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Black Hole at Galactic Center
Black Hole at Galactic Center

PowerPoint Lecture Chapter 8
PowerPoint Lecture Chapter 8

Sources of energy and the origin of the chemical elements
Sources of energy and the origin of the chemical elements

... Objects with M > 0.08 M¤ ignite stable thermonuclear reactions in their centres and become stars. In the initial phase of their lives they are characterized by chemical homogeneity and core-hydrogen burning. Stars with M < 2 M¤ fuse hydrogen into helium by the p-p chain, while more massive stars d ...
Brightness and Temperature of Stars
Brightness and Temperature of Stars

0001 Views of Universe
0001 Views of Universe

... • Hubble was first to notice that colors emitted by different elements seemed to be shifted toward the red (long-wavelength) end of the spectrum. • --pitch drops as moving source of sound travels away from you • --light shifts to red as it moves away from you ...
YREC: the Yale rotating stellar evolution code
YREC: the Yale rotating stellar evolution code

Friday, September 4
Friday, September 4

... • Figure out maximal altitude of the sun in these steps – Where is NCP (what is its altitude angle)? – Where is therefore the celestial equator? – How high is the sun on the celestial sphere above/below the celestial equator? – Add or subtract this angle from the altitude of the celestial equator ...
Scale model of solar system
Scale model of solar system

Lecture 15: The Main Sequence
Lecture 15: The Main Sequence

Dark anomalies called on the surface of the Sun allowed early
Dark anomalies called on the surface of the Sun allowed early

... 16. One of NASA's latest missions to explore the asteroid belt is the ______________ Mission, which was dispatched to explore Vesta and Ceres. This mission is named after the first light of day, and scientists hope the mission will help reveal secrets about the conditions that may have been present ...
ASTRONOMY 12 Problem Set 1 – Due Thursday, January 21, 2016
ASTRONOMY 12 Problem Set 1 – Due Thursday, January 21, 2016

Document
Document

... Africa. Feel the wind when you are on your next break outside. Try to describe it. Write a story about where it has been and what it has seen while blowing along. ...
19 — Stellar Energy [Revision : 1.4]
19 — Stellar Energy [Revision : 1.4]

... – This is Kelvin-Helmholtz contraction: in a star with no other energy sources, luminosity is supplied by gravitational energy release (half goes into luminosity, other half goes into thermal energy) – Typical timescale of KH contraction: tKH ∼ ...
Astr40 HWII - Empyrean Quest Publishers
Astr40 HWII - Empyrean Quest Publishers

To understand the deaths of stars and how it depends on
To understand the deaths of stars and how it depends on

... • The core basically becomes one giant atom (and the electrons fuse with the protons). • The energy to do this (remember it takes energy to break down atoms if they are smaller than iron) comes from the gravitational collapse. ...
Astrophysics
Astrophysics

... mass interior to radius r and ρ is the mass density. b. (1 pt) Rewrite the equation with m as the independent variable, i.e, dP/dm = ... c. (1 pt) Use the dP/dm equation to obtain an approximate expression for the pressure at the center of the sun, in terms of G, M, and R, where M is the total mass ...
Name: Period: ______ Sunspot Investigation Directions: Read and
Name: Period: ______ Sunspot Investigation Directions: Read and

... months. When the Sun has fewer sunspots, it gives off less energy. This results in less energy making its way to Earth, and our planet cools. Over time, scientists have noticed a pattern in the number of sunspots. About every 11 years the number of sunspots reaches a high and then decreases again. T ...
Stellar Evolution after the Main Sequence
Stellar Evolution after the Main Sequence

SOLAR SYSTEM WALK
SOLAR SYSTEM WALK

...  1. You’ll be taking a group of people on a whirlwind vacation through the solar system, starting from the Sun, and stopping to visit eight planets and a couple of dwarf planets. The solar system walk ends at the Kuiper belt, where Pluto resides. It does not go all the way to the Oort cloud, a very ...
The Solar System
The Solar System

The Solar System
The Solar System

... A comet is a small, icy celestial body that orbits around the sun. It is made up of a nucleus, a gaseous coma and a tail.  The tail can be up to 250 million km long.  Asteroids are rocky or metallic objects, most of which orbit the Sun in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter ...
The Sun!!
The Sun!!

Time From the Perspective of a Particle Physicist
Time From the Perspective of a Particle Physicist

... • end up with core of Iron nuclei plus 26 unbound “free” electrons for every Fe • electrons are “degenerate” as so close together  provide most of the pressure resisting gravity • enormous stress. electrons “give way” leaves “hole” size of Earth in center of star ...
Flat Earth / Round Earth Activity
Flat Earth / Round Earth Activity

... loop as shown in the image to the left. Examine the ellipse to the right. Line AB is called the major axis; line CD is called the minor axis. Segment “a” is known as the semimajor axis, and segment “b” is known as the semi-minor axis. The value of “e” in this diagram is known as the eccentricity. Ec ...
Chapter 1
Chapter 1

< 1 ... 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 ... 237 >

Standard solar model

The standard solar model (SSM) is a mathematical treatment of the Sun as a spherical ball of gas (in varying states of ionisation, with the hydrogen in the deep interior being a completely ionised plasma). This model, technically the spherically symmetric quasi-static model of a star, has stellar structure described by several differential equations derived from basic physical principles. The model is constrained by boundary conditions, namely the luminosity, radius, age and composition of the Sun, which are well determined. The age of the Sun cannot be measured directly; one way to estimate it is from the age of the oldest meteorites, and models of the evolution of the Solar System. The composition in the photosphere of the modern-day Sun, by mass, is 74.9% hydrogen and 23.8% helium. All heavier elements, called metals in astronomy, account for less than 2 percent of the mass. The SSM is used to test the validity of stellar evolution theory. In fact, the only way to determine the two free parameters of the stellar evolution model, the helium abundance and the mixing length parameter (used to model convection in the Sun), are to adjust the SSM to ""fit"" the observed Sun.
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