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The Family of Stars
The Family of Stars

... The flux received from both stars is the same, but star B is 5 times more luminous than star A, so star B must be further away. The flux received from both stars is the same, but star B is 100 times more luminous than star A, so star B must be further away. Both stars are equally luminous, but the f ...
9. Fascinating observations. But how much is well understood?
9. Fascinating observations. But how much is well understood?

The Stars - University of Redlands
The Stars - University of Redlands

... Doppler shifts in the spectra of Mizar A and B, indicating that they are each binary stars. But they were too close to be directly imaged - until 2 May 1996, when the NPOI produced the first image of Mizar A. That image was the highest angular resolution image ever made in optical astronomy. Since t ...
YSO/PMS disk types, time-scales and evolution from 1
YSO/PMS disk types, time-scales and evolution from 1

Study Guide for 3RD Astronomy Exam
Study Guide for 3RD Astronomy Exam

... List the differences in energy production between low-mass stars and high-mass stars. Describe the interior structure of a high-mass star near the end of its lifetime. Identify the types of stars that will experience a core-collapse (Type II) supernova. Identify the composition of the core of a star ...
eneb_form
eneb_form

Birth and Death of Stars
Birth and Death of Stars

... Life Cycle of High Mass Star • After the supergiant stage, massive stars contract with a gravitational force much greater than low mass stars. The high pressures and temperatures that result causes nuclear fusion to begin again. This time the core fuses into heavier elements such as oxygen, magnesi ...
X-ray Astronomy
X-ray Astronomy

Spectroscopy – the study of the colors of light (the spectrum) given
Spectroscopy – the study of the colors of light (the spectrum) given

... because these electrons are too tightly held in their orbitals. Calcium and Titanium lines are common because they easily lose their electrons. ...
Spectral Classification and the HR Diagram
Spectral Classification and the HR Diagram

test - Scioly.org
test - Scioly.org

... D) J075141 lJl74L4A E) SS Cygd 65) Which ashonomical object on this year's list is described as "a spherical collection of hundreds of thousands of stars in the outer halo of the Large Magellanic Cloud that catbe seen from the southern fusmisphere." D) NGC 1846 A) SNR G1.9+0.3 E) SNR 0s09-67.s B) SS ...
Studying Science
Studying Science

... do not appear to move at all  Same for stars and planets ...
Lecture 5/10 The interstellar medium and star formation Ulf
Lecture 5/10 The interstellar medium and star formation Ulf

... radiation ionises the surrounding hydrogen gas and we get HII regions. In these regions there is a balance between the ionisation of neutral hydrogen atoms by the ultraviolet photons and the recombination of protons and electrons. During the recombination events the electrons cascade down through th ...
Lecture102802 - FSU High Energy Physics
Lecture102802 - FSU High Energy Physics

... we see only a few ...
Objectives
Objectives

... • Less massive stars burn cooler and therefore can last longer • Our Sun will fuse hydrogen for about 10 billion years • Once a star’s Hydrogen supply runs out, fusion stops and the core begins to contract • At this time, the outer layers of hydrogen fuse at an incredible rate and the star expands t ...
Brock physics - Brock University
Brock physics - Brock University

... 34. The layer of the Sun that we normally see is the (a) ionosphere. (b) photosphere. (c) corona. (d) chromosphere. 35. The surface temperature of the Sun in degrees Kelvin is about (a) 6,000,000. (b) 60,000. (c) 6000. (d) 600. 36. The nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium inside a star begins at a ...
Contemporary Physics - Department of Physics and Astronomy
Contemporary Physics - Department of Physics and Astronomy

... Our nearest stellar neighbor, Proxima Centauri, is a red star with an apparent magnitude 11.05, and it is 4.2 light years from us. Its “absolute” magnitude is how bright it would appear to be if it were 10 parsecs away, where a parsec is 3.26 light years. What is the absolute magnitude of Proxima Ce ...
High Mass Stars
High Mass Stars

... – From H-R diagram its luminosity is 100000 times greater than the Sun’s. – It therefore burns fuel (uses it’s mass) 100000 times faster than the Sun. – It has 25 times the mass of the Sun so its lifetime will be 25/100000 = 0.00025 times than the Sun’s lifetime = 2.5 million years. ...
Looking Back in Time Space Flight to the Stars
Looking Back in Time Space Flight to the Stars

... group of three stars that orbit each other. This group is called the Centauri system (Figure 7.8). It lies about 4.3 ly away from the solar system. If it were possible for you to have a cellphone conversation with someone living near these stars, just saying hello to each other would require more th ...
Solutions
Solutions

... Table 18-3 in the textbook says that Type I Supernovae have M = −20. So from ...
The Star
The Star

... events that led up to it, and, if possible, to learn its cause. We came slowly in through the concentric shells of gas that had been blasted out six thousand years before, yet were expanding still. They were immensely hot, radiating even now with a fierce violet light, but were far too tenuous to do ...
Black Holes Jan Gutowski King’s College London
Black Holes Jan Gutowski King’s College London

... When a star starts to run out of hydrogen, the heavier elements may also undergo fusion, but it takes more energy to do this, and the process becomes less efficient. ...
Supernovae - Michigan State University
Supernovae - Michigan State University

... This is the fraction of matter in the Galaxy that had to be processed through the scenario (massive stars here) to account for todays observed solar abundances. To explain the origin of the elements one needs to have • constant overproduction (then the pattern is solar) • sufficiently high overprodu ...
lecture19 - Stony Brook University
lecture19 - Stony Brook University

Spectroscopy in stellar astrophysics
Spectroscopy in stellar astrophysics

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Future of an expanding universe

Observations suggest that the expansion of the universe will continue forever. If so, the universe will cool as it expands, eventually becoming too cold to sustain life. For this reason, this future scenario is popularly called the Big Freeze.If dark energy—represented by the cosmological constant, a constant energy density filling space homogeneously, or scalar fields, such as quintessence or moduli, dynamic quantities whose energy density can vary in time and space—accelerates the expansion of the universe, then the space between clusters of galaxies will grow at an increasing rate. Redshift will stretch ancient, incoming photons (even gamma rays) to undetectably long wavelengths and low energies. Stars are expected to form normally for 1012 to 1014 (1–100 trillion) years, but eventually the supply of gas needed for star formation will be exhausted. And as existing stars run out of fuel and cease to shine, the universe will slowly and inexorably grow darker, one star at a time. According to theories that predict proton decay, the stellar remnants left behind will disappear, leaving behind only black holes, which themselves eventually disappear as they emit Hawking radiation. Ultimately, if the universe reaches a state in which the temperature approaches a uniform value, no further work will be possible, resulting in a final heat death of the universe.
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