Mar21b
... • Exploitation and mutualism influence the distribution and abundance of both organisms ...
... • Exploitation and mutualism influence the distribution and abundance of both organisms ...
Specific Hypotheses on the Geographic Mosaic of Coevolution
... hot spots occur in a minority of communities, then shortterm studies of an interaction at a few sites will often show little evidence for ongoing coevolution. The tripartite geographic mosaic hypothesis generates three ecological predictions: populations will differ in the traits shaped by an intera ...
... hot spots occur in a minority of communities, then shortterm studies of an interaction at a few sites will often show little evidence for ongoing coevolution. The tripartite geographic mosaic hypothesis generates three ecological predictions: populations will differ in the traits shaped by an intera ...
Terrestrial Mandibulates
... Flight and small size makes insects widely distributed Well-protected eggs can withstand rigorous conditions and are easily dispersed Structural and behavioral adaptations give them access to many possible niches Some insects are adapted to coexist with one plant species Exoskeletons allow ...
... Flight and small size makes insects widely distributed Well-protected eggs can withstand rigorous conditions and are easily dispersed Structural and behavioral adaptations give them access to many possible niches Some insects are adapted to coexist with one plant species Exoskeletons allow ...
Indirect interactions
... mesh but the moths were not. Each half of the cage (i.e., each moth species) had the same amount of food resources and since the two species were not in contact, there was no direct competition between them. Control cages were also used which had one of the moth species in one half of the cage, with ...
... mesh but the moths were not. Each half of the cage (i.e., each moth species) had the same amount of food resources and since the two species were not in contact, there was no direct competition between them. Control cages were also used which had one of the moth species in one half of the cage, with ...
Exam III
... After studying different species of plants' responses to various situations and conditions, it can be concluded that plant performance directly depends on: [SS] a. The resources that are available to the plants b. The presence of enemies (herbivores) c. The presence of predators of the herbivores d. ...
... After studying different species of plants' responses to various situations and conditions, it can be concluded that plant performance directly depends on: [SS] a. The resources that are available to the plants b. The presence of enemies (herbivores) c. The presence of predators of the herbivores d. ...
Lecture Notes to Accompany Labs 8 and 9
... Bear seeds on exposed cone scales Most produce woody cones Conifer Distribution Reproduce more slowly than angiosperms so they have a competitive disadvantage in many habitats Still dominate in far north, at higher elevations, and in certain parts of southern hemisphere Angiosperm Characte ...
... Bear seeds on exposed cone scales Most produce woody cones Conifer Distribution Reproduce more slowly than angiosperms so they have a competitive disadvantage in many habitats Still dominate in far north, at higher elevations, and in certain parts of southern hemisphere Angiosperm Characte ...
2015 - NZQA
... Mutualistic relationships exist between New Zealand’s native birds and trees, but introduced mammalian predators can affect this. Maungatautari in the Waikato is a large area of forest where mammalian predators have been eradicated and a perimeter fence has been built to keep it predator free. The a ...
... Mutualistic relationships exist between New Zealand’s native birds and trees, but introduced mammalian predators can affect this. Maungatautari in the Waikato is a large area of forest where mammalian predators have been eradicated and a perimeter fence has been built to keep it predator free. The a ...
Interactions power point
... parasite benefits from the other species the host which is harmed ex flea (parasite) dog (host) kudzu (parasite) oak tree (host) ...
... parasite benefits from the other species the host which is harmed ex flea (parasite) dog (host) kudzu (parasite) oak tree (host) ...
(1) natural selection
... today that most likely evolved from a common ancestor. Members of the original ancestral population were isolated into two groups by natural events. If these two animals did have a common ancestor, which statement would best explain why there are differences in the bones? ...
... today that most likely evolved from a common ancestor. Members of the original ancestral population were isolated into two groups by natural events. If these two animals did have a common ancestor, which statement would best explain why there are differences in the bones? ...
Materials and methods - University of Western Cape
... species diversity and density in a given area. Since section ABC and section DEF show variation in both all of these variables one would expect that there would also be variation in Species diversity and density. Table 1 verifies the difference in insect-density. And as mentioned earlier there is a ...
... species diversity and density in a given area. Since section ABC and section DEF show variation in both all of these variables one would expect that there would also be variation in Species diversity and density. Table 1 verifies the difference in insect-density. And as mentioned earlier there is a ...
Lect13 LIfe Histories
... – Parents only contribute one half of its genes – Specialized reproductive organs required – Expense of reproduction not equally shared between parents ...
... – Parents only contribute one half of its genes – Specialized reproductive organs required – Expense of reproduction not equally shared between parents ...
document
... A. Yes, quit taking them, because the role of antibiotics is to give the body's immune system enough time to fight off the infection, so she doesn't need the pills after she feels better. B. No, she must finish her course of treatment because repeated exposure to antibiotics may result in drug resis ...
... A. Yes, quit taking them, because the role of antibiotics is to give the body's immune system enough time to fight off the infection, so she doesn't need the pills after she feels better. B. No, she must finish her course of treatment because repeated exposure to antibiotics may result in drug resis ...
Complete Metamorphosis
... places to live. Being able to fly also enables insects to escape from many predators. ...
... places to live. Being able to fly also enables insects to escape from many predators. ...
Community Relationship Notes
... Parasites and Parasitoids • Parasites: draw resources from host without killing the host (at least in the short term). • Parasitoids: draw resources from the host and kill them swiftly ...
... Parasites and Parasitoids • Parasites: draw resources from host without killing the host (at least in the short term). • Parasitoids: draw resources from the host and kill them swiftly ...
Review Interactions Among Living Things Chapter 1, Section 3
... This type of symbiotic relationship this is called ______________________________. ...
... This type of symbiotic relationship this is called ______________________________. ...
Ch. 13 and 14 - ltcconline.net
... inoculating it with various pathogens. After they became established in Australia, cactus moth effectively controlled prickly pear, but did not eradicate it. The cactus can infiltrate moth-free areas and get a start, so that there is a constant check and balance between the 2 species “ low level equ ...
... inoculating it with various pathogens. After they became established in Australia, cactus moth effectively controlled prickly pear, but did not eradicate it. The cactus can infiltrate moth-free areas and get a start, so that there is a constant check and balance between the 2 species “ low level equ ...
PDF file
... We can’t run like the cheetah, but we can eventually, with our endurance, run down the best runners in the animal world. We have fingernails instead of the eagle’s talons, so we stun our prey with tools instead. We are highly flexible, and our built-in variability allows us to make our livings in si ...
... We can’t run like the cheetah, but we can eventually, with our endurance, run down the best runners in the animal world. We have fingernails instead of the eagle’s talons, so we stun our prey with tools instead. We are highly flexible, and our built-in variability allows us to make our livings in si ...
Chapter 6 Study Guide CH 6-Concepts-Science
... e. Younger rock layers had more fossils that were similar to existing species than did older rock layers. (meaning older rock layers contained more fossils of organisms that no longer existed) 9. Understanding theTheory of Evolution – Evolution provides an explanation for how species change across t ...
... e. Younger rock layers had more fossils that were similar to existing species than did older rock layers. (meaning older rock layers contained more fossils of organisms that no longer existed) 9. Understanding theTheory of Evolution – Evolution provides an explanation for how species change across t ...
Chapter 21-Community Ecology
... NOTE: When the sea star Pisaster was REMOVED from a habitat where the sea stars had PREYED on the mussel, Mytilus, the mussels CROWDED OUT other species in the area. Predation by the sea star ON the mussel population promoted diversity by CONTROLLING the superior competitor—the mussel. (richness dro ...
... NOTE: When the sea star Pisaster was REMOVED from a habitat where the sea stars had PREYED on the mussel, Mytilus, the mussels CROWDED OUT other species in the area. Predation by the sea star ON the mussel population promoted diversity by CONTROLLING the superior competitor—the mussel. (richness dro ...
Ecology_Project
... 5. Low Fecundity: Species produces few offspring. Note: species which care for their young either before birth (long pregnancy) and/or afterwards have fewer offspring than those who do not. 6. High Human Value: Species has characteristics that make it valuable to humans. Many animals have been hunte ...
... 5. Low Fecundity: Species produces few offspring. Note: species which care for their young either before birth (long pregnancy) and/or afterwards have fewer offspring than those who do not. 6. High Human Value: Species has characteristics that make it valuable to humans. Many animals have been hunte ...
Unit 2 Study Guide Key - Spring
... C. Provide two examples of coevolution AND explain what/how each organism has evolved. In a co-evolutionary relationship, changes experienced by each individual group of organisms is in some manner shaped by or influenced by the other groups of organisms in that relationship. Exp. a single plant and ...
... C. Provide two examples of coevolution AND explain what/how each organism has evolved. In a co-evolutionary relationship, changes experienced by each individual group of organisms is in some manner shaped by or influenced by the other groups of organisms in that relationship. Exp. a single plant and ...
Coevolution
In biology, coevolution is ""the change of a biological object triggered by the change of a related object"". In other words, when changes in at least two species' genetic compositions reciprocally affect each other’s evolution, coevolution has occurred.There is evidence for coevolution at the level of populations and species. Charles Darwin briefly described the concept of coevolution in On the Origin of Species (1859) and developed it in detail in Fertilisation of Orchids (1862). It is likely that viruses and their hosts coevolve in various scenarios.However, there is little evidence of coevolution driving large-scale changes in Earth's history, since abiotic factors such as mass extinction and expansion into ecospaces seem to guide the shifts in the abundance of major groups. One proposed specific example was the evolution of high-crowned teeth in grazers when grasslands spread through North America - long held up as an example of coevolution. We now know that these events happened independently.Coevolution can occur at many biological levels: it can be as microscopic as correlated mutations between amino acids in a protein or as macroscopic as covarying traits between different species in an environment. Each party in a coevolutionary relationship exerts selective pressures on the other, thereby affecting each other's evolution. Coevolution of different species includes the evolution of a host species and its parasites (host–parasite coevolution), and examples of mutualism evolving through time. Evolution in response to abiotic factors, such as climate change, is not biological coevolution (since climate is not alive and does not undergo biological evolution).The general conclusion is that coevolution may be responsible for much of the genetic diversity seen in normal populations including: blood-plasma polymorphism, protein polymorphism, histocompatibility systems, etc.The parasite/host relationship probably drove the prevalence of sexual reproduction over the more efficient asexual reproduction. It seems that when a parasite infects a host, sexual reproduction affords a better chance of developing resistance (through variation in the next generation), giving sexual reproduction viability for fitness not seen in the asexual reproduction, which produces another generation of the organism susceptible to infection by the same parasite.Coevolution is primarily a biological concept, but researchers have applied it by analogy to fields such as computer science, sociology / international political economy and astronomy.