Environmental pathology lec.1
... of lung cancer in non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoke is 1.3 times greater than in individuals not exposed to environmental smoke. Effects of Alcohol Adverse alcohol effects are due to: Acute alcohol injury including hepatic steatosis (fatty change), gastritis and ulceration, and the depression ...
... of lung cancer in non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoke is 1.3 times greater than in individuals not exposed to environmental smoke. Effects of Alcohol Adverse alcohol effects are due to: Acute alcohol injury including hepatic steatosis (fatty change), gastritis and ulceration, and the depression ...
estrogens & androgens
... densitometry, corresponds to the lowest 10%. Her comorbidities include hypertension; diabetes mellitus, type 2; and congestive heart failure (CHE). The attending physician suggests that if this patient had received long-term treatment with a drug affecting calcium metabolism her fracture could have ...
... densitometry, corresponds to the lowest 10%. Her comorbidities include hypertension; diabetes mellitus, type 2; and congestive heart failure (CHE). The attending physician suggests that if this patient had received long-term treatment with a drug affecting calcium metabolism her fracture could have ...
Benedict`S Soln(Qualitative)
... Bioaccumulation potential: Toxicity: Quantitative data on the ecological effect of this product are not available. Adverse ecological effects cannot be excluded in the event of improper handling or disposal. Do not allow to enter drinking water supplies, waste water, or soil! The following applies t ...
... Bioaccumulation potential: Toxicity: Quantitative data on the ecological effect of this product are not available. Adverse ecological effects cannot be excluded in the event of improper handling or disposal. Do not allow to enter drinking water supplies, waste water, or soil! The following applies t ...
Pharm Test 1
... presynaptic action and also LOTSA of them; vasoconstrict in VSM; 2 in cells of pancreas 1 – heart, fat, JG renin release, 2 – vascular and airway smooth muscle receptor activation – GTP, cAMP, pKA to Ca influx; leads to ↑ contractile and hr, so rhythm problems in these Rx, relaxation in VSM - ...
... presynaptic action and also LOTSA of them; vasoconstrict in VSM; 2 in cells of pancreas 1 – heart, fat, JG renin release, 2 – vascular and airway smooth muscle receptor activation – GTP, cAMP, pKA to Ca influx; leads to ↑ contractile and hr, so rhythm problems in these Rx, relaxation in VSM - ...
Power Point Presentation
... There is need for further information and/or testing There is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied already There is a need for limiting the risks ...
... There is need for further information and/or testing There is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied already There is a need for limiting the risks ...
Aquatic Communities: Habitats
... organisms are limited to where they can live by interactions between their physical and biological environment. Pick an animal from Touch and Tell. Draw it in the box provided. Which tidal zone, in the picture below, does it live? ...
... organisms are limited to where they can live by interactions between their physical and biological environment. Pick an animal from Touch and Tell. Draw it in the box provided. Which tidal zone, in the picture below, does it live? ...
Drug-receptor interactions
... Drug molecules in the environment of receptors are attracted initially by relatively long-range electrostatic forces. • 2. Then, if the molecule is suitably shaped to fit closely to the binding site of the receptor, hydrogen bonds and Wan der Waals forces briefly bind the drug receptor. • Irreversib ...
... Drug molecules in the environment of receptors are attracted initially by relatively long-range electrostatic forces. • 2. Then, if the molecule is suitably shaped to fit closely to the binding site of the receptor, hydrogen bonds and Wan der Waals forces briefly bind the drug receptor. • Irreversib ...
The role of animal behaviour in the study of endocrine
... through the skin, gills, and even via the mother in utero or in ovo. One of the most insidious characteristics of EDCs is that, because they are lipid-soluble, they tend to accumulate in animal body tissues. This problem is further compounded by the process of biomagnification, in which chemical con ...
... through the skin, gills, and even via the mother in utero or in ovo. One of the most insidious characteristics of EDCs is that, because they are lipid-soluble, they tend to accumulate in animal body tissues. This problem is further compounded by the process of biomagnification, in which chemical con ...
PEC/PNEC approach - Deltares Public Wiki
... These two assumptions have important consequences. By establishing which species is the most sensitive to the toxic effects of a chemical in the laboratory, extrapolation can subsequently be based on the data from that species. Furthermore, the functioning of any ecosystem in which that species exis ...
... These two assumptions have important consequences. By establishing which species is the most sensitive to the toxic effects of a chemical in the laboratory, extrapolation can subsequently be based on the data from that species. Furthermore, the functioning of any ecosystem in which that species exis ...
Steroid Hormones
... - Tablet of 0.18 mg of norgestimate and 35 mg of ethinyl estradiol for 7 days - Tablet of 0.215 mg of norgestrimate and 35 mg of ethinyl estradiol for 7 days - Tablet of 0.25 mg of norgestrimate and 35 mg of ethinyl estradiol for 7 days ...
... - Tablet of 0.18 mg of norgestimate and 35 mg of ethinyl estradiol for 7 days - Tablet of 0.215 mg of norgestrimate and 35 mg of ethinyl estradiol for 7 days - Tablet of 0.25 mg of norgestrimate and 35 mg of ethinyl estradiol for 7 days ...
Glossary
... community Different populations interacting with one another within the same environment. data Experimentally derived facts. development All the changes that take place during the life of an organism. ecosystem A setting in which populations interact with each other and with the physical environment ...
... community Different populations interacting with one another within the same environment. data Experimentally derived facts. development All the changes that take place during the life of an organism. ecosystem A setting in which populations interact with each other and with the physical environment ...
Print Preview - C:\WINDOWS\TEMP\e3temp_4848\.aptcache
... Similar to how the interactions between you and your friends shape your relationships, the way organisms interact in nature determines the dynamics of an ecosystem. Two major interactions occur in nature: • Competition occurs when two organisms fight over the same limited resources. Competition can ...
... Similar to how the interactions between you and your friends shape your relationships, the way organisms interact in nature determines the dynamics of an ecosystem. Two major interactions occur in nature: • Competition occurs when two organisms fight over the same limited resources. Competition can ...
determination of CB 1 receptor binding and agonist activity of
... cannabinoids into Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812(c)) based on structure, receptor binding, and function. There are currently at least 17 chemical classes of cannabinoid structure known with all but two reported in the literature in seized samples prior to 2015. A number o ...
... cannabinoids into Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812(c)) based on structure, receptor binding, and function. There are currently at least 17 chemical classes of cannabinoid structure known with all but two reported in the literature in seized samples prior to 2015. A number o ...
estrogens and androgens
... Has various actions depending on the tissue Bone: agonist to prevent bone resorption Breast: antagonist Endometrium: a partial agonist with the risk of increasing endometrial cancer • USES: estrogen dependent breast cancer • SE: Hot flushes, nausea and vomiting ...
... Has various actions depending on the tissue Bone: agonist to prevent bone resorption Breast: antagonist Endometrium: a partial agonist with the risk of increasing endometrial cancer • USES: estrogen dependent breast cancer • SE: Hot flushes, nausea and vomiting ...
Slide ()
... Logarithmic transformation of the dose axis and experimental demonstration of spare receptors, using different concentrations of an irreversible antagonist. Curve A shows agonist response in the absence of antagonist. After treatment with a low concentration of antagonist (curve B), the curve is shi ...
... Logarithmic transformation of the dose axis and experimental demonstration of spare receptors, using different concentrations of an irreversible antagonist. Curve A shows agonist response in the absence of antagonist. After treatment with a low concentration of antagonist (curve B), the curve is shi ...
Y13 3.4 Plants and Animals
... • Free running period; when the biological clock is running without any environmental clues. • Entrainment: the resetting of the biological clock on a regular basis, done by a zeitgeber. • Zeitgeber: environmental agent that resets the biological clock e.g. change in light etc. • Circa: about, circ ...
... • Free running period; when the biological clock is running without any environmental clues. • Entrainment: the resetting of the biological clock on a regular basis, done by a zeitgeber. • Zeitgeber: environmental agent that resets the biological clock e.g. change in light etc. • Circa: about, circ ...
Ecological Networks - ChaosAndComplexity
... • Study of the interactions between organisms and their environment • Study of ecosystems – Ecosystem- web/network of relationships of organisms to each other and their environment ...
... • Study of the interactions between organisms and their environment • Study of ecosystems – Ecosystem- web/network of relationships of organisms to each other and their environment ...
Biosphere
... Chapter 3~The Biosphere 3.1~What is Ecology? -Biosphere extends from 8km above Earth to 11km below the ocean. ~It consists of all life on Earth & all parts of the Earth in which life exists (land, water, & the atmosphere) ...
... Chapter 3~The Biosphere 3.1~What is Ecology? -Biosphere extends from 8km above Earth to 11km below the ocean. ~It consists of all life on Earth & all parts of the Earth in which life exists (land, water, & the atmosphere) ...
Dopamin
... • Drug affinities of most neuroleptics for the D2 receptor reflect their potencies in treating schizophrenia. • The various receptors show different anatomic distributions. • The D4 receptor binds the atypical neuroleptic clozapine with an affinity ten times higher than that of D2 sites. ...
... • Drug affinities of most neuroleptics for the D2 receptor reflect their potencies in treating schizophrenia. • The various receptors show different anatomic distributions. • The D4 receptor binds the atypical neuroleptic clozapine with an affinity ten times higher than that of D2 sites. ...
Definition of the word `Drug`: Drugs are chemicals that prevent
... steric interactions between specific chemical groups of the drug. These sites are termed receptors. Types of Receptors: There are several types of receptors. G-protein coupled receptors, ion-gated channels, enzyme-linked receptors, intracellular receptors. Receptor definition is changing … DNA a ...
... steric interactions between specific chemical groups of the drug. These sites are termed receptors. Types of Receptors: There are several types of receptors. G-protein coupled receptors, ion-gated channels, enzyme-linked receptors, intracellular receptors. Receptor definition is changing … DNA a ...
AZ compound details for MRC Asset Sharing Sept 2016
... somnolence, and headache. These were transient, mild, and related to peak plasma concentrations. In patients dosed for up to 28 days, AZD7325 was generally well tolerated with the most frequent adverse events being dizziness, headache, and somnolence although one grand mal convulsion was also report ...
... somnolence, and headache. These were transient, mild, and related to peak plasma concentrations. In patients dosed for up to 28 days, AZD7325 was generally well tolerated with the most frequent adverse events being dizziness, headache, and somnolence although one grand mal convulsion was also report ...
Toxicodynamics
Toxicodynamics, termed pharmacodynamics in pharmacology, describes the dynamic interactions of a toxicant with a biological target and its biological effects. A biological target, also known as the site of action, can be binding proteins, ion channels, DNA, or a variety of other receptors. When a toxicant enters an organism, it can interact with these receptors and produce structural or functional alterations. The mechanism of action of the toxicant, as determined by a toxicant’s chemical properties, will determine what receptors are targeted and the overall toxic effect at the cellular level and organismal level.Toxicants have been grouped together according to their chemical properties by way of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs), which allows prediction of toxic action based on these properties. endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and carcinogens are examples of classes of toxicants that can act as QSARs. EDCs mimic or block transcriptional activation normally caused by natural steroid hormones. These types of chemicals can act on androgen receptors, estrogen receptors and thyroid hormone receptors. This mechanism can include such toxicants as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Another class of chemicals, carcinogens, are substances that cause cancer and can be classified as genotoxic or nongenotoxic carcinogens. These categories include toxicants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The process of toxicodynamics can be useful for application in environmental risk assessment by implementing toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) models. TKTD models include phenomenas such as time-varying exposure, carry-over toxicity, organism recovery time, effects of mixtures, and extrapolation to untested chemicals and species. Due to their advantages, these types of models may be more applicable for risk assessment than traditional modeling approaches.