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Solar Plasmas - Coalition for Plasma Science
Solar Plasmas - Coalition for Plasma Science

Section 3-3(rev04) 2
Section 3-3(rev04) 2

... nubula. It is the source of all stars. Gravity pulls the gases closer together and they heat up. This is called a protostar. A star is born when the gases and dust become hot enough for nuclear fusion to take place. Nuclear fusion is the process in which hydrogen is changed to helium. Other elements ...
Energy Sources in Stars
Energy Sources in Stars

... Energy Sources in Stars Energy Source #2:Chemical Reactions e.g. How much energy would be released if Sun was completely ionized and then all gas recombined into neutral atoms? (binding energy of the H atom 13.6 ev: 1 ev = 1.6 x 10-19 J  13.6 ev ~ 2 x 10-18 J) ...
Apparent Motions of Celestial Objects
Apparent Motions of Celestial Objects

Astronomy
Astronomy

... stars. During the late stages of stellar evolution, massive stars can burn helium into carbon, oxygen, silicon, sulfur, and iron. • Elements heavier than iron are produced in two ways: in the outer envelopes of supergiant stars and in the explosion of a supernova. • All carbon-based life on Earth is ...
The Position of Our Solar System
The Position of Our Solar System

... • The planets that are much closer to the sun are classified as inner planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars – Inner planets have rocky, dense surfaces….terrestrial planets • The planets that are much farther from the sun are classified as outer planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune – Outer plan ...
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ASTR_PNE_pathofthesun_V01.docx

... If you are located in the continental U.S. on the first day of October, how will the position of the Sun at noon be different two weeks later? A. It will have moved toward the north. B. It will have moved to a position higher in the sky. C. It will stay in the same position. D. It will have moved t ...
PHY-105: Final Stages of Stellar Evolution
PHY-105: Final Stages of Stellar Evolution

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The Many Faces of the Sun

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... 31) What is a planetary nebula? Answer in a few sentences. A planetary nebula is the ejected envelope of a low mass star at the end of its lifetime. The nebula is created by the last episode of shell He-burning in a flash that ejects the envelope and exposes the dead stellar core of hot carbon that ...
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... and gas. It is what keeps us from freezing to death. If you didn’t know, the sun is actually way smaller than other suns or stars. The sun actually gets bigger over the millions of years and when it gets too big it will swallow up the whole earth!! ...
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... We should thank a high mass star for the carbon atoms in the sugar molecules in a candy bar is because: a. ...
Solar System Essays, Symeonides Answers
Solar System Essays, Symeonides Answers

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... Overcoming the third objection (parallax): • Tycho thought he had measured stellar distances, so lack of parallax seemed to rule out an orbiting Earth. • Galileo showed stars must be much farther than Tycho thought—in part by using his telescope to see that the Milky Way is countless individual sta ...
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... the tail of the comet is lighter than the head B. the Sun’s solar wind blows the tail outward C. the Sun’s gravity attracts the tail of the comet D. energy from other planets pulls the tail of the comet There are many meteors that enter Earth’s atmosphere, but very few of them actually land on Earth ...
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... Sun the flattening at the poles is only 1 × 10−5 R ). However, some stars rotate much faster than the Sun and in some cases rotational effects must be included in the structure equations—and can have a big effect on the output of the models. Similar arguments can be used to argue for static models, ...
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... temperature. When all the hydrogen is gone from the core, the reactions take place in the shell around the core, as the helium in side the core grows. The core then heats and contracts. The radius of the star expands quickly, the temperature of the star drops accordingly, the star becomes a red supe ...
Eksamination in FY2450 Astrophysics Wednesday June 8
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... by fusion processes producing new elements. Such ideas are wrong. Except for white dwarfs and neutron stars, it is only deep inside a star that temperatures and densities are high enough for fusion processes to take place. New elements are produced deep down, afterwards they usually stay there and a ...
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Astronomy 103 – Midterm 2 – October 29, 2014

... b) they avoid atmospheric turbulence c) x-rays are absorbed by the Earth’s atmosphere d) to avoid interference from x-ray sources on Earth ...
The Luna experiment - EPJ Web of Conferences
The Luna experiment - EPJ Web of Conferences

... Two electrostatic accelerators able to deliver hydrogen or helium beams have been installed in LUNA: first a compact 50 kV home made machine and then, in the year 2000, a commercial 400 kV one. Common features of the two accelerators are the high beam current, the long term stability and the precise ...
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Standard solar model

The standard solar model (SSM) is a mathematical treatment of the Sun as a spherical ball of gas (in varying states of ionisation, with the hydrogen in the deep interior being a completely ionised plasma). This model, technically the spherically symmetric quasi-static model of a star, has stellar structure described by several differential equations derived from basic physical principles. The model is constrained by boundary conditions, namely the luminosity, radius, age and composition of the Sun, which are well determined. The age of the Sun cannot be measured directly; one way to estimate it is from the age of the oldest meteorites, and models of the evolution of the Solar System. The composition in the photosphere of the modern-day Sun, by mass, is 74.9% hydrogen and 23.8% helium. All heavier elements, called metals in astronomy, account for less than 2 percent of the mass. The SSM is used to test the validity of stellar evolution theory. In fact, the only way to determine the two free parameters of the stellar evolution model, the helium abundance and the mixing length parameter (used to model convection in the Sun), are to adjust the SSM to ""fit"" the observed Sun.
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