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The_Origin_of_the_Universe
The_Origin_of_the_Universe

... The red-shift and other observations led scientists to the conclusion that the universe is expanding ...


... Another proton combines with this to make isotope of helium + gamma ray Two of these He combine to make He plus two protons Final mass less than ingredients by E = mc2 ...
Powerpoint
Powerpoint

... B.  The Steady State Theory - The belief that the universe doesn’t change with time but more matter is added to the universe as it expands. •  Popular during the 1950s and 1960s •  The universe had no beginning and has no end (no big bang) C.  Inflationary Theory - predicts that there was a sudden e ...
9. The very beginning - Mullard Space Science Laboratory
9. The very beginning - Mullard Space Science Laboratory

... 9. The beginning • This short lecture: • The hot big bang • Timeline –10-43 seconds to 380,000 years. ...
The Life of the Universe - University of Minnesota
The Life of the Universe - University of Minnesota

... • Things close by should be • Inflation takes things that were very close together and spreads them out a lot – Universe was all close together, so everything was uniform, then inflation spread it out ...
Steady-State Theory
Steady-State Theory

... (cannot explain quasars and radio galaxies) ...
NUCLEAR FISSION- a Tunneling Process NUCLEAR FUSION
NUCLEAR FISSION- a Tunneling Process NUCLEAR FUSION

... there is also a small probability they can A He-4 nucleus (2 protons, 2 neutrons) +H-3 tunnel through the barrier and fuse with the (tritium-1 proton + 2 neutrons) gives Li-7 nucleus, forming a new heavier nucleus. This will get rid of its excess energy by re-emitting photons or a few sub-nuclear pa ...
Nuclear Physics - fission, fusion, and the stars
Nuclear Physics - fission, fusion, and the stars

... there is also a small probability they can A He-4 nucleus (2 protons, 2 neutrons) +H-3 tunnel through the barrier and fuse with the (tritium-1 proton + 2 neutrons) gives Li-7 nucleus, forming a new heavier nucleus. This will get rid of its excess energy by re-emitting photons or a few sub-nuclear pa ...
transition
transition

... We have now completed the first step ...
The Big Bang
The Big Bang

... 3. Age of the Universe – Astronomers can measure approximately how fast the universe is expanding. Between measuring the movement of galaxies and cosmic background radiation astronomers can estimate the age of the universe to be 13.7 billion years old. ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... The BIG Questions (courtesy of Jonathan M. Dorfan). The epochs (Eras) are ordered by their time after the instant of the “Big Bang.” Scientific units are used for the time of the beginning of each epoch. To translate to decimals, 10-10 s would equal 0.0000000001 sec, while 3 x 105 yr would equal 300 ...
Key Areas covered
Key Areas covered

... The Big Bang Theory took place around 13.8 billion years ago. The universe was originally very hot and very dense concentrated in a tiny point known as a singularity (smaller than an atom). It caused our universe to expand suddenly from the singularity bringing time and space into existence. Followi ...
Key Areas covered
Key Areas covered

... The Big Bang Theory took place around 13.8 billion years ago. The universe was originally very hot and very dense concentrated in a tiny point known as a singularity (smaller than an atom). It caused our universe to expand suddenly from the singularity bringing time and space into existence. Followi ...
PowerPoint Presentation - E/PO at LHEA
PowerPoint Presentation - E/PO at LHEA

... Unchanging situations need not be static New matter can be created spontaneously as the universe expands (a few hundred atoms per year per galaxy) Expansion of universe and creation of new matter balanced via a negative energy. The universe is constant in its overall density ...
THE HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSE IN ONE EASY LESSON
THE HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSE IN ONE EASY LESSON

... NUCLEOSYNTHESIS ENDED AT THIS POINT. A CLOUD OF NUCLEI, ELECTRONS, PROTONS, AND PHOTONS EXISTED AT THIS POINT - A PLASMA. ...
The Universe: “Beyond the Big Bang” Video Questions
The Universe: “Beyond the Big Bang” Video Questions

... 48. Where did the sounds that Penzias and Wilson heard originate? everywhere 49. What was the “smoking gun” that Penzias and Wilson discovered? cosmic background ...
Untitled
Untitled

... An ancient explosion created the universe and, with it, the elements hydrogen and helium. The stars made all the rest, every last atom of every other element. They made the gold in your neck chain, silver in your ring, iron in your car, aluminum in pans, neon in lights, and silicon in sand at the be ...
Light Years and Our Universe
Light Years and Our Universe

... Scientist think that all matter was tightly compressed or squeezed into a hot, dense ball a few millimeters across. After the Big Bang the universe has continued to expand and as matter cooled more atoms developed as did galaxies and stars ...
Redshift takes us from 2-D to 3-D
Redshift takes us from 2-D to 3-D

... This is proven by the thermal cosmic background radiation. Only if all space were opaque would all space be filled with thermal photons (and their current temperature is reasonable given the expansion factor) 4) A theory which supposes the Universe evolves in this way can predict how the composition ...
The Prelude  - Solar Physics and Space Weather
The Prelude - Solar Physics and Space Weather

... •At t=10-6 second, the temperature in the universe dropped to the threshold temperature of 1013 K, at which the photons can not produce proton and anti-proton pairs (and neutron and antineutron pairs) •At about t = 1 second, temperature fell below 6 X 109 K, electrons and positions annihilated to fo ...
The Superstructure of the Universe
The Superstructure of the Universe

... that the galaxies within the Universe are _____________ outward at a rate consistent with the Big Bang. 3. The observable Universe is about ____ light years in diameter. We can’t see much past that distance since light has not yet ________________ that distance. The observable Universe is only ___% ...
Humanism for Secondary School Pupils S4 – 6
Humanism for Secondary School Pupils S4 – 6

... cool enough to allow the synthesis of protons and neutrons followed by the formation of hydrogen and helium nuclei. After about 30 minutes the Big Bang was over. If you find this hard to understand, don’t worry – you’re not alone. Only a very few scientists can follow the maths and physics involved. ...
Where do we come from?
Where do we come from?

... Universe was denser in the past; if we daringly extrapolate backward to infinite density, that was a finite time ago. ...
chapter23 - Empyrean Quest Publishers
chapter23 - Empyrean Quest Publishers

... • Ordinary matter ~ 4.4% of total • Total matter is ~ 27% of total – Dark matter is ~ 23% of total – Dark energy is ~ 73% of total • Age of 13.7 billion years In excellent agreement with observations of present-day universe and models involving inflation and WIMPs! ...
An Introduction  - Solar Physics and Space Weather
An Introduction - Solar Physics and Space Weather

... •At t=10-6 second, the temperature in the universe dropped to the threshold temperature of 1013 K, at which the photons can not produce proton and anti-proton pairs (and neutron and antineutron pairs) •At about t = 1 second, temperature fell below 6 X 109 K, electrons and positions annihilated to fo ...
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Big Bang nucleosynthesis

In physical cosmology, Big Bang nucleosynthesis (abbreviated BBN, also known as primordial nucleosynthesis) refers to the production of nuclei other than those of the lightest isotope of hydrogen (hydrogen-1, 1H, having a single proton as a nucleus) during the early phases of the universe. Primordial nucleosynthesis is believed by most cosmologists to have taken place from 10 seconds to 20 minutes after the Big Bang, and is calculated to be responsible for the formation of most of the universe's helium as the isotope helium-4 (4He), along with small amounts of the hydrogen isotope deuterium (2H or D), the helium isotope helium-3 (3He), and a very small amount of the lithium isotope lithium-7 (7Li). In addition to these stable nuclei, two unstable or radioactive isotopes were also produced: the heavy hydrogen isotope tritium (3H or T); and the beryllium isotope beryllium-7 (7Be); but these unstable isotopes later decayed into 3He and 7Li, as above.Essentially all of the elements that are heavier than lithium and beryllium were created much later, by stellar nucleosynthesis in evolving and exploding stars.
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