Tiny ecosystem engineers: diversity and evolution of gall
... I became familiar with insects already as a child. The facts that most creatures on earth ...
... I became familiar with insects already as a child. The facts that most creatures on earth ...
sxES_G6_RNG_ch10-B_179-188.fm
... mutualism is a bee and a flower. • Symbiosis is called commensalism (kuh MEN suh liz um) when one species is helped and the other species is not harmed. An example of commensalism is a bird building its nest in a tree. • Symbiosis is called parasitism (PA ruh sit iz urn) when one of the species is h ...
... mutualism is a bee and a flower. • Symbiosis is called commensalism (kuh MEN suh liz um) when one species is helped and the other species is not harmed. An example of commensalism is a bird building its nest in a tree. • Symbiosis is called parasitism (PA ruh sit iz urn) when one of the species is h ...
5.5 CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS
... Species Classification - It is easier to find out which species an organism belongs to when you have other organisms to compare it to; You can make assumptions about characteristics of a species in general; Evolutionary links, you can make assumptions about traits of a common ancestor; You can also ...
... Species Classification - It is easier to find out which species an organism belongs to when you have other organisms to compare it to; You can make assumptions about characteristics of a species in general; Evolutionary links, you can make assumptions about traits of a common ancestor; You can also ...
Symbiosis
... • Ticks are pinhead-sized arachnids that form parasitic relationships with birds, reptiles, animals, and sometimes humans. Ticks attach to their host’s skin and feed off its blood. In this way it gets both food and a home. Ticks can consume enough food to grow 200 to 600 times their original body we ...
... • Ticks are pinhead-sized arachnids that form parasitic relationships with birds, reptiles, animals, and sometimes humans. Ticks attach to their host’s skin and feed off its blood. In this way it gets both food and a home. Ticks can consume enough food to grow 200 to 600 times their original body we ...
chapter5
... Predator and Prey Interactions Can Drive Each Other’s Evolution • Intense natural selection pressures can result between predator and prey populations • Coevolution (aka: arms race) • Interaction taking place over a long period of time • Bats and moths: echolocation of bats and sensitive hearing of ...
... Predator and Prey Interactions Can Drive Each Other’s Evolution • Intense natural selection pressures can result between predator and prey populations • Coevolution (aka: arms race) • Interaction taking place over a long period of time • Bats and moths: echolocation of bats and sensitive hearing of ...
Feeding Relationships
... 2. Algae live inside a species of hydra. The hydra uses the products of the algae’s photosynthesis. Ammonia resulting from the hydra’s metabolism contributes to the algae’s nutrition. The relationship can be described as ...
... 2. Algae live inside a species of hydra. The hydra uses the products of the algae’s photosynthesis. Ammonia resulting from the hydra’s metabolism contributes to the algae’s nutrition. The relationship can be described as ...
4 Community Ecology
... 40. Two or more unrelated but protected species resemble one another, having bright colors, thus achieving a kind of group defense. This phenomenon of similar coloration is called A. B. C. D. E. ...
... 40. Two or more unrelated but protected species resemble one another, having bright colors, thus achieving a kind of group defense. This phenomenon of similar coloration is called A. B. C. D. E. ...
Insect taxonomic Diversity - Home
... insects that have elytra. This adaptation has enabled them to expand into many habitats such as leaf litter, logs and soil, that would otherwise damage the wings of less well protected insect groups. At first glance beetles may appear to have only 2 body segments because the elytra may cover most of ...
... insects that have elytra. This adaptation has enabled them to expand into many habitats such as leaf litter, logs and soil, that would otherwise damage the wings of less well protected insect groups. At first glance beetles may appear to have only 2 body segments because the elytra may cover most of ...
7.4 Extinction - science
... Extinction can be caused a number of factors but always involves a change in circumstance. • A new disease may kill all members of a species • Climate change may make it too cold or hot, wet or dry, for a species and reduce it food supply • A new predator may evolve or be introduced to an area that ...
... Extinction can be caused a number of factors but always involves a change in circumstance. • A new disease may kill all members of a species • Climate change may make it too cold or hot, wet or dry, for a species and reduce it food supply • A new predator may evolve or be introduced to an area that ...
Insect Orders III: Paraneoptera
... attacked). Chewing lice feed on feathers, hair and skin surface detritus, whereas sucking lice feed exclusively on blood. Most species of lice are host specific, with the sucking lice being more host specific than chewing lice. There is strong evidence for host-parasite coevolution in some groups. B ...
... attacked). Chewing lice feed on feathers, hair and skin surface detritus, whereas sucking lice feed exclusively on blood. Most species of lice are host specific, with the sucking lice being more host specific than chewing lice. There is strong evidence for host-parasite coevolution in some groups. B ...
benchmark Name: Date: 1. The road shown below was
... One piece of evidence that supports the modern theory of evolution is the presence of similar structures that serve di erent functions in di erent organisms. ...
... One piece of evidence that supports the modern theory of evolution is the presence of similar structures that serve di erent functions in di erent organisms. ...
CASE STUDY: Discussion/Solutions
... • It includes their physical home, the environmental factors necessary for survival, and all interactions with other organisms • It is different than a habitat (where an organism lives) ...
... • It includes their physical home, the environmental factors necessary for survival, and all interactions with other organisms • It is different than a habitat (where an organism lives) ...
Predation, Herbivory, and Parasitism
... this selectively pressures the newts to elevate production of the toxin, which again selects for snakes with higher resistance. As the graph at right shows, this reciprocal selection creates a tight match between newt toxicity and snake resistance for co-occuring populations. ...
... this selectively pressures the newts to elevate production of the toxin, which again selects for snakes with higher resistance. As the graph at right shows, this reciprocal selection creates a tight match between newt toxicity and snake resistance for co-occuring populations. ...
Document
... chromosomes are fertile…speciation occurs quickly) – Hybridization: two different forms of a species mate in common ground (hybrid zone) and produce offspring with greater genetic diversity than the parents….eventually the hybrid diverges from both sets of parents ...
... chromosomes are fertile…speciation occurs quickly) – Hybridization: two different forms of a species mate in common ground (hybrid zone) and produce offspring with greater genetic diversity than the parents….eventually the hybrid diverges from both sets of parents ...
Observation Or Inference
... In The Galapagos Islands, Darwin collected species of finches (13) Each had a specialized diet and beak ...
... In The Galapagos Islands, Darwin collected species of finches (13) Each had a specialized diet and beak ...
Activity 5 Competition Among Organisms
... resources to satisfy the needs of both organisms, they will compete with one another. Sometimes this competition occurs between members of the same species. Male birds of the same species will battle each other fiercely for the ownership of a territory.The territory would allow sufficient food and h ...
... resources to satisfy the needs of both organisms, they will compete with one another. Sometimes this competition occurs between members of the same species. Male birds of the same species will battle each other fiercely for the ownership of a territory.The territory would allow sufficient food and h ...
Package
... _____ In which of these is the fitness of individuals at one end of the normal distribution curve higher than that of individuals in the middle or at the other end of the curve _____ In which of these is the fitness of individuals in the middle higher than that of individuals at the extreme ends ___ ...
... _____ In which of these is the fitness of individuals at one end of the normal distribution curve higher than that of individuals in the middle or at the other end of the curve _____ In which of these is the fitness of individuals in the middle higher than that of individuals at the extreme ends ___ ...
Northern Plains - National Wildlife Federation
... Providing milkweeds and other nectar-rich flowers that bloom where and when monarchs need them is one of the most significant actions you can take to support monarch butterfly populations. This guide features Northern Plains native plants that have documented monarch visitation, bloom during the tim ...
... Providing milkweeds and other nectar-rich flowers that bloom where and when monarchs need them is one of the most significant actions you can take to support monarch butterfly populations. This guide features Northern Plains native plants that have documented monarch visitation, bloom during the tim ...
Ecology
... fitness of parasite but reduces fitness of host A parasitic plant is one that derives some or all of its sustenance from another plant. Parasitic plants have a modified root (haustorium) that penetrates the host plant and connects to the xylem, phloem, or both. Animal parasites are generally much sm ...
... fitness of parasite but reduces fitness of host A parasitic plant is one that derives some or all of its sustenance from another plant. Parasitic plants have a modified root (haustorium) that penetrates the host plant and connects to the xylem, phloem, or both. Animal parasites are generally much sm ...
Gardening for Life
... species that have shared a long evolutionary history with a particular plant lineage have developed the physiological adaptations required to digest the chemicals in their host’s leaves. Insects have specialized over time to eat only the plants carrying particular chemicals. When we present insects ...
... species that have shared a long evolutionary history with a particular plant lineage have developed the physiological adaptations required to digest the chemicals in their host’s leaves. Insects have specialized over time to eat only the plants carrying particular chemicals. When we present insects ...
Tempo and Mode - Integrative Biology
... environmental context, but performs an additional function when placed in some new environment. The term is applied when a large change in function is accomplished with little change of structure. It is not called "preadaptation" any longer, because natural selection cannot look ahead and evolve cha ...
... environmental context, but performs an additional function when placed in some new environment. The term is applied when a large change in function is accomplished with little change of structure. It is not called "preadaptation" any longer, because natural selection cannot look ahead and evolve cha ...
ecology.doc
... d. fundamental competition e. intraspecific competition 11. animals defend themselves against predators by all of the following, except a. warning coloration b. cryptic coloration c. chemical defenses such as poisons and stings d. parasitism e. aposematic coloration ...
... d. fundamental competition e. intraspecific competition 11. animals defend themselves against predators by all of the following, except a. warning coloration b. cryptic coloration c. chemical defenses such as poisons and stings d. parasitism e. aposematic coloration ...
Coevolution
In biology, coevolution is ""the change of a biological object triggered by the change of a related object"". In other words, when changes in at least two species' genetic compositions reciprocally affect each other’s evolution, coevolution has occurred.There is evidence for coevolution at the level of populations and species. Charles Darwin briefly described the concept of coevolution in On the Origin of Species (1859) and developed it in detail in Fertilisation of Orchids (1862). It is likely that viruses and their hosts coevolve in various scenarios.However, there is little evidence of coevolution driving large-scale changes in Earth's history, since abiotic factors such as mass extinction and expansion into ecospaces seem to guide the shifts in the abundance of major groups. One proposed specific example was the evolution of high-crowned teeth in grazers when grasslands spread through North America - long held up as an example of coevolution. We now know that these events happened independently.Coevolution can occur at many biological levels: it can be as microscopic as correlated mutations between amino acids in a protein or as macroscopic as covarying traits between different species in an environment. Each party in a coevolutionary relationship exerts selective pressures on the other, thereby affecting each other's evolution. Coevolution of different species includes the evolution of a host species and its parasites (host–parasite coevolution), and examples of mutualism evolving through time. Evolution in response to abiotic factors, such as climate change, is not biological coevolution (since climate is not alive and does not undergo biological evolution).The general conclusion is that coevolution may be responsible for much of the genetic diversity seen in normal populations including: blood-plasma polymorphism, protein polymorphism, histocompatibility systems, etc.The parasite/host relationship probably drove the prevalence of sexual reproduction over the more efficient asexual reproduction. It seems that when a parasite infects a host, sexual reproduction affords a better chance of developing resistance (through variation in the next generation), giving sexual reproduction viability for fitness not seen in the asexual reproduction, which produces another generation of the organism susceptible to infection by the same parasite.Coevolution is primarily a biological concept, but researchers have applied it by analogy to fields such as computer science, sociology / international political economy and astronomy.