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Changes in the diet of hake associated with El Ni˜no 1997
... SSTA was used to explore the association between the physical habitat variability and the changes in the diet of hake (Fig. 4a). Although anchovy is the dominant prey of the analysed size range of hake, the reduction of its availability during El Niño 1997–1998 (Chavez et al., 2003) (Fig. 4b) would ...
... SSTA was used to explore the association between the physical habitat variability and the changes in the diet of hake (Fig. 4a). Although anchovy is the dominant prey of the analysed size range of hake, the reduction of its availability during El Niño 1997–1998 (Chavez et al., 2003) (Fig. 4b) would ...
i Evaluating the Functional Trophic Level of the Global
... Previous studies have characterized the average trophic level of aquatic animals in culture at national, regional or global scales. All of these prior analyses, however, have assumed that the trophic level of an animal in culture is identical to when feeding in the wild. While reasonable for filter ...
... Previous studies have characterized the average trophic level of aquatic animals in culture at national, regional or global scales. All of these prior analyses, however, have assumed that the trophic level of an animal in culture is identical to when feeding in the wild. While reasonable for filter ...
Interacting influence of light and size on - Archipel
... The success or failure of a tree species to establish in different light conditions has been associated with optimum allocation theory. According to this theory, trees modify their allocation pattern to capture the resource that most limits growth (Poorter and Nagel 2000). For example, trees in low ...
... The success or failure of a tree species to establish in different light conditions has been associated with optimum allocation theory. According to this theory, trees modify their allocation pattern to capture the resource that most limits growth (Poorter and Nagel 2000). For example, trees in low ...
Selective feeding by protozoa: model and
... There is a good deal of evidence suggesting that planktonic protozoa are capable of selective feeding (see reviews by Stoecker, 1988; Verity, 1991b). On a mechanical level, some protozoans feed most efficiently (i.e. exhibit highest clearance rates) over a narrow prey size range, indicating that man ...
... There is a good deal of evidence suggesting that planktonic protozoa are capable of selective feeding (see reviews by Stoecker, 1988; Verity, 1991b). On a mechanical level, some protozoans feed most efficiently (i.e. exhibit highest clearance rates) over a narrow prey size range, indicating that man ...
2009 Ripples continental shelf
... over time at 12-m depth in the LEO-15 research area on Beach Haven Ridge. Crests, troughs and less consistently flanks of sand ripples 5–15-cm in height, were characterized by different infaunal community patterns at spatial scales of centimeters to kilometers on several sampling dates. Overall, infa ...
... over time at 12-m depth in the LEO-15 research area on Beach Haven Ridge. Crests, troughs and less consistently flanks of sand ripples 5–15-cm in height, were characterized by different infaunal community patterns at spatial scales of centimeters to kilometers on several sampling dates. Overall, infa ...
A New Approach to Homeostatic Regulation: Towards a Unified
... developed by Sterner and Elser [2] is very different from the rest of the huge body of literature existing on physiological homeostasis (e.g. temperature or osmotic pressure, [6–7]). In a broader context, homeostasis also relates to the capacity of an organism to maintain other biological parameters ...
... developed by Sterner and Elser [2] is very different from the rest of the huge body of literature existing on physiological homeostasis (e.g. temperature or osmotic pressure, [6–7]). In a broader context, homeostasis also relates to the capacity of an organism to maintain other biological parameters ...
Regional environments, lifehistory patterns, and
... augment cuticular resistance to water loss, and to a presumed capacity in dormant individuals for water vapour uptake from unsaturated air (Crawford, ...
... augment cuticular resistance to water loss, and to a presumed capacity in dormant individuals for water vapour uptake from unsaturated air (Crawford, ...
RESEARCH REPORT
... enclosure); 2) vegetation left untouched (CV); 3) one strip of vegetation 6-feet wide and 15feet long removed from the middle creating 30 feet of edge (IS); and 4) two strips 3-feet wide by IS-feet long removed at 3-foot intervals creating 60 feet of edge (2S). Three sizes of bass (8,11, and 14 inch ...
... enclosure); 2) vegetation left untouched (CV); 3) one strip of vegetation 6-feet wide and 15feet long removed from the middle creating 30 feet of edge (IS); and 4) two strips 3-feet wide by IS-feet long removed at 3-foot intervals creating 60 feet of edge (2S). Three sizes of bass (8,11, and 14 inch ...
Heteromorphic Life Histories of Certain Marine Algae as Adaptations
... and sporophytes. Each stage reproduces to form either more plants o f the same or the alternate stage. The heteromorphic species, "Form B," has dioecious, upright, filamentous gametophytes which produce two types o f cells: ( 1 ) zoospores which develop directly into more upright gametophytes and (2 ...
... and sporophytes. Each stage reproduces to form either more plants o f the same or the alternate stage. The heteromorphic species, "Form B," has dioecious, upright, filamentous gametophytes which produce two types o f cells: ( 1 ) zoospores which develop directly into more upright gametophytes and (2 ...
Minimizing Effects of Over-Water Docks on Federally Listed Fish
... 353) of the Columbia River. The multipurpose benefits of the project include navigation, flood control, irrigation, power, and recreation. The reservoir shorelines provide recreational opportunities to visitors and residents of the Tri-Cities (Pasco, Kennewick, and Richland), Washington located upst ...
... 353) of the Columbia River. The multipurpose benefits of the project include navigation, flood control, irrigation, power, and recreation. The reservoir shorelines provide recreational opportunities to visitors and residents of the Tri-Cities (Pasco, Kennewick, and Richland), Washington located upst ...
Marine Ecology
... have been shown to increase iron levels in surface waters up to 300 times greater then previous concentrations. Certain photosynthetic bacteria Trichodesmium, have also been shown to bloom in correlation with periods of high Saharan dust input. Trichodesmium is a marine bacterium that can utilize ni ...
... have been shown to increase iron levels in surface waters up to 300 times greater then previous concentrations. Certain photosynthetic bacteria Trichodesmium, have also been shown to bloom in correlation with periods of high Saharan dust input. Trichodesmium is a marine bacterium that can utilize ni ...
Amphibians in your garden
... also play an important role in conservation. Many of our wetlands have been drained for farming or development with the consequent loss of thousands of natural pools and ponds. Garden ponds alone can’t compensate for this but they can be very useful to wetland wildlife species – frogs, in particular ...
... also play an important role in conservation. Many of our wetlands have been drained for farming or development with the consequent loss of thousands of natural pools and ponds. Garden ponds alone can’t compensate for this but they can be very useful to wetland wildlife species – frogs, in particular ...
Fish and amphibians as bat predators
... them under a single case with several references. Moreover, to obtain data for natural predation as relevant as possible, I excluded cases where anamniotes, kept as pets, were fed by bats in captivity by their owners. ...
... them under a single case with several references. Moreover, to obtain data for natural predation as relevant as possible, I excluded cases where anamniotes, kept as pets, were fed by bats in captivity by their owners. ...
accepted manuscript
... Five sounds produced by each pipefish were randomly selected for acoustic analysis. Only sounds produced when the fish was positioned in the water column were analyzed. Background noise and artifacts characteristic of small tanks complicate acoustic recordings (Okumura, Akamatsu & Yan, 2002; Yager, ...
... Five sounds produced by each pipefish were randomly selected for acoustic analysis. Only sounds produced when the fish was positioned in the water column were analyzed. Background noise and artifacts characteristic of small tanks complicate acoustic recordings (Okumura, Akamatsu & Yan, 2002; Yager, ...
amphibian contributions to ecosystem services
... on their contribution to supporting services. This is also the area where amphibians are likely to have the largest contribution to ecosystem services. Supporting services have structural (e.g., habitat) and functional (e.g., ecosystem functions and processes) components. Amphibians can affect ecosy ...
... on their contribution to supporting services. This is also the area where amphibians are likely to have the largest contribution to ecosystem services. Supporting services have structural (e.g., habitat) and functional (e.g., ecosystem functions and processes) components. Amphibians can affect ecosy ...
The intraspecific scaling of metabolic rate with body mass in fishes
... for animals and plants, both within and between species (Bokma 2004; Glazier 2005; White et al. 2006; Seibel 2007; Makarieva et al. 2008). A key question is to what extent is this variation just statistical ÔnoiseÕ about an average scaling relationship, compared with systematic variation that could ...
... for animals and plants, both within and between species (Bokma 2004; Glazier 2005; White et al. 2006; Seibel 2007; Makarieva et al. 2008). A key question is to what extent is this variation just statistical ÔnoiseÕ about an average scaling relationship, compared with systematic variation that could ...
Status of the Nemertea as predators in marine ecosystems
... The ecology of nemertean predators in marine ecosystems is reviewed. Nemerteans occur in most marine environments although usually in low abundances. Some species, particularly in intertidal habitats, may reach locally high densities. During specific time periods appropriate for hunting, nemerteans ...
... The ecology of nemertean predators in marine ecosystems is reviewed. Nemerteans occur in most marine environments although usually in low abundances. Some species, particularly in intertidal habitats, may reach locally high densities. During specific time periods appropriate for hunting, nemerteans ...
Ecosystem perspective on changes and anomalies
... this population, there are concerns about the quality and amount of habitat available. As a result, we adopted a broad approach encompassing the entire GSL because this species likely uses a vast area of the GSL during its annual cycle (summer and winter habitats) that could impact its population dy ...
... this population, there are concerns about the quality and amount of habitat available. As a result, we adopted a broad approach encompassing the entire GSL because this species likely uses a vast area of the GSL during its annual cycle (summer and winter habitats) that could impact its population dy ...
Landscape and smaller-scale effects of lugworm
... present) benthic ecologists have asked whether microbial (or specifically bacterial) biomass comprises the bulk of deposit feeders’ diets. The vast majority of studies have answered in the negative (Kemp, 1987; Plante et al., 1989; van Oevelen et al., 2006). Somewhat more recently, microbial ecologi ...
... present) benthic ecologists have asked whether microbial (or specifically bacterial) biomass comprises the bulk of deposit feeders’ diets. The vast majority of studies have answered in the negative (Kemp, 1987; Plante et al., 1989; van Oevelen et al., 2006). Somewhat more recently, microbial ecologi ...
full text pdf
... The dynamics and functioning of whole ecosystems depend intimately on the transfer of energy and nutrients. Feeding interactions are the primary vector for the transfer of energy and nutrients in ecosystems, and consequently play a major role in both dictating the structure and dynamics of communiti ...
... The dynamics and functioning of whole ecosystems depend intimately on the transfer of energy and nutrients. Feeding interactions are the primary vector for the transfer of energy and nutrients in ecosystems, and consequently play a major role in both dictating the structure and dynamics of communiti ...
Predator interactions, mesopredator release and biodiversity
... extinction of some prey, especially those that are susceptible because they have low population growth rates or live in situations that leave them exposed to attack by mesopredators (Courchamp et al. 1999). Mesopredator release is therefore important not only for our understanding of how complex foo ...
... extinction of some prey, especially those that are susceptible because they have low population growth rates or live in situations that leave them exposed to attack by mesopredators (Courchamp et al. 1999). Mesopredator release is therefore important not only for our understanding of how complex foo ...