Invasive Plants in Pennsylvania
... A species that arrives in a habitat it had not previously occupied Establishes a population that spreads rapidly, often at the expense of native species Throughout history of life, species have spread to new regions but human influence has increased the dispersal ...
... A species that arrives in a habitat it had not previously occupied Establishes a population that spreads rapidly, often at the expense of native species Throughout history of life, species have spread to new regions but human influence has increased the dispersal ...
Mutualisms
... one species cannot survive without the presence of the other species; a facultative mutualism is an interaction that benefits both species but is not required by either species. One reason facultative mutualisms are more common is that A) in an obligate mutualism, if the partner becomes extinct, the ...
... one species cannot survive without the presence of the other species; a facultative mutualism is an interaction that benefits both species but is not required by either species. One reason facultative mutualisms are more common is that A) in an obligate mutualism, if the partner becomes extinct, the ...
Evolution_tst_se
... ____ 25. When natural selection results in a shift toward the average of a range of genetic expressions for a particular trait, an evolutionary biologist would credit a. stabilizing natural selection. b. discontinuous natural selection. c. disruptive natural selection. d. directional natural select ...
... ____ 25. When natural selection results in a shift toward the average of a range of genetic expressions for a particular trait, an evolutionary biologist would credit a. stabilizing natural selection. b. discontinuous natural selection. c. disruptive natural selection. d. directional natural select ...
Notes - local.brookings.k12.sd.us
... evolution in different places or at different times but in _________________________ environments…and end up looking very similar. ...
... evolution in different places or at different times but in _________________________ environments…and end up looking very similar. ...
Herbivore-Plant Interaction: Temperate and Tropical Patterns
... host fascinating and yet another example of the unexpected performance, abundance, and distribution of their food recomplexity at the interface between plants and their insect source plants. If insects can alter resource availability, then herbivores. Gilbert, discussing biodiversity of Heliconius t ...
... host fascinating and yet another example of the unexpected performance, abundance, and distribution of their food recomplexity at the interface between plants and their insect source plants. If insects can alter resource availability, then herbivores. Gilbert, discussing biodiversity of Heliconius t ...
HEE Chapter 3 Organization of Life
... in the same habitat and interact with each other. Every population is part of a community. The most obvious difference between communities is the types of species they have. Land communities are often dominated by a few species of plants. These plants then determine what other organisms can li ...
... in the same habitat and interact with each other. Every population is part of a community. The most obvious difference between communities is the types of species they have. Land communities are often dominated by a few species of plants. These plants then determine what other organisms can li ...
Evolution
... Evolution by Natural Selection • Natural selection is the process by which individuals that have favorable variations and are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do. • Darwin proposed that over many generations, natural selec ...
... Evolution by Natural Selection • Natural selection is the process by which individuals that have favorable variations and are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do. • Darwin proposed that over many generations, natural selec ...
Chapter 4 Lecture Notes
... Predation, parasitism, herbivory • Predation = process by which individuals of one species (predators) capture, kill, and consume individuals of another species (prey) ...
... Predation, parasitism, herbivory • Predation = process by which individuals of one species (predators) capture, kill, and consume individuals of another species (prey) ...
Ecosystem Dynamics
... Barnacles live & grow on the bodies of ocean organisms like whales. However, they do not help or cause any harm to them. ...
... Barnacles live & grow on the bodies of ocean organisms like whales. However, they do not help or cause any harm to them. ...
Chapter 2-3 Practice Questions
... The following observations were taken from a scientist's field study of milkweed plants from spring through fall. In the summer, the sugary nectar secreted by the milkweed's flowers attracts many bees, butterflies, moths, and a variety of smaller insects that carry away pollen when they depart. Milk ...
... The following observations were taken from a scientist's field study of milkweed plants from spring through fall. In the summer, the sugary nectar secreted by the milkweed's flowers attracts many bees, butterflies, moths, and a variety of smaller insects that carry away pollen when they depart. Milk ...
Ch04_sec2 Natural Selection MG
... • The process of two species evolving in response to long-term interactions with each other is called coevolution. • An example is the Hawaiian honeycreeper, which has a long, curved beak to reach nectar at the base of a flower. • The flower has structures that ensure that the bird gets some pollen ...
... • The process of two species evolving in response to long-term interactions with each other is called coevolution. • An example is the Hawaiian honeycreeper, which has a long, curved beak to reach nectar at the base of a flower. • The flower has structures that ensure that the bird gets some pollen ...
Guide 33
... Garter snakes have evolved resistance to this toxin through a set of genetic mutations, and prey upon the newts. The relationship between these animals has resulted in an evolutionary arms race that has driven toxin levels in the newt to extreme levels. This is an example of co-evolution because bot ...
... Garter snakes have evolved resistance to this toxin through a set of genetic mutations, and prey upon the newts. The relationship between these animals has resulted in an evolutionary arms race that has driven toxin levels in the newt to extreme levels. This is an example of co-evolution because bot ...
Food Webbing Activity
... Draw arrows to connect each organism to the organism(s) it eats and/or that eat it. Arrows must be drawn to show the direction of the flow of energy in the ecosystem. Write your names on the back of the food web. ...
... Draw arrows to connect each organism to the organism(s) it eats and/or that eat it. Arrows must be drawn to show the direction of the flow of energy in the ecosystem. Write your names on the back of the food web. ...
Document
... Look at Figure 19–1. Which of the following theories explains why the edges of Africa and South America fit together like two pieces of a ...
... Look at Figure 19–1. Which of the following theories explains why the edges of Africa and South America fit together like two pieces of a ...
Understanding Populations Section 2 Species Interactions
... • The differences between a parasite and a predator are that a parasite spends some of its life in or on the host, and that the parasites do not usually kill their hosts. • In fact, the parasite has an evolutionary advantage if it allows its host to live longer. • However, the host is often weakened ...
... • The differences between a parasite and a predator are that a parasite spends some of its life in or on the host, and that the parasites do not usually kill their hosts. • In fact, the parasite has an evolutionary advantage if it allows its host to live longer. • However, the host is often weakened ...
Slide 1
... along roadsides and in empty lots and fields. The species on the left is the Great Burdock (Arctium lappa). The seed heads (burs) of burdocks long spines with hooked tips. The hooked tips catch onto the hair of passing vertebrates (cows, deer, dogs, humans) and the burs are carried elsewhere until t ...
... along roadsides and in empty lots and fields. The species on the left is the Great Burdock (Arctium lappa). The seed heads (burs) of burdocks long spines with hooked tips. The hooked tips catch onto the hair of passing vertebrates (cows, deer, dogs, humans) and the burs are carried elsewhere until t ...
Parasitism
... If the prey is sparse, the predator will have to seek persistently even to catch only a few. ...
... If the prey is sparse, the predator will have to seek persistently even to catch only a few. ...
Insect Natural History (this is a work in progress) Insects are among
... may be aggregated, but the bees do not exhibit social behaviors with one another. In leaf cutter bees, leaf or petal pieces are used to construct the nesting structure. Some solitary bees utilize vacated tunnels of wood boring beetles while others use mud and wood fibers for nesting materials. Orcha ...
... may be aggregated, but the bees do not exhibit social behaviors with one another. In leaf cutter bees, leaf or petal pieces are used to construct the nesting structure. Some solitary bees utilize vacated tunnels of wood boring beetles while others use mud and wood fibers for nesting materials. Orcha ...
Chapter 4 The Organization of Life Section 1 Day 1 Defining an
... Chapter 4 The Organization of Life ...
... Chapter 4 The Organization of Life ...
Species Interactions
... Direct competition between species often results in a winner and a loser. If one species is a very effective competitor, it may exclude another species from resource use entirely. This outcome, called competitive exclusion, can happen when two or more species try to occupy the exact same niche. In 1 ...
... Direct competition between species often results in a winner and a loser. If one species is a very effective competitor, it may exclude another species from resource use entirely. This outcome, called competitive exclusion, can happen when two or more species try to occupy the exact same niche. In 1 ...
Species Interactions
... Name ________________________ Date __________________ Hour _______ Species Interactions No organism exists in isolation. Each takes part in many interactions, both with other organisms and with the non-living components of the environment. Species interactions may involve only occasional or indirect ...
... Name ________________________ Date __________________ Hour _______ Species Interactions No organism exists in isolation. Each takes part in many interactions, both with other organisms and with the non-living components of the environment. Species interactions may involve only occasional or indirect ...
21.3 Interactions among living things pg 722
... • An interaction in which one organism kills another for food. • Predator – does the killing • Prey – gets killed • Effect of predation on population size: if there are many predators, a decrease in prey population will occur. When that happens, the predators will die from lack of food. ...
... • An interaction in which one organism kills another for food. • Predator – does the killing • Prey – gets killed • Effect of predation on population size: if there are many predators, a decrease in prey population will occur. When that happens, the predators will die from lack of food. ...
Review of evolution - Fulton County Schools
... ways for organisms within a species to be different from each other Variety is generated through mutations and sexual reproduction ...
... ways for organisms within a species to be different from each other Variety is generated through mutations and sexual reproduction ...
Coevolution
In biology, coevolution is ""the change of a biological object triggered by the change of a related object"". In other words, when changes in at least two species' genetic compositions reciprocally affect each other’s evolution, coevolution has occurred.There is evidence for coevolution at the level of populations and species. Charles Darwin briefly described the concept of coevolution in On the Origin of Species (1859) and developed it in detail in Fertilisation of Orchids (1862). It is likely that viruses and their hosts coevolve in various scenarios.However, there is little evidence of coevolution driving large-scale changes in Earth's history, since abiotic factors such as mass extinction and expansion into ecospaces seem to guide the shifts in the abundance of major groups. One proposed specific example was the evolution of high-crowned teeth in grazers when grasslands spread through North America - long held up as an example of coevolution. We now know that these events happened independently.Coevolution can occur at many biological levels: it can be as microscopic as correlated mutations between amino acids in a protein or as macroscopic as covarying traits between different species in an environment. Each party in a coevolutionary relationship exerts selective pressures on the other, thereby affecting each other's evolution. Coevolution of different species includes the evolution of a host species and its parasites (host–parasite coevolution), and examples of mutualism evolving through time. Evolution in response to abiotic factors, such as climate change, is not biological coevolution (since climate is not alive and does not undergo biological evolution).The general conclusion is that coevolution may be responsible for much of the genetic diversity seen in normal populations including: blood-plasma polymorphism, protein polymorphism, histocompatibility systems, etc.The parasite/host relationship probably drove the prevalence of sexual reproduction over the more efficient asexual reproduction. It seems that when a parasite infects a host, sexual reproduction affords a better chance of developing resistance (through variation in the next generation), giving sexual reproduction viability for fitness not seen in the asexual reproduction, which produces another generation of the organism susceptible to infection by the same parasite.Coevolution is primarily a biological concept, but researchers have applied it by analogy to fields such as computer science, sociology / international political economy and astronomy.