Astronomy 112: The Physics of Stars Class 17 Notes: Core Collapse
... begins to occur spontaneously. Each such reaction requires 1.3 MeV of energy, and even further reduces the degeneracy pressure of the electrons. Electron capture by heavy elements earlier on in the collapse occurs for very similar reasons. The collapse is only halted once another source of pressure ...
... begins to occur spontaneously. Each such reaction requires 1.3 MeV of energy, and even further reduces the degeneracy pressure of the electrons. Electron capture by heavy elements earlier on in the collapse occurs for very similar reasons. The collapse is only halted once another source of pressure ...
File
... 1. the amount of elements present 2. temperature 3. density 4. pressure What percent of the sun’s mass is hydrogen? ...
... 1. the amount of elements present 2. temperature 3. density 4. pressure What percent of the sun’s mass is hydrogen? ...
NSCL - Michigan State University
... • How does complexity emerge from simple constituents? • How can complex systems display astonishing simplicities? ...
... • How does complexity emerge from simple constituents? • How can complex systems display astonishing simplicities? ...
Thermonuclear Reactions: The Beginning and the
... Hydrogen, deuterium and most of the helium atoms in the universe are believed to have been created some 20 billion years ago in a primary formation process referred to as the Big Bang, while all other elements have been formed — and still are being formed — in nuclear reactions in the stars. These r ...
... Hydrogen, deuterium and most of the helium atoms in the universe are believed to have been created some 20 billion years ago in a primary formation process referred to as the Big Bang, while all other elements have been formed — and still are being formed — in nuclear reactions in the stars. These r ...
universe - Northwest ISD Moodle
... At birth, the star has plentiful hydrogen. As it consumes hydrogen through fusion, helium increases. At its core, the Sun fuses 620 million metric tons of hydrogen each second. At this average distance, light travels from the Sun to Earth in about 8 minutes and 19 seconds, and is largely emitted by ...
... At birth, the star has plentiful hydrogen. As it consumes hydrogen through fusion, helium increases. At its core, the Sun fuses 620 million metric tons of hydrogen each second. At this average distance, light travels from the Sun to Earth in about 8 minutes and 19 seconds, and is largely emitted by ...
Hubblecast Episode 64: It All Ends with a Bang! — The incineration of
... 7. The most famous supernova that Hubble has directly observed came with the death of a giant star in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The light from the initial blast first reached Earth in 1987, a ...
... 7. The most famous supernova that Hubble has directly observed came with the death of a giant star in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The light from the initial blast first reached Earth in 1987, a ...
Nuclear Physics Notes - Reading Community Schools
... on the bottom is 2. So, H1 H1 ____ 32 and the element is Helium because the atomic number is 2. H12 H11 He 23 ...
... on the bottom is 2. So, H1 H1 ____ 32 and the element is Helium because the atomic number is 2. H12 H11 He 23 ...
1_Introduction - Department of Astronomy
... Small stars → white dwarf (very dense) Larger stars → neutron star (very, very dense) Largest stars → black hole (ultimate in density) ...
... Small stars → white dwarf (very dense) Larger stars → neutron star (very, very dense) Largest stars → black hole (ultimate in density) ...
Where Does Helium Come from?
... matter and are not including dark energy or dark matter). The principal composition of our Sun is primarily the product of the material produced during the Big Bang. Interestingly, about 99.86 % of all of the mass of our solar system is housed completely in the Sun while the giant planet Jupiter has ...
... matter and are not including dark energy or dark matter). The principal composition of our Sun is primarily the product of the material produced during the Big Bang. Interestingly, about 99.86 % of all of the mass of our solar system is housed completely in the Sun while the giant planet Jupiter has ...
Topic/Objective: ______ _____ Full Name: __________ Class: __
... objects with telescopes and experimenting with matter on Earth Approximately 10-20 billion years ago all matter in the universe existed in an incredibly hot and dense state, from which it expanded and cooled slowly condensing into stars and galaxies. It is expanding at a very slow rate and is st ...
... objects with telescopes and experimenting with matter on Earth Approximately 10-20 billion years ago all matter in the universe existed in an incredibly hot and dense state, from which it expanded and cooled slowly condensing into stars and galaxies. It is expanding at a very slow rate and is st ...
Test #4 (Ch. 13-16) ASTR 10 You have 1 hour to take the exam, and
... You have 1 hour to take the exam, and you can keep your copy of the test once you’re done. A list of answers to this exam will post to the course website next week, so you can have feedback on the exam before the final. 1. Which two processes can generate energy to help a star maintain its internal ...
... You have 1 hour to take the exam, and you can keep your copy of the test once you’re done. A list of answers to this exam will post to the course website next week, so you can have feedback on the exam before the final. 1. Which two processes can generate energy to help a star maintain its internal ...
kaekae14 dae dae15 lifecycleofastar
... cloud picks up stellar dust and other space junk the increasing gravity causes the cloud to collapse. As it collapses the cloud becomes smaller and hotter. After a few million years the low mass star begins to fuse helium into hydrogen. When this happens the collapse is ended because the fusion rais ...
... cloud picks up stellar dust and other space junk the increasing gravity causes the cloud to collapse. As it collapses the cloud becomes smaller and hotter. After a few million years the low mass star begins to fuse helium into hydrogen. When this happens the collapse is ended because the fusion rais ...
The Atom
... 5. What is the significance of the atomic number, Z? Where will you find it on the periodic table? 6. Look at a periodic table, what do all nickel (Ni) atoms have in ...
... 5. What is the significance of the atomic number, Z? Where will you find it on the periodic table? 6. Look at a periodic table, what do all nickel (Ni) atoms have in ...
Search for Life in the Universe
... • Hollywood picture ignores basic physics, chemistry, biology, and astronomy • No credible UFO sighting (TBD in detail) • Our task: scientific search for life, based on physics, chemistry biology, and astronomy • Science evolves: we know today much more than we knew before • But science is also alwa ...
... • Hollywood picture ignores basic physics, chemistry, biology, and astronomy • No credible UFO sighting (TBD in detail) • Our task: scientific search for life, based on physics, chemistry biology, and astronomy • Science evolves: we know today much more than we knew before • But science is also alwa ...
Chapter 2 Cosmic tombstones
... Since the magnetic axis and the rotation axis are not aligned, the pulsar operates like a lighthouse an observer sees periodic pulses of radio emission According to the leading theory, this emission is produced by fast particles propagating along the magnetic field lines Particles are extracted fr ...
... Since the magnetic axis and the rotation axis are not aligned, the pulsar operates like a lighthouse an observer sees periodic pulses of radio emission According to the leading theory, this emission is produced by fast particles propagating along the magnetic field lines Particles are extracted fr ...
P3 Further Physics - The Thomas Cowley High School
... E.g. A transformer is used to step a p.d. of 230V down to 10V. The secondary coil has 60 turns. How many turns are there on the secondary coil? ...
... E.g. A transformer is used to step a p.d. of 230V down to 10V. The secondary coil has 60 turns. How many turns are there on the secondary coil? ...
From Big Bang to Biospheres: The Scope and Limits of Explanation
... the penthouse. There is a corresponding hierarchy of complexity – atoms, molecules, cells, organisms, and so forth. But the analogy with a building is poor. The ‘higher level’ sciences dealing with complex systems aren’t imperiled by an insecure base, as a building is. Each level has its own autonom ...
... the penthouse. There is a corresponding hierarchy of complexity – atoms, molecules, cells, organisms, and so forth. But the analogy with a building is poor. The ‘higher level’ sciences dealing with complex systems aren’t imperiled by an insecure base, as a building is. Each level has its own autonom ...
Frank Timmes (ASU)
... explosion. No evidence for circumbinary material and progenitor likely a CO WD. 2. However, PTF 11kx was a SN Ia that exploded in a system with circumbinary material and they suggest that the progenitor was a Symbiotic Binary like RS Oph. But maybe not. 3. LMC: Schaefer and Pagnotta (2012) did not “ ...
... explosion. No evidence for circumbinary material and progenitor likely a CO WD. 2. However, PTF 11kx was a SN Ia that exploded in a system with circumbinary material and they suggest that the progenitor was a Symbiotic Binary like RS Oph. But maybe not. 3. LMC: Schaefer and Pagnotta (2012) did not “ ...
Part 1: Elements and light
... 2. Why are the spectra from different gases, different? (what is happening to the light to make it look different) ...
... 2. Why are the spectra from different gases, different? (what is happening to the light to make it look different) ...
l13
... All types of SNe apart from Type Ia are not observed in old stellar populations (such as elliptical galaxies). In particular Type II are observed mostly in the gas and dust rich arms of spiral galaxies. Star formation is ongoing and young stars are abundant. By contrast Type Ia SNe are found in all ...
... All types of SNe apart from Type Ia are not observed in old stellar populations (such as elliptical galaxies). In particular Type II are observed mostly in the gas and dust rich arms of spiral galaxies. Star formation is ongoing and young stars are abundant. By contrast Type Ia SNe are found in all ...
Document
... How much helium has already been synthesized in the interior? Helium/hydrogen ratio increases from model to model Thermal equilibrium: total emitted radiation total amount generated helium Mean molecular weight increases Density and temperature of the core has to increase to support the weight of ...
... How much helium has already been synthesized in the interior? Helium/hydrogen ratio increases from model to model Thermal equilibrium: total emitted radiation total amount generated helium Mean molecular weight increases Density and temperature of the core has to increase to support the weight of ...
PowerPoint Presentation - E/PO at LHEA
... Alpher worked out the conditions in the early universe Universe is expanding from a state of high density and pressure. Hydrogen & Helium were formed as universe cooled. There should be left over a background radiation with a temperature of ~ 5 Kelvin Hoyle scoffed at this theory and coined th ...
... Alpher worked out the conditions in the early universe Universe is expanding from a state of high density and pressure. Hydrogen & Helium were formed as universe cooled. There should be left over a background radiation with a temperature of ~ 5 Kelvin Hoyle scoffed at this theory and coined th ...
Slide 1
... Superbubbles, and the Source of Cosmic Rays” 2005, ApJ, 268, 738 Ikeuchi, S. “Evolution of Evolution of Superbubbles” 1998, LNP, 506, 399 Mac Low, M.M. & McCray, R. “Superbubbles in disk galaxies”, 1988, ApJ, 324, 776 Maiz-Apellaniz, J. “The Origin of the Local Bubble” 2001, ApJ, 560, L86 Oey, M.S. ...
... Superbubbles, and the Source of Cosmic Rays” 2005, ApJ, 268, 738 Ikeuchi, S. “Evolution of Evolution of Superbubbles” 1998, LNP, 506, 399 Mac Low, M.M. & McCray, R. “Superbubbles in disk galaxies”, 1988, ApJ, 324, 776 Maiz-Apellaniz, J. “The Origin of the Local Bubble” 2001, ApJ, 560, L86 Oey, M.S. ...
55-80 BIOGRAPHY_of_A STAR
... lower internal temperature, and external (yellow) smaller luminosity longer lifetime (10 B y) high mass stars (> 8 msun) have higher core temperature more luminous and higher external temperature (blue) more rapid fusion ...
... lower internal temperature, and external (yellow) smaller luminosity longer lifetime (10 B y) high mass stars (> 8 msun) have higher core temperature more luminous and higher external temperature (blue) more rapid fusion ...
However the Big Bang theory had some competition…
... The Big Bang Theory To explain Hubble’s extraordinary discoveries about our expanding universe, astronomers came up with the Big Bang Theory. The Big Bang theory states that the whole universe started from a single tiny point that expanded rapidly in an explosion about 13 Billion years ago and is s ...
... The Big Bang Theory To explain Hubble’s extraordinary discoveries about our expanding universe, astronomers came up with the Big Bang Theory. The Big Bang theory states that the whole universe started from a single tiny point that expanded rapidly in an explosion about 13 Billion years ago and is s ...
Nucleosynthesis
Nucleosynthesis is the process that creates new atomic nuclei from pre-existing nucleons, primarily protons and neutrons. The first nuclei were formed about three minutes after the Big Bang, through the process called Big Bang nucleosynthesis. It was then that hydrogen and helium formed to become the content of the first stars, and this primeval process is responsible for the present hydrogen/helium ratio of the cosmos.With the formation of stars, heavier nuclei were created from hydrogen and helium by stellar nucleosynthesis, a process that continues today. Some of these elements, particularly those lighter than iron, continue to be delivered to the interstellar medium when low mass stars eject their outer envelope before they collapse to form white dwarfs. The remains of their ejected mass form the planetary nebulae observable throughout our galaxy.Supernova nucleosynthesis within exploding stars by fusing carbon and oxygen is responsible for the abundances of elements between magnesium (atomic number 12) and nickel (atomic number 28). Supernova nucleosynthesis is also thought to be responsible for the creation of rarer elements heavier than iron and nickel, in the last few seconds of a type II supernova event. The synthesis of these heavier elements absorbs energy (endothermic) as they are created, from the energy produced during the supernova explosion. Some of those elements are created from the absorption of multiple neutrons (the R process) in the period of a few seconds during the explosion. The elements formed in supernovas include the heaviest elements known, such as the long-lived elements uranium and thorium.Cosmic ray spallation, caused when cosmic rays impact the interstellar medium and fragment larger atomic species, is a significant source of the lighter nuclei, particularly 3He, 9Be and 10,11B, that are not created by stellar nucleosynthesis.In addition to the fusion processes responsible for the growing abundances of elements in the universe, a few minor natural processes continue to produce very small numbers of new nuclides on Earth. These nuclides contribute little to their abundances, but may account for the presence of specific new nuclei. These nuclides are produced via radiogenesis (decay) of long-lived, heavy, primordial radionuclides such as uranium and thorium. Cosmic ray bombardment of elements on Earth also contribute to the presence of rare, short-lived atomic species called cosmogenic nuclides.