P1 The Earth in the Universe
... “Expanding Universe” – if there isn’t enough mass in the universe then it will just keep on expending forever. If there is just the right mass in the universe then it will reach a fixed size. ...
... “Expanding Universe” – if there isn’t enough mass in the universe then it will just keep on expending forever. If there is just the right mass in the universe then it will reach a fixed size. ...
FIRST DETECTION OF KRYPTON AND XENON IN A WHITE DWARF
... Bues (2000), RE 0503−289 is still evolving toward the wind limit that must be crossed before diffusion overcomes radiationdriven mass loss. If this is true, then the surface abundances of RE 0503−289 are the outcome of a merger process with subsequent He-shell burning and n-capture nucleosynthesis. ...
... Bues (2000), RE 0503−289 is still evolving toward the wind limit that must be crossed before diffusion overcomes radiationdriven mass loss. If this is true, then the surface abundances of RE 0503−289 are the outcome of a merger process with subsequent He-shell burning and n-capture nucleosynthesis. ...
God and Cosmology - Evidence for Christianity
... The Universe is Just Right for Life • Weakening of strong force by 50% or more would prevent heavy elements essential to life from forming • Gravity is 1037 times weaker than electromagnetic force; if only 1033 times weaker, stellar lifetimes greatly shortened • Universe has three spatial dimension ...
... The Universe is Just Right for Life • Weakening of strong force by 50% or more would prevent heavy elements essential to life from forming • Gravity is 1037 times weaker than electromagnetic force; if only 1033 times weaker, stellar lifetimes greatly shortened • Universe has three spatial dimension ...
Discovery of extremely lead-rich subdwarfs: does heavy metal signal
... Accepted 2013 June 14. Received 2013 June 14; in original form 2013 April 23 ...
... Accepted 2013 June 14. Received 2013 June 14; in original form 2013 April 23 ...
Constraining planet structure from stellar chemistry: the cases of
... thus be used as a proxy for the iron mass fraction for three out of four terrestrial planets. This fraction is in turn a key quantity for the characterization of exoplanets: from measurement of mass and radius alone, the interior composition can only be weakly constrained owing to model degeneracies ...
... thus be used as a proxy for the iron mass fraction for three out of four terrestrial planets. This fraction is in turn a key quantity for the characterization of exoplanets: from measurement of mass and radius alone, the interior composition can only be weakly constrained owing to model degeneracies ...
1 Josh Machado Science Section C. Language Arts Section E. 5/15
... stellar corpse known as a white dwarf. When a star comes to the end of its life, there are a number of ways it can die, as well as numerous varieties of stellar corpses that can be left behind. When stars around the size of our sun die, they become red giants, and eventually white dwarfs. A white dw ...
... stellar corpse known as a white dwarf. When a star comes to the end of its life, there are a number of ways it can die, as well as numerous varieties of stellar corpses that can be left behind. When stars around the size of our sun die, they become red giants, and eventually white dwarfs. A white dw ...
Stellar Kinematics
... Since very low mass stars are common (red dwarfs), maybe very, very low mass brown dwarfs are even more common ...
... Since very low mass stars are common (red dwarfs), maybe very, very low mass brown dwarfs are even more common ...
Final Review Questions. 1. Compare the atmospheric scale height of
... 18. Why is it that at T ∼ 107 K, the proton-proton chain and the CNO cycle produce roughly the same amount of energy, even though the CNO cycle requires much higher Gamov energies (and thus has much lower quantum tunneling probabilities)? 19. Why does the central temperature of the Sun increase slig ...
... 18. Why is it that at T ∼ 107 K, the proton-proton chain and the CNO cycle produce roughly the same amount of energy, even though the CNO cycle requires much higher Gamov energies (and thus has much lower quantum tunneling probabilities)? 19. Why does the central temperature of the Sun increase slig ...
Big Bang Theory
... - galaxies are moving apart, but they themselves do not expand because of gravity ...
... - galaxies are moving apart, but they themselves do not expand because of gravity ...
PowerPoint file - Adin Community Bible Church
... “Stars are formed by the gravitational collapse of cool dense gas and dust clouds…. There are problems, however, in initiating the collapse of a gas cloud. It resists collapse because of firstly its internal motions and the heating effects of nearby stars, secondly the centrifugal support due to rot ...
... “Stars are formed by the gravitational collapse of cool dense gas and dust clouds…. There are problems, however, in initiating the collapse of a gas cloud. It resists collapse because of firstly its internal motions and the heating effects of nearby stars, secondly the centrifugal support due to rot ...
Going to the End of the Earth to Learn About the Beginning of the
... ever taken Over 10,000 galaxies in this image! ...
... ever taken Over 10,000 galaxies in this image! ...
File
... Most of the mass of the sun is hydrogen, the lightest element. When four hydrogen nuclei join to make a helium nucleus, they lose about 1 percent of their mass. The process by which light elements join to make heavier elements is called nuclear fusion. While 1 percent may seem like a small loss of m ...
... Most of the mass of the sun is hydrogen, the lightest element. When four hydrogen nuclei join to make a helium nucleus, they lose about 1 percent of their mass. The process by which light elements join to make heavier elements is called nuclear fusion. While 1 percent may seem like a small loss of m ...
Document
... • A new star reaches the main sequence when inward gravitational collapse is: a. Halted by degeneracy pressure in the core. b. Halted when the atoms are pushed up against one another and contraction stops. c. Finally balanced by outward thermal pressure from nuclear reactions. d. Finally balanced by ...
... • A new star reaches the main sequence when inward gravitational collapse is: a. Halted by degeneracy pressure in the core. b. Halted when the atoms are pushed up against one another and contraction stops. c. Finally balanced by outward thermal pressure from nuclear reactions. d. Finally balanced by ...
Globular Cluster Formation in CDM Cosmologies
... devoid of metals, dust, strong B field,… Going back in time – to 400 million years after the Big Bang – to the “dark era” In what kind of objects did such stars form, and how did they influence their environment… ...
... devoid of metals, dust, strong B field,… Going back in time – to 400 million years after the Big Bang – to the “dark era” In what kind of objects did such stars form, and how did they influence their environment… ...
The Early Universe PowerPoint
... • Two particles are always produced • One particle has + charge & the other – charge – The overall electrical charge of the Universe does not change ...
... • Two particles are always produced • One particle has + charge & the other – charge – The overall electrical charge of the Universe does not change ...
Downloadable Full Text
... core-collapse supernovae3,4, but evidence in the local universe favored r-process production primarily from rare events like neutron star mergers5,6. The appearance of a europium abundance plateau in some dwarf spheroidal galaxies was suggested as evidence for rare rprocess enrichment in the early u ...
... core-collapse supernovae3,4, but evidence in the local universe favored r-process production primarily from rare events like neutron star mergers5,6. The appearance of a europium abundance plateau in some dwarf spheroidal galaxies was suggested as evidence for rare rprocess enrichment in the early u ...
Life and Death of a Star The Universe Season 1 Episode 10
... The elements making up our bodies or the Earth come from these explosions and the nuclear reactions in a star. Neutron Stars: After a type 2 supernova, the core is compressed to something about 10 miles wide. The electrons combine with protons to make neutrons. The core can now be compressed to a ce ...
... The elements making up our bodies or the Earth come from these explosions and the nuclear reactions in a star. Neutron Stars: After a type 2 supernova, the core is compressed to something about 10 miles wide. The electrons combine with protons to make neutrons. The core can now be compressed to a ce ...
Redshift takes us from 2-D to 3-D
... 4) The particles created from energy must be equal numbers of matter and antimatter (to conserve all quantum numbers). 5) Once the matter froze out (going forward in time), all the antimatter would annihilate with the matter, leaving energy (which gets redshifted down below the threshold energy to m ...
... 4) The particles created from energy must be equal numbers of matter and antimatter (to conserve all quantum numbers). 5) Once the matter froze out (going forward in time), all the antimatter would annihilate with the matter, leaving energy (which gets redshifted down below the threshold energy to m ...
1. The distances to the most remote galaxies can be
... This galaxy has merged with the Milky Way and is now a part of it. This particular galaxy is moving away from us. This galaxy has an unusual number of very bright and blue (i.e. hot) stars in it. ...
... This galaxy has merged with the Milky Way and is now a part of it. This particular galaxy is moving away from us. This galaxy has an unusual number of very bright and blue (i.e. hot) stars in it. ...
a thermonuclear flame has almost completed TEN SECONDS AFTER IGNITION,
... hydrogen fuel and then its helium, it turns to its carbon and oxygen. Not only can the fusion of these elements release a titanic pulse of energy, it produces radioactive nickel 56, whose gradual decay would account for the months-long afterglow of the initial explosion. Both these ideas have proved ...
... hydrogen fuel and then its helium, it turns to its carbon and oxygen. Not only can the fusion of these elements release a titanic pulse of energy, it produces radioactive nickel 56, whose gradual decay would account for the months-long afterglow of the initial explosion. Both these ideas have proved ...
–1– 1. The Salpeter Initial Mass Function The initial mass function is
... where φM S (logM) is the present day mass function, φ(MV ) is the luminosity function as a function of the absolute magnitude MV , H(MV ) is the galactic scale height for a given MV and fM S (MV ) is the fraction of stars with MV . To get the IMF, we must make an assumption about the birthrate of st ...
... where φM S (logM) is the present day mass function, φ(MV ) is the luminosity function as a function of the absolute magnitude MV , H(MV ) is the galactic scale height for a given MV and fM S (MV ) is the fraction of stars with MV . To get the IMF, we must make an assumption about the birthrate of st ...
Nuclear Fusion – when two H atoms combine to form one atom thus
... Nebula – Stars are formed or “born” in a nebula. Massive cosmic cloud of matter from which stars are created. Light Year – distance light travels in one year. 186,000 miles/sec – speed of light Life Cycle of a Star Stars start off as a nebula until a nuclear explosion causes the star to shine. The n ...
... Nebula – Stars are formed or “born” in a nebula. Massive cosmic cloud of matter from which stars are created. Light Year – distance light travels in one year. 186,000 miles/sec – speed of light Life Cycle of a Star Stars start off as a nebula until a nuclear explosion causes the star to shine. The n ...
Binary Star Par 1802 Word Document
... An unusual binary star system in the Orion nebula (Translated from Sterne und Weltraum 12/08 by G S Kelly) For many years astronomers have assumed that the stars in binary or multiple systems form at the same time. Now, however, a research team headed by Keivan Stassun at the Vanderbilt University i ...
... An unusual binary star system in the Orion nebula (Translated from Sterne und Weltraum 12/08 by G S Kelly) For many years astronomers have assumed that the stars in binary or multiple systems form at the same time. Now, however, a research team headed by Keivan Stassun at the Vanderbilt University i ...
Nucleosynthesis
Nucleosynthesis is the process that creates new atomic nuclei from pre-existing nucleons, primarily protons and neutrons. The first nuclei were formed about three minutes after the Big Bang, through the process called Big Bang nucleosynthesis. It was then that hydrogen and helium formed to become the content of the first stars, and this primeval process is responsible for the present hydrogen/helium ratio of the cosmos.With the formation of stars, heavier nuclei were created from hydrogen and helium by stellar nucleosynthesis, a process that continues today. Some of these elements, particularly those lighter than iron, continue to be delivered to the interstellar medium when low mass stars eject their outer envelope before they collapse to form white dwarfs. The remains of their ejected mass form the planetary nebulae observable throughout our galaxy.Supernova nucleosynthesis within exploding stars by fusing carbon and oxygen is responsible for the abundances of elements between magnesium (atomic number 12) and nickel (atomic number 28). Supernova nucleosynthesis is also thought to be responsible for the creation of rarer elements heavier than iron and nickel, in the last few seconds of a type II supernova event. The synthesis of these heavier elements absorbs energy (endothermic) as they are created, from the energy produced during the supernova explosion. Some of those elements are created from the absorption of multiple neutrons (the R process) in the period of a few seconds during the explosion. The elements formed in supernovas include the heaviest elements known, such as the long-lived elements uranium and thorium.Cosmic ray spallation, caused when cosmic rays impact the interstellar medium and fragment larger atomic species, is a significant source of the lighter nuclei, particularly 3He, 9Be and 10,11B, that are not created by stellar nucleosynthesis.In addition to the fusion processes responsible for the growing abundances of elements in the universe, a few minor natural processes continue to produce very small numbers of new nuclides on Earth. These nuclides contribute little to their abundances, but may account for the presence of specific new nuclei. These nuclides are produced via radiogenesis (decay) of long-lived, heavy, primordial radionuclides such as uranium and thorium. Cosmic ray bombardment of elements on Earth also contribute to the presence of rare, short-lived atomic species called cosmogenic nuclides.