Optimal Control for a Class of Compartmental Models in Cancer Chemotherapy
... Another blocking agent is Hydroxyurea - HU [28], [11] which is found to synchronize cells by causing brief and invisible inhibition of DNA synthesis in the phase S and holding cells in G1 . The recruitment action was demonstrated [3] for Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factors - G-CSF, Granulocyte Ma ...
... Another blocking agent is Hydroxyurea - HU [28], [11] which is found to synchronize cells by causing brief and invisible inhibition of DNA synthesis in the phase S and holding cells in G1 . The recruitment action was demonstrated [3] for Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factors - G-CSF, Granulocyte Ma ...
Drugs - Hormone Restoration
... anticonvulsants, an interaction of these drugs with gonadal, thyroid, and adrenal axis deserves attention. Since majority of antiepileptic drugs block voltage dependent sodium and calcium channels, enhance GABAergic transmission and/or antagonize glutamate receptors, one may expect that similar neur ...
... anticonvulsants, an interaction of these drugs with gonadal, thyroid, and adrenal axis deserves attention. Since majority of antiepileptic drugs block voltage dependent sodium and calcium channels, enhance GABAergic transmission and/or antagonize glutamate receptors, one may expect that similar neur ...
(eg, ER binding training set (TrSet))
... the potential to bind ER based on electronic interactions. ...
... the potential to bind ER based on electronic interactions. ...
Process-based models are required to manage ecological systems
... extrapolation models are often quite transparent, being based in statistical theory. In addition, statistical models do allow the sophisticated partitioning of uncertainty among fixed model elements. However, the correlative rather than causal nature of these models may limit our ability to determin ...
... extrapolation models are often quite transparent, being based in statistical theory. In addition, statistical models do allow the sophisticated partitioning of uncertainty among fixed model elements. However, the correlative rather than causal nature of these models may limit our ability to determin ...
pharmacological review of chemicals used for the capture of animals
... general, the CNS depressants are safer to use than the neuromuscular blocking agents because: (1) they exhibit a greater safety margin, and (2) many of the CNS depressants have effective antidotes that reverse the immobilized condition within a matter of minutes. Site and mode of action of the CNS d ...
... general, the CNS depressants are safer to use than the neuromuscular blocking agents because: (1) they exhibit a greater safety margin, and (2) many of the CNS depressants have effective antidotes that reverse the immobilized condition within a matter of minutes. Site and mode of action of the CNS d ...
Injectable Anesthetics - Dr. Roberta Dev Anand
... metabolized by the liver – takes longer than redistribution Low lipid solubility results in long acting drug excreted primarily through the kidneys – longest process ...
... metabolized by the liver – takes longer than redistribution Low lipid solubility results in long acting drug excreted primarily through the kidneys – longest process ...
Anti Histamin H 1 receptor antagonists
... • Topical capsaicin acts through TRPV1 (transient-receptor potential vanilloid receptor-1 ) expressed on sensory skin nerves to release neuropeptides such as substance P. • TRPV1 recently has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pruritus and thus may be the target through which capsaicin exerts it ...
... • Topical capsaicin acts through TRPV1 (transient-receptor potential vanilloid receptor-1 ) expressed on sensory skin nerves to release neuropeptides such as substance P. • TRPV1 recently has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pruritus and thus may be the target through which capsaicin exerts it ...
Population dynamics of two marine polychaetes: the
... erroneous results. Higher-dimensional systems can be rewritten in terms of one-dimensional systems with time delays (Royama, 1981, 1992). Studies based on singlespecies models with time delays indeed pointed to the existence of chaotic dynamics in natural populations (Turchin and Taylor, 1992; Turch ...
... erroneous results. Higher-dimensional systems can be rewritten in terms of one-dimensional systems with time delays (Royama, 1981, 1992). Studies based on singlespecies models with time delays indeed pointed to the existence of chaotic dynamics in natural populations (Turchin and Taylor, 1992; Turch ...
Opioid Receptors: Oligomerization and Desensitization
... increase the cAMP level • Removal from cell surface - endocytosis – Via phosphorylation by GPK (GPCR kinase), binding of betaarrestin, and initiation of clathrin vessicle formation by Phospholipase D2 (Koch et al 2004) – Once the receptors are concentrated in clathrin-coated pits, dynamin causes fis ...
... increase the cAMP level • Removal from cell surface - endocytosis – Via phosphorylation by GPK (GPCR kinase), binding of betaarrestin, and initiation of clathrin vessicle formation by Phospholipase D2 (Koch et al 2004) – Once the receptors are concentrated in clathrin-coated pits, dynamin causes fis ...
Effects of Phenobarbital and carbon tetrachloride on liver enzymes
... Group 6: Served as controls for CCl4 treated rats. ...
... Group 6: Served as controls for CCl4 treated rats. ...
Drugs, Society, and Human Behavior
... Tolerance occurs when high levels are used over long periods. Physical dependence has been observed under certain heavy use conditions. Psychological dependence does not occur for most users, but can occur with frequent heavy use. Withdrawal symptoms occur within 1 day and persist 4-12 days Anxiet ...
... Tolerance occurs when high levels are used over long periods. Physical dependence has been observed under certain heavy use conditions. Psychological dependence does not occur for most users, but can occur with frequent heavy use. Withdrawal symptoms occur within 1 day and persist 4-12 days Anxiet ...
Appendix S5.
... about 2.2 – 2.4 mg/kg or about 140 mg. No histopathological lesions of major toxicological concern were detected, and, specifically, there was no indication of any proliferative lesions in the 52-week study. Similar results were obtained in a 13-week study in mice at target doses up to 1000 mg/kg ad ...
... about 2.2 – 2.4 mg/kg or about 140 mg. No histopathological lesions of major toxicological concern were detected, and, specifically, there was no indication of any proliferative lesions in the 52-week study. Similar results were obtained in a 13-week study in mice at target doses up to 1000 mg/kg ad ...
1 - Yimg
... Distribution/site in the body Synthesis/storage/release/metabolism Factors that stimulate synthesis, release Specific receptors Pharmacologic action/effect of agonists, antagonists and enzyme inhibitors Clinical applications ...
... Distribution/site in the body Synthesis/storage/release/metabolism Factors that stimulate synthesis, release Specific receptors Pharmacologic action/effect of agonists, antagonists and enzyme inhibitors Clinical applications ...
Injectable Anesthetics - Dr. Roberta Dev Anand
... High solubility results in rapid tissue redistribution Moderate solubility results in short-acting drug metabolized by the liver – takes longer than redistribution Low lipid solubility results in long acting drug excreted primarily through the kidneys – longest process ...
... High solubility results in rapid tissue redistribution Moderate solubility results in short-acting drug metabolized by the liver – takes longer than redistribution Low lipid solubility results in long acting drug excreted primarily through the kidneys – longest process ...
Oral Drugs for Type 2 For complete drug information, see the
... Target: Decreases insulin resistance at the muscle and liver. Use: Typically takes 4 to 6 weeks to see an effect on blood glucose. Advantages: May improve HDL (“good”) cholesterol and triglycerides. Possible side effects: Can cause weight gain and fluid retention. Caution: These drugs can cause hear ...
... Target: Decreases insulin resistance at the muscle and liver. Use: Typically takes 4 to 6 weeks to see an effect on blood glucose. Advantages: May improve HDL (“good”) cholesterol and triglycerides. Possible side effects: Can cause weight gain and fluid retention. Caution: These drugs can cause hear ...
Paracetamol toxicity
... at increased risk for hepatotoxicity following ingestion of multiple supratherapeutic doses of PARA. Chronic liver disease who do not regularly ingest alcohol do NOT appear to be at increased risk for PARAinduced hepatic injury. Although the PARA elimination half-life in this patient population ma ...
... at increased risk for hepatotoxicity following ingestion of multiple supratherapeutic doses of PARA. Chronic liver disease who do not regularly ingest alcohol do NOT appear to be at increased risk for PARAinduced hepatic injury. Although the PARA elimination half-life in this patient population ma ...
Safety, Efficacy and Patient Acceptability of Bazedoxifene Acetate in
... (predominant in the female reproductive system) was found to stimulate cell growth, activation of ERβ (gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, respiratory and urinary system) often counteracts this process.36 SERMs are substances with the ability to act as specific agonists\ antagonists on the estrogen ...
... (predominant in the female reproductive system) was found to stimulate cell growth, activation of ERβ (gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, respiratory and urinary system) often counteracts this process.36 SERMs are substances with the ability to act as specific agonists\ antagonists on the estrogen ...
the hormone hoax thousands fall for
... believed to fit into the body’s estrogen receptors perfectly, without causing the biochemical disturbance sometimes created by the conjugated equine estrogen used in commercially formulated HT, which is a less perfect molecular match. A similar situation exists with bioidentical progesterone. Howeve ...
... believed to fit into the body’s estrogen receptors perfectly, without causing the biochemical disturbance sometimes created by the conjugated equine estrogen used in commercially formulated HT, which is a less perfect molecular match. A similar situation exists with bioidentical progesterone. Howeve ...
delestrogen - Hemingways.org
... throughout the cell, and bind to and activate the nuclear estrogen receptor, a DNA-binding protein which is found in estrogen-responsive tissues. The activated estrogen receptor binds to specific DNA sequences, or hormone-response elements, which enhance the transcription of adjacent genes and in tu ...
... throughout the cell, and bind to and activate the nuclear estrogen receptor, a DNA-binding protein which is found in estrogen-responsive tissues. The activated estrogen receptor binds to specific DNA sequences, or hormone-response elements, which enhance the transcription of adjacent genes and in tu ...
SPHAERANTHUS INDICUS ON LIVER DAMAGE IN WISTAR RATS Research Article
... at the early stages of the disease has demonstrated significantly improved outcome in various animal models and human studies. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated spontaneously in cells during metabolism is implicated in the aetiology of different degenerative ...
... at the early stages of the disease has demonstrated significantly improved outcome in various animal models and human studies. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated spontaneously in cells during metabolism is implicated in the aetiology of different degenerative ...
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are released during the
... constriction in the kidneys, decreasing or inhibiting blood flow to the nephrons. Norepinephrine, produced by the adrenal medulla, is a stresshormone that increases blood pressure, heart rate, and glucosefrom energy stores; in the kidneys, it will cause constriction of the smooth muscles, resulting ...
... constriction in the kidneys, decreasing or inhibiting blood flow to the nephrons. Norepinephrine, produced by the adrenal medulla, is a stresshormone that increases blood pressure, heart rate, and glucosefrom energy stores; in the kidneys, it will cause constriction of the smooth muscles, resulting ...
Performance Enhancement
... – Mature adipose cells have receptors for IGF-1 so it may have a direct effect on adipose cells. • May reduce fat mass. • Provide abundant fuel source in endurance events while protecting glycogen and protein. ...
... – Mature adipose cells have receptors for IGF-1 so it may have a direct effect on adipose cells. • May reduce fat mass. • Provide abundant fuel source in endurance events while protecting glycogen and protein. ...
Opioid Overdose - Baylor College of Medicine
... Notify close contact of planned use if using alone ...
... Notify close contact of planned use if using alone ...
Toxicodynamics
Toxicodynamics, termed pharmacodynamics in pharmacology, describes the dynamic interactions of a toxicant with a biological target and its biological effects. A biological target, also known as the site of action, can be binding proteins, ion channels, DNA, or a variety of other receptors. When a toxicant enters an organism, it can interact with these receptors and produce structural or functional alterations. The mechanism of action of the toxicant, as determined by a toxicant’s chemical properties, will determine what receptors are targeted and the overall toxic effect at the cellular level and organismal level.Toxicants have been grouped together according to their chemical properties by way of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs), which allows prediction of toxic action based on these properties. endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and carcinogens are examples of classes of toxicants that can act as QSARs. EDCs mimic or block transcriptional activation normally caused by natural steroid hormones. These types of chemicals can act on androgen receptors, estrogen receptors and thyroid hormone receptors. This mechanism can include such toxicants as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Another class of chemicals, carcinogens, are substances that cause cancer and can be classified as genotoxic or nongenotoxic carcinogens. These categories include toxicants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The process of toxicodynamics can be useful for application in environmental risk assessment by implementing toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) models. TKTD models include phenomenas such as time-varying exposure, carry-over toxicity, organism recovery time, effects of mixtures, and extrapolation to untested chemicals and species. Due to their advantages, these types of models may be more applicable for risk assessment than traditional modeling approaches.