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Towards a framework for assessment and management of
Towards a framework for assessment and management of

... for acidification, presented a high variation in their impacts across functional compartments, possibly reflecting limited available information. The majority of food web components were most vulnerable to broad-scale irreversible coastal construction, such as ports, except for carnivores and omnivo ...
The role of highly mobile crab predators in the intertidal zonation of
The role of highly mobile crab predators in the intertidal zonation of

... by competition and predation. Lack of recruitment of planktonic propagules could also play a role (Underwood and Denley, 1984). Given this caveat, it does appear that predation by slow moving starfish and gastropods can determine the lower limits of distribution of sessile mussels and barnacles on w ...
Community structure and functioning in intertidal rock pools: effects
Community structure and functioning in intertidal rock pools: effects

... continuous variation in size parameters; hence, rather than factorial design using distinct size categories, we adopted a regression approach using continuous variation in both area and depth. Two shore heights were selected at each location, 1 toward the upper limit of barnacle distribution (‘upper ...
Biome A Biome B
Biome A Biome B

... This biome is said to have a Mediterranean climate. This biome covers regions of Earth that people pay big bucks to live in! The weather is always beautiful, no matter the season. This biome has mild, wet winters and warm, dry summers. In the winter, this biome typically see about 5-25 cm of precipi ...
Article
Article

... Predation effectiveness is strongly mediated by the architectural or structural complexity of habitats, which can have contrasting effects [12]: the structure can significantly lower predation risk when it serves as a refuge for prey [13] but can also increase susceptibility to predators that use st ...
evaluation of the factors that limit Olympia oyster
evaluation of the factors that limit Olympia oyster

... To examine the role of substrate limitation, I conducted surveys at 25 haphazardly selected intertidal mudflat sites (shown as unnumbered circles in Figure 1) in Elkhorn Slough in July 2007. Each survey began with rapid 10 minute searches for oysters, followed by an estimate of the size of the searc ...
Colonization of artificial seagrass versus time and distance from
Colonization of artificial seagrass versus time and distance from

... densities, the dominant crustacean Cymadusa compta (Amphipoda) colonized 38 times as abundantly as the dominant gastropod, Bittium varium. We attribute this increased crustacean colonization far from grassbeds to the 'nearest refuge' hypothesis, but also suggest an alternative predation hypothesis. ...
Refuges, Biological Disturbance, and Rocky Subtidal Community Structure in New... Author(s): Jon D. Witman
Refuges, Biological Disturbance, and Rocky Subtidal Community Structure in New... Author(s): Jon D. Witman

... Abstract. The effects of two sources of biological disturbance-predation and sea urchin grazingon the structure of benthic communities inside and outside beds of the horse mussel, Modiolus modiolus, were examined in the rocky subtidal zone off the Isles of Shoals, New Hampshire, USA. Multivariate an ...
PDF-1 - RUcore
PDF-1 - RUcore

... Ducklow (1983) suggested that primarily ciliated protozoa (ubiquitous in the marine environment), within the microzooplankton (20-200 µm diameter) and nanozooplankton (2-20 µm diameter), control standing stocks and metabolic activity of bacteria – and form an important link between nanoplankton and ...
ppt檔案
ppt檔案

... Grazing pressure by mule deer and elk was intense on their Arizona study sites. The grazers fed on nearly 75% of all plants and removed as much as 95% of the above ground biomass. When a single stalk was eaten, however, it was ...
Habitat Selection Among Fishes and Shrimp in the Pelagic
Habitat Selection Among Fishes and Shrimp in the Pelagic

... different attributes of algal architecture; assemblage abundance and number of species was higher on more complex algae. Clearly, structural differences in habitat can affect species richness and diversity of epifauna (Hicks, 1985; Gee and Warwick, 1994). However, there are still studies that found ...
Grass Carp, the White Amur: Ctenopharyngodon idella Cuvier and
Grass Carp, the White Amur: Ctenopharyngodon idella Cuvier and

Everglades Snail Kite - Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
Everglades Snail Kite - Wildlife Ecology and Conservation

link to thesis - Victoria University of Wellington
link to thesis - Victoria University of Wellington

... two fish species studied reduced grazer abundance. Although the second fish species did not consume grazing amphipods, its presence altered amphipod behaviour to significantly reduce grazing efficiency on the macroalgal-host. This study illustrates how density and trait-mediated indirect interaction ...
FAU Institutional Repository
FAU Institutional Repository

... In the absence of turbulent mixing, a detrital particle or other object moving passively upward or downward through the water column comes to rest at that level where its density is the same as that of the surrounding water. In haloclines, water density changes rapidly over a short vertical distance ...
Portz and Tyus 2004 - Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
Portz and Tyus 2004 - Wildlife Ecology and Conservation

Mrs. Krausz`s Environmental Science: Chapter 5 Study Guide
Mrs. Krausz`s Environmental Science: Chapter 5 Study Guide

... mountain meadow, grasshoppers and aphids eat the flowers and grasses. Ladybugs eat the aphids, and blue jays eat the grasshoppers and ladybugs. Blue jays also eat grass seeds and pine nuts and even an occasional small frog from the pond. The frogs ate algae in the pond when they were tadpoles, but n ...
terms of reference for the work of the w
terms of reference for the work of the w

... by the Ramsar Bureau, indicating that the new canal and water control structures were operational, allowing Danube water into Srebarna lake, and that the Dalmatian pelican nesting colony had been re-established at higher levels than before inscription of the site on the Ramsar and World Heritage li ...
Asian Carp Frequently Asked Questions
Asian Carp Frequently Asked Questions

... dispersal barriers. There are moderately abundant populations of both species in the Marseilles Pool of the Illinois River (approximately 50 miles downstream of the dispersal barriers) and abundant population farther downstream. Reproduction has not been documented in waters upstream of Marseilles L ...
Red Swamp Crayfish - Germantown Executive Summary By Andrew
Red Swamp Crayfish - Germantown Executive Summary By Andrew

... Western Ave. WDNR Fisheries, Water Resources and Wildlife staff cleared a swath on both sides of the ditch to maneuver equipment. Skid loaders were used to scrape a more defined channel through the woods which would hold the majority of future water flow. Once the channel was shaped, 12 ounce road c ...
USGS DDS-43, Non-Native Trout
USGS DDS-43, Non-Native Trout

... information on approximately 95% of the lakes larger than 1 ha within their jurisdiction. Yosemite and Sequoia-Kings Canyon National Parks both had data on a large proportion of lakes within their jurisdiction, although records from Yosemite National Park were more extensive and more detailed. The ...
Verween et al. 2006
Verween et al. 2006

... past. Harbours are often difficult to sample biologically and infected industries mainly focus on destroying the species without fully identifying the species. There is no doubt about the new arrival of the species in the industrial plant of Antwerp harbour because of the ongoing monitoring study, b ...
Shale Rock, South Rabbit Hills, and Fitzgerald FRF Rangeland Health Assessment
Shale Rock, South Rabbit Hills, and Fitzgerald FRF Rangeland Health Assessment

... The Long-term trend data from the allotments show adequate diversity of community structure including grasses, forbs, and shrubs appropriate for the site. This diversity ensures that the capture and storage of energy occurs throughout most of the season. Nutrient cycling is evident by litter accumu ...
Protecting aquatic organisms from chemicals
Protecting aquatic organisms from chemicals

... scientific discipline. Of course, gross pollution, particularly arising from disposal of untreated domestic and industrial wastes into rivers, had been occurring in industrialized countries for a century or more before specific ecotoxicological effects of chemicals were documented (see, for example, t ...
Compare and contrast the major types of species - science-b
Compare and contrast the major types of species - science-b

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Lake ecosystem

A lake ecosystem includes biotic (living) plants, animals and micro-organisms, as well as abiotic (nonliving) physical and chemical interactions.Lake ecosystems are a prime example of lentic ecosystems. Lentic refers to stationary or relatively still water, from the Latin lentus, which means sluggish. Lentic waters range from ponds to lakes to wetlands, and much of this article applies to lentic ecosystems in general. Lentic ecosystems can be compared with lotic ecosystems, which involve flowing terrestrial waters such as rivers and streams. Together, these two fields form the more general study area of freshwater or aquatic ecology. Lentic systems are diverse, ranging from a small, temporary rainwater pool a few inches deep to Lake Baikal, which has a maximum depth of 1740 m. The general distinction between pools/ponds and lakes is vague, but Brown states that ponds and pools have their entire bottom surfaces exposed to light, while lakes do not. In addition, some lakes become seasonally stratified (discussed in more detail below.) Ponds and pools have two regions: the pelagic open water zone, and the benthic zone, which comprises the bottom and shore regions. Since lakes have deep bottom regions not exposed to light, these systems have an additional zone, the profundal. These three areas can have very different abiotic conditions and, hence, host species that are specifically adapted to live there.
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