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The Mass-Radius Relation for Polytropes The mass within any point
The Mass-Radius Relation for Polytropes The mass within any point

Equation of state in stars Interior of a star contains a mixture of ions
Equation of state in stars Interior of a star contains a mixture of ions

... m will depend upon the composition of the gas and the state of ionization. For example: • Neutral hydrogen: m = 1 • Fully ionized hydrogen: m = 0.5 In the central regions of stars, OK to assume that all the elements are fully ionized. Bookeeping task to determine what m is. Denote abundances of diff ...
Death of Stars with the Mass of 0.3
Death of Stars with the Mass of 0.3

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and

Section 1 Formation of the Solar System Chapter 27
Section 1 Formation of the Solar System Chapter 27

... information on the distant object delayed a realistic understanding of its characteristics. Pluto is the second largest known dwarf planet and tenth largest orbiting the Sun. From its time of discovery in 1930 to 2006 it was considered to be the ninth planet in the solar system, but because addition ...
ASTRONOMY - Distance from the Sun (MC Quiz 1)
ASTRONOMY - Distance from the Sun (MC Quiz 1)

Sun - El Camino College
Sun - El Camino College

... seen in front of the Sun. They look bright if seen in front of empty space. 3. Facula – the inverse of sunspots; they look brighter than average on the Sun. Also called “plages.” 4. Spicule – small flame-like, quickly moving prominences (but NOT flares – they don’t leave the Sun’s surface as quickly ...
LIFE CYCLE OF A STAR
LIFE CYCLE OF A STAR

... contracts to form a new star.  The mass of the new star is about 2x the mass of the Sun – WOW!  A star has collapsed under gravity to the point where all the star particles are NEUTRONS. ...
Document
Document

... around the true value (you’ll get an A for accuracy, because you are on the true value) • Precision – all measurements are clustered but are not centered on true value • Bias – measurements are not centered on true value ...
our brightest star - El Camino College
our brightest star - El Camino College

... seen in front of the Sun. They look bright if seen in front of empty space. 3. Facula – the inverse of sunspots; they look brighter than average on the Sun. Also called “plages.” 4. Spicule – small flame-like, quickly moving prominences (but NOT flares – they don’t leave the Sun’s surface as quickly ...
The Transient Radio Sky Astrophysical and Artificial
The Transient Radio Sky Astrophysical and Artificial

...  Integration times: hours to days on HLIRGs ...
The Case for a Kilometer-Scale High Energy Neutrino Detector
The Case for a Kilometer-Scale High Energy Neutrino Detector

... the GeV-photons detected with space-based instruments. Astronomical instruments have now collected data spanning 60 octaves in photon frequency, an amazing expansion of the power of our eyes which scan the sky over less than a single octave just above 10−7 cm. Doing gamma ray astronomy at TeV energi ...
10.1 Introduction
10.1 Introduction

... This approach is adequate if, for example, we are interested in reproducing the stellar mass-luminosity relationship (Figure 4.8), or the Main Sequence of hydrogen burning stars in the luminosity-temperature diagram (Figure 3.6). Of course, the implicit assumption in homologous stellar models is tha ...
Astronomy Learning Objectives and Study Questions for Chapter 13
Astronomy Learning Objectives and Study Questions for Chapter 13

... 3. Explain why the Sun will or will not ever become a nova. 4. Describe what spectral observation distinguishes a Type Ia from a Type II supernova, and briefly explain why the spectra of these objects are different. 5. Draw a neat, well labeled sketch of a rotating neutron star and explain how this ...
High Energy Observational Astrophysics
High Energy Observational Astrophysics

... Sun will emit in its entire lifetime) If a main sequence star has a mass of over 8 times the mass of the Sun it is destined to be a type II supernova ...
PX269 Galaxies The University of Warwick
PX269 Galaxies The University of Warwick

... b) Assuming the Galactic disc has a radius of 20 kpc, a thickness of 300 pc, and it contains 1010 solar masses of hydrogen gas, estimate the average number density of hydrogen atoms in the interstellar medium. c) In what forms is this gas found? d) How might each form be detected? ...
13 Formation
13 Formation

... It is generally accepted that the planets accreted from a nebula with a composition similar to that of the sun, i.e., made mostly of hydrogen. The slowly-rotating nebula had a pressure and temperature distribution that decreased radially outward. The density of the nebula was probably not very great ...
The high density QCD phase transition in compact stars
The high density QCD phase transition in compact stars

... • The dynamics of the formation of quark matter in compact stars might provide clear signatures in the neutrino signal (measurable in SuperK & IceCube). Possible mechanism for supernova explosions !!! ...
E8A1_CRT_CR_MSTIPS_Final
E8A1_CRT_CR_MSTIPS_Final

... for the Northern Hemisphere and away when it is winter. At each of the equinoxes the Earth should not be tilted toward or way from the sun. B. The sun’s rays would be least direct in the winter for the northern hemisphere, and most direct in the southern hemisphere at this same time (The southern he ...
Stellar Evolution of a Star like the Sun
Stellar Evolution of a Star like the Sun

... central core. The central temperature need to be hotter and hotter each time a new nuclear fuel is used. Burning H to He requires tens of millions of degrees Kelvin. Burning Helium requires a higher temperature because the repulsion between the He-nuclei is larger (twice as much) than that of the Hn ...
Thermal Equilibrium
Thermal Equilibrium

Asteroseismology with the Whole Earth Telescope
Asteroseismology with the Whole Earth Telescope

... Asteroseismology with the Whole Earth Telescope (and More!) ...
The Solar System: The Sun and the Planets
The Solar System: The Sun and the Planets

honey, i shrunk the solar system
honey, i shrunk the solar system

... have each student close their left eye, extend one arm, and cover the X mark with their thumb. Once the X is covered have the students open the left eye and close the right. The thumb will appear to move back and forth due to parallax. Parallax allows the brain to see two slightly different images ( ...
PASS Content Standard 5.1
PASS Content Standard 5.1

... PASS Content Standard 5.1 ...
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Standard solar model

The standard solar model (SSM) is a mathematical treatment of the Sun as a spherical ball of gas (in varying states of ionisation, with the hydrogen in the deep interior being a completely ionised plasma). This model, technically the spherically symmetric quasi-static model of a star, has stellar structure described by several differential equations derived from basic physical principles. The model is constrained by boundary conditions, namely the luminosity, radius, age and composition of the Sun, which are well determined. The age of the Sun cannot be measured directly; one way to estimate it is from the age of the oldest meteorites, and models of the evolution of the Solar System. The composition in the photosphere of the modern-day Sun, by mass, is 74.9% hydrogen and 23.8% helium. All heavier elements, called metals in astronomy, account for less than 2 percent of the mass. The SSM is used to test the validity of stellar evolution theory. In fact, the only way to determine the two free parameters of the stellar evolution model, the helium abundance and the mixing length parameter (used to model convection in the Sun), are to adjust the SSM to ""fit"" the observed Sun.
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