UNEP YEar Book 2013
... The world is warming, and with it the Arctic (Figure 4). However, the Arctic has been warming at least twice as fast as the global average (ACIA 2005, Arndt et al. 2012). One reason is that more heat is brought into the Arctic through the atmosphere and with ocean currents. Several local factors are ...
... The world is warming, and with it the Arctic (Figure 4). However, the Arctic has been warming at least twice as fast as the global average (ACIA 2005, Arndt et al. 2012). One reason is that more heat is brought into the Arctic through the atmosphere and with ocean currents. Several local factors are ...
Plankton Biol. Ecol. 48(1)
... and E. bungii contributed more than 90% of the total zooplankton biomass at an oceanic area of the Bering Sea dur ing spring-summer. Thus, the contribution of calanoid copepod biomass to the total zooplankton biomass during winter in the Bering Sea basin is less than that during spring-summer. One p ...
... and E. bungii contributed more than 90% of the total zooplankton biomass at an oceanic area of the Bering Sea dur ing spring-summer. Thus, the contribution of calanoid copepod biomass to the total zooplankton biomass during winter in the Bering Sea basin is less than that during spring-summer. One p ...
Resource Supply Overrides Temperature as a Controlling Factor of
... degree of temperature dependence exists in nature, where resources are often limiting. Here we use concurrent measurements of phytoplankton biomass and carbon fixation rates in polar, temperate and tropical regions to determine the role of temperature and resource supply in controlling the large-sca ...
... degree of temperature dependence exists in nature, where resources are often limiting. Here we use concurrent measurements of phytoplankton biomass and carbon fixation rates in polar, temperate and tropical regions to determine the role of temperature and resource supply in controlling the large-sca ...
Sea-level rise impacts on Africa and the effects of mitigation and
... Previous studies showed that with a mean global sealevel rise of only 0.38 m combined with population growth scenarios and no protection upgrade, the average number of people that experience annual coastal flooding in Africa could increase from 1 million/year in 1990 to 70 million/ year in the 2080s ...
... Previous studies showed that with a mean global sealevel rise of only 0.38 m combined with population growth scenarios and no protection upgrade, the average number of people that experience annual coastal flooding in Africa could increase from 1 million/year in 1990 to 70 million/ year in the 2080s ...
Microbial eukaryotic distribution in a dynamic Beaufort Sea and the
... different spatial and temporal scales (Stommel, 1958; Broecker, 1991; Lozier, 2010). Although larger organisms may actively seek different water masses for whatever reason, small planktonic organisms are at the whim of advective forces (Durham et al., 2009) and may become confined to their water mas ...
... different spatial and temporal scales (Stommel, 1958; Broecker, 1991; Lozier, 2010). Although larger organisms may actively seek different water masses for whatever reason, small planktonic organisms are at the whim of advective forces (Durham et al., 2009) and may become confined to their water mas ...
WaterfoWl and WetlandS amid Climate Change
... DU has prepared this white paper summarizing the impacts of climate change on waterfowl, wetlands, and the waterfowling community as part of the Sportsman’s Advisory Group on Climate Change supported by the Hewlett Foundation. The paper synthesizes new conservation and research approaches to provide ...
... DU has prepared this white paper summarizing the impacts of climate change on waterfowl, wetlands, and the waterfowling community as part of the Sportsman’s Advisory Group on Climate Change supported by the Hewlett Foundation. The paper synthesizes new conservation and research approaches to provide ...
Distribution of squid and fish in the pelagic zone of the
... (Efremenko and Pankratov, 1988; Kock, 1992). Larvae of Electrona antarctica and Notolepis coatsi are abundant in the surface layers (Efremenko and Pankratov, 1988; Hoddell et al., 2000). Older individuals are mainly distributed between 200 and 600 m depth during daytime and shift upward above 200 m ...
... (Efremenko and Pankratov, 1988; Kock, 1992). Larvae of Electrona antarctica and Notolepis coatsi are abundant in the surface layers (Efremenko and Pankratov, 1988; Hoddell et al., 2000). Older individuals are mainly distributed between 200 and 600 m depth during daytime and shift upward above 200 m ...
Distribution of Surface Plastic Debris in the Eastern Pacific Ocean
... eddies and fronts in one numerical ocean model.24 Local winddriven turbulence has been shown to vertically distribute even buoyant debris to depths unsampled by the surface-towed net,28 introducing variability on short time and space scales. When observed plastic concentrations within the accumulati ...
... eddies and fronts in one numerical ocean model.24 Local winddriven turbulence has been shown to vertically distribute even buoyant debris to depths unsampled by the surface-towed net,28 introducing variability on short time and space scales. When observed plastic concentrations within the accumulati ...
2018–2021 strategic plan - Alaska Sea Grant
... the wise use and conservation of Alaska’s marine, coastal, and watershed resources, through research, education, and extension. Alaska Sea Grant was established in 1970 and is the only Sea Grant program located in the Arctic. We are a state-federal partnership with the majority of federal funding co ...
... the wise use and conservation of Alaska’s marine, coastal, and watershed resources, through research, education, and extension. Alaska Sea Grant was established in 1970 and is the only Sea Grant program located in the Arctic. We are a state-federal partnership with the majority of federal funding co ...
GOOS Coastal Module Planning Workshop - unesdoc
... Why Do We Need a Coastal Component of GOOS? The coastal areas of the world’s oceans are extremely important both for the natural resources and ecological communities they contain and as areas of concentrated human activities. It is here probably more than anywhere else in the major components of the ...
... Why Do We Need a Coastal Component of GOOS? The coastal areas of the world’s oceans are extremely important both for the natural resources and ecological communities they contain and as areas of concentrated human activities. It is here probably more than anywhere else in the major components of the ...
Coral Bleaching and Global Climate Change: Scientific Findings
... Abstract: In 1998, tropical sea surface temperatures were the highest on record, topping off a 50year trend for some tropical oceans. In the same year, coral reefs around the world suffered the most extensive and severe bleaching (loss of symbiotic algae) and subsequent mortality on record. These ev ...
... Abstract: In 1998, tropical sea surface temperatures were the highest on record, topping off a 50year trend for some tropical oceans. In the same year, coral reefs around the world suffered the most extensive and severe bleaching (loss of symbiotic algae) and subsequent mortality on record. These ev ...
Exceptional twentieth-century slowdown in Atlantic
... Terray9 analysed the CMIP5 model ensemble together with observed SST data to quantify the relative contributions of radiatively forced changes to the total decadal SST variability. Although in most models forced changes explain more than half of the variance in low latitudes, they explain less than ...
... Terray9 analysed the CMIP5 model ensemble together with observed SST data to quantify the relative contributions of radiatively forced changes to the total decadal SST variability. Although in most models forced changes explain more than half of the variance in low latitudes, they explain less than ...
Full Article
... ordered and serene environment. 7 It was from this period that “development” started. The oceans and seas cover about 71.4 percent of the earth surface. 8 They comprise nine-tenths (9/10) of our water resources and are home to over 97 percent of life in our planet. They are an essential part of our ...
... ordered and serene environment. 7 It was from this period that “development” started. The oceans and seas cover about 71.4 percent of the earth surface. 8 They comprise nine-tenths (9/10) of our water resources and are home to over 97 percent of life in our planet. They are an essential part of our ...
Comparison of remotely-sensed surveys vs. in situ plot
... grass bed are identified and then re classed as appropriate. While the methodology was designed to be easily repeatable, this present paper represents the first attempt at employing the methodology for mapping and quantifying change in the spatial distribution of sea grass area and cover. Film aeria ...
... grass bed are identified and then re classed as appropriate. While the methodology was designed to be easily repeatable, this present paper represents the first attempt at employing the methodology for mapping and quantifying change in the spatial distribution of sea grass area and cover. Film aeria ...
![1 ` ENSO Jigsaw [Key Science Knowledge Module] 1 Activity](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/002255692_1-b3764e755108876b68131d38df3bc666-300x300.png)
1 ` ENSO Jigsaw [Key Science Knowledge Module] 1 Activity
... winds blowing westward cause a large pool of warm water in the western Pacific Ocean. Air rises over this warm pool. Rising air leaves the lower atmosphere and airflows in to fill the gap. The air filling the gap causes the winds to blow towards the warm water. The winds blowing in to fill the gap a ...
... winds blowing westward cause a large pool of warm water in the western Pacific Ocean. Air rises over this warm pool. Rising air leaves the lower atmosphere and airflows in to fill the gap. The air filling the gap causes the winds to blow towards the warm water. The winds blowing in to fill the gap a ...
Report - INCOIS
... The eastward-flowing Wyrtki Jet during the transition between the two monsoons, in May and in October The unique boundary currents (the East African Coastal, the Mozambique and the Agulhas Currents (from north to south) on the western side and the Leeuwin Current on the eastern side, off western Aus ...
... The eastward-flowing Wyrtki Jet during the transition between the two monsoons, in May and in October The unique boundary currents (the East African Coastal, the Mozambique and the Agulhas Currents (from north to south) on the western side and the Leeuwin Current on the eastern side, off western Aus ...
SECOND-ORDER DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 6 Do Not Cite
... magnitude of change). [6.2.5, 6.3.2, 6.4, 6.5] The oceans currently provide about half of global net primary production (NPP). Environmental controls on NPP include temperature, CO2, nutrient supply and irradiance all of which are projected to be altered (WGI). The direction, magnitude and regional ...
... magnitude of change). [6.2.5, 6.3.2, 6.4, 6.5] The oceans currently provide about half of global net primary production (NPP). Environmental controls on NPP include temperature, CO2, nutrient supply and irradiance all of which are projected to be altered (WGI). The direction, magnitude and regional ...
Observations of floating anthropogenic litter in the Barents Sea and
... and non-biodegradable (Andrady 2015) and carry added and/or adsorbed pollutants (Engler 2012). If ingested, these may accumulate through the food web (Kühn et al. 2015). Entanglement in or attachment to floating litter opens new routes of biota transportation, which could enable alien invasion (Kie ...
... and non-biodegradable (Andrady 2015) and carry added and/or adsorbed pollutants (Engler 2012). If ingested, these may accumulate through the food web (Kühn et al. 2015). Entanglement in or attachment to floating litter opens new routes of biota transportation, which could enable alien invasion (Kie ...
Scientific Synthesis of the Impacts of Ocean Fertilization
... As early as the 1930s, scientists had speculated that iron deficiency could account for areas of the world’s oceans with scarce phytoplankton growth. In the 1980s, the studies of the oceanographer John Martin confirmed that the scarcity of iron micronutrients was indeed a major factor in limiting ph ...
... As early as the 1930s, scientists had speculated that iron deficiency could account for areas of the world’s oceans with scarce phytoplankton growth. In the 1980s, the studies of the oceanographer John Martin confirmed that the scarcity of iron micronutrients was indeed a major factor in limiting ph ...
1994 arctic ocean section - CCHDO - University of California San
... July 1994 the Louis S. St-Laurent and the Polar Sea steamed northward from Nome to start the Canada–U.S. 1994 Arctic Ocean Section. From the beginning the scientific goal of the undertaking had been to substantially increase the observational base necessary for understanding the role of the Arctic i ...
... July 1994 the Louis S. St-Laurent and the Polar Sea steamed northward from Nome to start the Canada–U.S. 1994 Arctic Ocean Section. From the beginning the scientific goal of the undertaking had been to substantially increase the observational base necessary for understanding the role of the Arctic i ...
Plankton trophodynamics at the subtropical convergence, Southern
... (maximum surface temperature 218C), including the euphausiids, salps, amphipods, copepods, ostracods, pyrosomes, pteropods and chaetognaths, compared with those in the cool, less saline southern water mass (minimum surface temperature 118C). Similar patterns of d15N in POM collected throughout the r ...
... (maximum surface temperature 218C), including the euphausiids, salps, amphipods, copepods, ostracods, pyrosomes, pteropods and chaetognaths, compared with those in the cool, less saline southern water mass (minimum surface temperature 118C). Similar patterns of d15N in POM collected throughout the r ...
Effects of global warming on oceans
Global warming can affect sea levels, coastlines, ocean acidification, ocean currents, seawater, sea surface temperatures, tides, the sea floor, weather, and trigger several changes in ocean bio-geochemistry; all of these affect the functioning of a society.