Honors Bio Genetics Exam Retake Study Guide
... Objective # 6 Karyotype—taking a picture of chromosomes and matching them up to determine if there is a full set. 19. List the types of information that can be determined from a karyotype. Can one determine gender? Objective #7 Meiosis ...
... Objective # 6 Karyotype—taking a picture of chromosomes and matching them up to determine if there is a full set. 19. List the types of information that can be determined from a karyotype. Can one determine gender? Objective #7 Meiosis ...
Mutation Notes What is a MUTATION? Any change made to the DNA
... Mutation Notes What is a MUTATION? Any change made to the DNA Do all mutation cause a change in a trait? Not always, it depends on location of mutation and type Mutations can be inherited from parent to child or acquired due to environmental damage or mistakes in replication Mutations happen regular ...
... Mutation Notes What is a MUTATION? Any change made to the DNA Do all mutation cause a change in a trait? Not always, it depends on location of mutation and type Mutations can be inherited from parent to child or acquired due to environmental damage or mistakes in replication Mutations happen regular ...
Heredity and Reproduction.pps
... The phenotype of parent pea plants if the flowers of the first generation has all red flowers and the second generation is 75% red flowers and 25% white flowers. ...
... The phenotype of parent pea plants if the flowers of the first generation has all red flowers and the second generation is 75% red flowers and 25% white flowers. ...
Chapter 2 Cell Division and Reproduction Review Sheet
... 1. __________ A eukaryotic cell generally spends most of its lifetime in the mitotic phase. 2. __________ The mitotic phase includes mitosis and cytokinesis. 3. __________ The cell cycle is more complicated in prokaryotic than eukaryotic cells. 4. __________ In mitosis, new nuclear membranes form du ...
... 1. __________ A eukaryotic cell generally spends most of its lifetime in the mitotic phase. 2. __________ The mitotic phase includes mitosis and cytokinesis. 3. __________ The cell cycle is more complicated in prokaryotic than eukaryotic cells. 4. __________ In mitosis, new nuclear membranes form du ...
CELL CYCLE and MITOSIS 2001
... • Carry cell’s DNA along with some proteins • Found in pairs that are similar but not identical. Known as homologues or is said to be homologous • For most of the cell cycle, chromosomal material organized into long, thin strands of thread-like material known as chromatin ...
... • Carry cell’s DNA along with some proteins • Found in pairs that are similar but not identical. Known as homologues or is said to be homologous • For most of the cell cycle, chromosomal material organized into long, thin strands of thread-like material known as chromatin ...
Plant Reproduction
... • Haploid: having a single set of chromosomes in each cell. • Diploid: having two sets of chromosomes in each cell. • Mitosis: cell division, which produces two genetically identical cells. • Meiosis: reduction division, which produces four haploid reproductive cells. ...
... • Haploid: having a single set of chromosomes in each cell. • Diploid: having two sets of chromosomes in each cell. • Mitosis: cell division, which produces two genetically identical cells. • Meiosis: reduction division, which produces four haploid reproductive cells. ...
The Mechanism of X inactivation
... to segregate properly during anaphase • Meiotic nondisjunction can produce haploid cells that have too many or too few chromosomes – If such a gamete participates in fertilization • The resulting individual will have an abnormal chromosomal composition in all of its cells ...
... to segregate properly during anaphase • Meiotic nondisjunction can produce haploid cells that have too many or too few chromosomes – If such a gamete participates in fertilization • The resulting individual will have an abnormal chromosomal composition in all of its cells ...
Lab Quiz 2
... Lab 11 and Lab 12 Mitosis and Meiosis Describe the life cycle Fig. 11-1 What is fertilization, zygote, DNA, chromosome, mitosis, cytokinesis, homologous chromosome, sister chromatids Distinguish between animal and plant mitosis (models, slides or pictures) Postlab question 5 and 7 Recognize each sta ...
... Lab 11 and Lab 12 Mitosis and Meiosis Describe the life cycle Fig. 11-1 What is fertilization, zygote, DNA, chromosome, mitosis, cytokinesis, homologous chromosome, sister chromatids Distinguish between animal and plant mitosis (models, slides or pictures) Postlab question 5 and 7 Recognize each sta ...
Ch 6 Student Notes
... __________________________________________________________________ o Duplication – ______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ o Inversion – ________________________________________________________ ________________________ ...
... __________________________________________________________________ o Duplication – ______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ o Inversion – ________________________________________________________ ________________________ ...
Reproduction - Doctor Jade Main
... cells-4 sperm or 1 egg & 3 polar bodies • occurs in stages • many resemble stages of mitosis • preceded by replication of chromosomes • followed by two successive nuclear divisions: meiosis I (reduction) & meiosis II (division) ...
... cells-4 sperm or 1 egg & 3 polar bodies • occurs in stages • many resemble stages of mitosis • preceded by replication of chromosomes • followed by two successive nuclear divisions: meiosis I (reduction) & meiosis II (division) ...
Genetic Control of Protein Synthesis, Cell Function, and Cell
... proceeds in both directions. • Entire genome is replicated once - further replication is blocked • involves DNA polymerase and other proteins that function to unwind and stabilize the DNA and “prime” DNA replication of the “lagging” strand. ...
... proceeds in both directions. • Entire genome is replicated once - further replication is blocked • involves DNA polymerase and other proteins that function to unwind and stabilize the DNA and “prime” DNA replication of the “lagging” strand. ...
Congenital & Genetic Disorders
... – Mitosis = process of cell replication where DNA is replicated (“mutations”) – For maintenance and growth of the organism – Chromosomes number stays constant – Meiosis = process of making sex cells (gametes) – For sexual reproduction – Chromosome number is reduced by half SEE NEXT SLIDE ...
... – Mitosis = process of cell replication where DNA is replicated (“mutations”) – For maintenance and growth of the organism – Chromosomes number stays constant – Meiosis = process of making sex cells (gametes) – For sexual reproduction – Chromosome number is reduced by half SEE NEXT SLIDE ...
Unit 3: Mitosis and Meiosis
... that maintains chromosome number Mitosis proceeds in four stages: ...
... that maintains chromosome number Mitosis proceeds in four stages: ...
Fact Sheet – Cell division and inheritance
... • The cell divides once to form two genetically identical body cells • During growth • To replace cells that are damaged or lost • Testes • Ovaries • Copies of the genetic material are made • The cell divides twice to form four gametes When two gametes (sex cells) fuse ...
... • The cell divides once to form two genetically identical body cells • During growth • To replace cells that are damaged or lost • Testes • Ovaries • Copies of the genetic material are made • The cell divides twice to form four gametes When two gametes (sex cells) fuse ...
Cell Biology
... Majority of cells under-go mitosis Main purpose of mitosis is growth and repair ...
... Majority of cells under-go mitosis Main purpose of mitosis is growth and repair ...
Cell Reproduction
... regulate the cycle Regulatory molecules, usually enzymes (protein kinases) To become active kinases need a cyclin to trigger them Often called “Cdks” (cyclin-dependent kinases) ...
... regulate the cycle Regulatory molecules, usually enzymes (protein kinases) To become active kinases need a cyclin to trigger them Often called “Cdks” (cyclin-dependent kinases) ...
Overview of Mitosis and Meiosis
... Prophase I - Homologous chromosomes pair to form tetrad by synapsis - Crossing over can occur - Centrioles spread and spindles extend - Polar spindles extend centriole to centriole - Kinetochore spindles attach to centromeres of each double chromosome ...
... Prophase I - Homologous chromosomes pair to form tetrad by synapsis - Crossing over can occur - Centrioles spread and spindles extend - Polar spindles extend centriole to centriole - Kinetochore spindles attach to centromeres of each double chromosome ...
Cell division is part of the cell cycle
... Prophase • DNA condenses to form chromosomes. • Each chromosome has 2 chromatids and a centromere ...
... Prophase • DNA condenses to form chromosomes. • Each chromosome has 2 chromatids and a centromere ...
cell cycle - Explore Biology
... 10. Eukatyotic mitosis is thought to have evolved from _________________________________ 11. Why is the regulation of the cell cycle critical to normal cells? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ...
... 10. Eukatyotic mitosis is thought to have evolved from _________________________________ 11. Why is the regulation of the cell cycle critical to normal cells? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ...
Terms to brush up on before this unit: DNA – deoxyribonucleic acid
... replication of DNA S phase – DNA replication G2 phase – protein synthesis and preparation for division -characterized by well defined nucleus and distinct nucleoli bound by a nuclear envelope, but duplicated chromosomes not distinguished individually yet ...
... replication of DNA S phase – DNA replication G2 phase – protein synthesis and preparation for division -characterized by well defined nucleus and distinct nucleoli bound by a nuclear envelope, but duplicated chromosomes not distinguished individually yet ...
AQA B2 ESQ - Mitosis and Meiosis 1
... What happens to the genetic material before the cell divides? ...
... What happens to the genetic material before the cell divides? ...
MEIOSIS, Sexual Reproduction and Gender
... 10. Write the stage of meiosis where the following takes place. a. Homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell b. Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell c. Homologous pairs line up on the metaphase plate together, the maternal member on one side and the patern ...
... 10. Write the stage of meiosis where the following takes place. a. Homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell b. Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell c. Homologous pairs line up on the metaphase plate together, the maternal member on one side and the patern ...
Document
... In eukaryotes, nuclear chromosomes are packaged by proteins into a condensed structure called chromatin. This allows the very long DNA molecules to fit into the cell nucleus. The structure of chromosomes and chromatin varies through the cell cycle. Chromosomes are the essential unit for cellular div ...
... In eukaryotes, nuclear chromosomes are packaged by proteins into a condensed structure called chromatin. This allows the very long DNA molecules to fit into the cell nucleus. The structure of chromosomes and chromatin varies through the cell cycle. Chromosomes are the essential unit for cellular div ...
Meiosis
Meiosis /maɪˈoʊsɨs/ is a specialized type of cell division which reduces the chromosome number by half. This process occurs in all sexually reproducing single-celled and multi-celled eukaryotes, including animals, plants, and fungi. Errors in meiosis resulting in aneuploidy are the leading known cause of miscarriage and the most frequent genetic cause of developmental disabilities. In meiosis, DNA replication is followed by two rounds of cell division to produce four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes as the original parent cell. The two meiotic divisions are known as meiosis I and meiosis II. Before meiosis begins, during S phase of the cell cycle, the DNA of each chromosome is replicated so that it consists of two identical sister chromatids. In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair with each other and can exchange genetic material in a process called chromosomal crossover. The homologous chromosomes are then segregated into two new daughter cells, each containing half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. At the end of meiosis I, sister chromatids remain attached and may differ from one another if crossing-over occurred. In meiosis II, the two cells produced during meiosis I divide again. Sister chromatids segregate from one another to produce four total daughter cells. These cells can mature into various types of gametes such as ova, sperm, spores, or pollen.Because the number of chromosomes is halved during meiosis, gametes can fuse (i.e. fertilization) to form a zygote with a complete chromosome count containing a combination of paternal and maternal chromosomes. Thus, meiosis and fertilization facilitate sexual reproduction with successive generations maintaining the same number of chromosomes. For example, a typical diploid human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total, half of maternal origin and half of paternal origin). Meiosis produces haploid gametes with one set of 23 chromosomes. When two gametes (an egg and a sperm) fuse, the resulting zygote is once again diploid, with the mother and father each contributing 23 chromosomes. This same pattern, but not the same number of chromosomes, occurs in all organisms that utilize meiosis. Thus, if a species has 30 chromosomes in its somatic cells, it will produce gametes with 15 chromosomes.