rich substrate or to the proximity of highly productive chemosynthetic ecosystem at local to regional scale. Furthermore, despite the absence of high temperature associated with black smokers, some of these inferred ‘inactive’ areas may display diffuse flow vents, that are much more difficult ...
Abundance and diversity of surface zooplankton in the Gulf of Aqaba
... Straits of Tiran and sounds 1800 m. The climate in this area is hot and dry. Rainfall is scarce (average 22 mm per year). The mean annual temperature of the water is 23.0°C. Evaporation is exceptionally intense (average 200 cm per year) (Godeaux, 1986). The water is hypersaline (41.0-42.0%o). Surfac ...
... Straits of Tiran and sounds 1800 m. The climate in this area is hot and dry. Rainfall is scarce (average 22 mm per year). The mean annual temperature of the water is 23.0°C. Evaporation is exceptionally intense (average 200 cm per year) (Godeaux, 1986). The water is hypersaline (41.0-42.0%o). Surfac ...
F-FOFM Report
... shelf by reference to the 200 metre isobath and the criteria of exploitability. The outer limit of the legal continental shelf in UNCLOS is also determined by reference to a distance of 200 nautical miles or to the outer edge of the geological continental margin, wherever there is geological evidenc ...
... shelf by reference to the 200 metre isobath and the criteria of exploitability. The outer limit of the legal continental shelf in UNCLOS is also determined by reference to a distance of 200 nautical miles or to the outer edge of the geological continental margin, wherever there is geological evidenc ...
6.19 The Oceanic CaCO3 Cycle - Earth and Environmental Sciences
... “transition zone.” Where quantification is appropriate, the depth of the mid-point of CaCO3 decline should be given. While the width of the zone is also of interest, its definition suffers from the same problems associated with the use of the terms “lysocline” and “compensation depth,” namely, the b ...
... “transition zone.” Where quantification is appropriate, the depth of the mid-point of CaCO3 decline should be given. While the width of the zone is also of interest, its definition suffers from the same problems associated with the use of the terms “lysocline” and “compensation depth,” namely, the b ...
Multipurpose Acoustic Networks in the Integrated Arctic Ocean
... dramatic changes, with record low sea ice extent in summer, including a new record minimum set in 2012 (NSIDC, 2012), and the significant reduction of multiyear ice (Maslanik et al., 2011; NRC, 2012). Atmospheric warming is a dominant force in the melting of ice, but melting by warming from underlyi ...
... dramatic changes, with record low sea ice extent in summer, including a new record minimum set in 2012 (NSIDC, 2012), and the significant reduction of multiyear ice (Maslanik et al., 2011; NRC, 2012). Atmospheric warming is a dominant force in the melting of ice, but melting by warming from underlyi ...
Author`s personal copy - Institut Méditerranéen d`Océanologie
... Box 2. Disentangling the ups and downs of temperature Current climate warming, though anthropogenically-driven, is superimposed over natural phenomena, some of which are cyclic. During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), 23 000 to 19 000 years ago, the Mediterranean sea surface temperature was 2 8C low ...
... Box 2. Disentangling the ups and downs of temperature Current climate warming, though anthropogenically-driven, is superimposed over natural phenomena, some of which are cyclic. During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), 23 000 to 19 000 years ago, the Mediterranean sea surface temperature was 2 8C low ...
phosphorus recycling in brackish and marine environments
... and in expanding areas of anoxic bottoms due to the restricted water exchange with the North Sea. Introduction of sewage treatment plants in major cities in the 1960’s and further improvements of these in the 70’s and 80’s decreased the phosphorus and later nitrogen loads to the waters. Despite the ...
... and in expanding areas of anoxic bottoms due to the restricted water exchange with the North Sea. Introduction of sewage treatment plants in major cities in the 1960’s and further improvements of these in the 70’s and 80’s decreased the phosphorus and later nitrogen loads to the waters. Despite the ...
A VISION FOR CIRCUMPOLAR PROTECTION
... absorb the carbon, which lowers the pH, and makes the water more acidic. Over only the last 200 years, the oceans have become 30% more acidic and if these trends continue, calcifying organisms will suffer deleterious effects25. The increased acidity can dissolve their shells and skeletons, while the ...
... absorb the carbon, which lowers the pH, and makes the water more acidic. Over only the last 200 years, the oceans have become 30% more acidic and if these trends continue, calcifying organisms will suffer deleterious effects25. The increased acidity can dissolve their shells and skeletons, while the ...
Antarctic Ocean Legacy: A Vision for Circumpolar
... absorb the carbon, which lowers the pH, and makes the water more acidic. Over only the last 200 years, the oceans have become 30% more acidic and if these trends continue, calcifying organisms will suffer deleterious effects25. The increased acidity can dissolve their shells and skeletons, while the ...
... absorb the carbon, which lowers the pH, and makes the water more acidic. Over only the last 200 years, the oceans have become 30% more acidic and if these trends continue, calcifying organisms will suffer deleterious effects25. The increased acidity can dissolve their shells and skeletons, while the ...
Benthic Exchange and Biogeochemical Cycling in Permeable
... Benthic animals pump water through permeable shelf sands at rates that rival those driven by physical mechanisms. Common bottom dwellers of permeable coastal sands include bristle worms of the genus Arenicola, which force water through their blind-ending J-shaped burrows into the sediment, thereby m ...
... Benthic animals pump water through permeable shelf sands at rates that rival those driven by physical mechanisms. Common bottom dwellers of permeable coastal sands include bristle worms of the genus Arenicola, which force water through their blind-ending J-shaped burrows into the sediment, thereby m ...
PDF Copy
... of civilization, and have cultural and aesthetic values as well. Coastal ecosystems are among the most productive because they are enriched by land-based nutrients and ...
... of civilization, and have cultural and aesthetic values as well. Coastal ecosystems are among the most productive because they are enriched by land-based nutrients and ...
Fundamental Characteristics of Hydrothermal Submarine Systems
... convective heat outflowing from the ocean is discharged in the form of both, continuous steady state venting and mega plumes. Alt (1995) estimated that submarine hydrothermal discharges remove about 30% of the heat lost from oceanic crust. The average heat flow in the Mexican Volcanic Belt is about ...
... convective heat outflowing from the ocean is discharged in the form of both, continuous steady state venting and mega plumes. Alt (1995) estimated that submarine hydrothermal discharges remove about 30% of the heat lost from oceanic crust. The average heat flow in the Mexican Volcanic Belt is about ...
Abrupt Ocean Anoxia During the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction
... There have been two major increases in marine biodiversity during the Phanerozoic, the first during the early Paleozoic and the second during the Mesozoic (Sheehan, 2001a; Stanley, 2007; Servais and Owen, 2010). The early Paleozoic expansion in marine biodiversity consists of the “Cambrian Explosion ...
... There have been two major increases in marine biodiversity during the Phanerozoic, the first during the early Paleozoic and the second during the Mesozoic (Sheehan, 2001a; Stanley, 2007; Servais and Owen, 2010). The early Paleozoic expansion in marine biodiversity consists of the “Cambrian Explosion ...
Services from the deep Steps towards valuation of deep sea goods
... remains piecemeal and partial. There are still substantial knowledge gaps concerning the occurrence and functioning of deep-sea ecosystems and their precise roles in global biogeochemical cycles (Cochonat et al., 2007). The interactions between the different bio-chemical cycles, habitats, ecosystems ...
... remains piecemeal and partial. There are still substantial knowledge gaps concerning the occurrence and functioning of deep-sea ecosystems and their precise roles in global biogeochemical cycles (Cochonat et al., 2007). The interactions between the different bio-chemical cycles, habitats, ecosystems ...
General Assembly - Piracy Legal Forum
... fulfil its role, including of making recommendations to coastal States, and that the summaries of recommendations are being made publicly available, 12 Noting also that many coastal States Parties have submitted preliminary information indicative of the outer limits of the continental shelf beyond 2 ...
... fulfil its role, including of making recommendations to coastal States, and that the summaries of recommendations are being made publicly available, 12 Noting also that many coastal States Parties have submitted preliminary information indicative of the outer limits of the continental shelf beyond 2 ...
Key - Scioly.org
... The bay curves to the right, and is in the Northern Hemisphere (Coriolis Effect) ...
... The bay curves to the right, and is in the Northern Hemisphere (Coriolis Effect) ...
Ocean Waste in the Gulf of Honduras: Where it goes and what to do
... debris has become a global problem because it is carried across ocean basins, contaminating even the most remote islands ….. “Plastics in the marine environment derive from two main sources: rubbish dumped from ships at sea and land-based sources such as runoff from rivers, waste water systems, wind ...
... debris has become a global problem because it is carried across ocean basins, contaminating even the most remote islands ….. “Plastics in the marine environment derive from two main sources: rubbish dumped from ships at sea and land-based sources such as runoff from rivers, waste water systems, wind ...
Mapping and Monitoring Large-Scale Ocean Fronts Off the
... who may have a need for it. Also, because ocean fronts change in time and space and since we cannot predict their behavior in detail, monitoring ocean fronts from space on a regular basis should benefit the marine community, including a number of agencies. The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) ...
... who may have a need for it. Also, because ocean fronts change in time and space and since we cannot predict their behavior in detail, monitoring ocean fronts from space on a regular basis should benefit the marine community, including a number of agencies. The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) ...
Good Practice Guide -Chapter 5 - Isle of Wight coastal management
... 'worst case', with climate change having a direct and negative impact on coastal processes and dramatic changes in coastal management practices, with all defences being lost over the next 100 years. ...
... 'worst case', with climate change having a direct and negative impact on coastal processes and dramatic changes in coastal management practices, with all defences being lost over the next 100 years. ...
Original Article - ICES Journal of Marine Science
... of benthic communities to the impact of trawling is still rudimentary. In the present study, we used data collected in the Barents Sea during 2011 to assess the vulnerability of benthic species to trawling, based on the risk of being caught or damaged by a bottom trawl. Using trait table analysis, w ...
... of benthic communities to the impact of trawling is still rudimentary. In the present study, we used data collected in the Barents Sea during 2011 to assess the vulnerability of benthic species to trawling, based on the risk of being caught or damaged by a bottom trawl. Using trait table analysis, w ...
Effects of global warming on oceans
Global warming can affect sea levels, coastlines, ocean acidification, ocean currents, seawater, sea surface temperatures, tides, the sea floor, weather, and trigger several changes in ocean bio-geochemistry; all of these affect the functioning of a society.