
Virology Lectures Virology - College of Veterinary Medicine
... virus (TMV) consisted of protein and RNA, then other biochemists have studied the chemistry of other viruses which infect plants, animals, insects, bacteria. All they found that all viruses contain only one type of nucleic acid (NA) either DNA or RNA but not both, plus a protective coat of protein i ...
... virus (TMV) consisted of protein and RNA, then other biochemists have studied the chemistry of other viruses which infect plants, animals, insects, bacteria. All they found that all viruses contain only one type of nucleic acid (NA) either DNA or RNA but not both, plus a protective coat of protein i ...
Characterization of a Highly Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus.
... recent isolates, in terms of virulence, cannot be based solely upon the se minor antigenic alterations. If this is true , it may be postulated that, in ail possibility more crucial mutational changes have occurred in VP 1 and lor VP4 (currently recognised as the viral RNA polymerase and protease, re ...
... recent isolates, in terms of virulence, cannot be based solely upon the se minor antigenic alterations. If this is true , it may be postulated that, in ail possibility more crucial mutational changes have occurred in VP 1 and lor VP4 (currently recognised as the viral RNA polymerase and protease, re ...
Avian Flu - surryinfo.net
... Pandemic Flu: Pandemic flu can emerge any time during the year. It results from a new or novel flu virus that becomes easily transmitted from human to human. Because it is new, no one has antibodies (immunity) to this virus and there would not yet be a vaccine. The projected number of deaths for NC ...
... Pandemic Flu: Pandemic flu can emerge any time during the year. It results from a new or novel flu virus that becomes easily transmitted from human to human. Because it is new, no one has antibodies (immunity) to this virus and there would not yet be a vaccine. The projected number of deaths for NC ...
Viral Pathogenesis (32 slides, 859KB)
... Reactivation - It is well known that many triggers can provoke a recurrence. These include physical or psychological stress, infection; especially pneumococcal and meningococcal, fever, irradiation; including sunlight, and menstruation. ...
... Reactivation - It is well known that many triggers can provoke a recurrence. These include physical or psychological stress, infection; especially pneumococcal and meningococcal, fever, irradiation; including sunlight, and menstruation. ...
Viral Pathogenesis
... • Resting cells that become infected produce virus only after immune stimulation; these cells have a half-life of at least 5-6 months. • Some cells are infected with defective virus that cannot complete the virus life-cycle. Such cells are very long lived, and have an estimated half-life of approxim ...
... • Resting cells that become infected produce virus only after immune stimulation; these cells have a half-life of at least 5-6 months. • Some cells are infected with defective virus that cannot complete the virus life-cycle. Such cells are very long lived, and have an estimated half-life of approxim ...
Press Kit Seasonal Flu
... haemaglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) *-has been widely demonstrated.2,8 Seasonal influenza vaccines are formulated every year, based on the WHO seasonal recommendations and contain the HA and NA antigens of two influenza A virus subtypes (H3N2 and H1N1) and those of one influenza B virus.1,8,21 ...
... haemaglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) *-has been widely demonstrated.2,8 Seasonal influenza vaccines are formulated every year, based on the WHO seasonal recommendations and contain the HA and NA antigens of two influenza A virus subtypes (H3N2 and H1N1) and those of one influenza B virus.1,8,21 ...
The HSV Manual (v1 - McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT
... The viruses are in PBS+10% sucrose+25 mM HEPES, 7.3. HSVs are highly perishable and do not do well at room temperature or at 4. Keep your HSVs at 80 or on dry ice until you use them. Avoid repetitive freeze-thaws, as this reduces titer slightly. The thing to remember with HSV, every time you do ...
... The viruses are in PBS+10% sucrose+25 mM HEPES, 7.3. HSVs are highly perishable and do not do well at room temperature or at 4. Keep your HSVs at 80 or on dry ice until you use them. Avoid repetitive freeze-thaws, as this reduces titer slightly. The thing to remember with HSV, every time you do ...
Autoimmune computer virus
... Autoimmune computer viruses (AICV) are not new «Biological immune disorders in which host defenses turn against the host and actually cause damage are known as autoimmune diseases. Computer autoimmune disorders parallel their biological ...
... Autoimmune computer viruses (AICV) are not new «Biological immune disorders in which host defenses turn against the host and actually cause damage are known as autoimmune diseases. Computer autoimmune disorders parallel their biological ...
Chapter 13—Viruses, Viroids, and Prions I. General Characteristics
... (protein/antigen) on the bacterium. 2. Penetration: Phage lysozyme opens the cell wall, and its tail sheath contracts to force the tail core and viral DNA into the cell. 3. Biosynthesis: Phage DNA circularizes and directs production of phage DNA and proteins. Host DNA is destroyed (broken into fragm ...
... (protein/antigen) on the bacterium. 2. Penetration: Phage lysozyme opens the cell wall, and its tail sheath contracts to force the tail core and viral DNA into the cell. 3. Biosynthesis: Phage DNA circularizes and directs production of phage DNA and proteins. Host DNA is destroyed (broken into fragm ...
Pox viruses - people.iup.edu
... • Include hepatitis B • Can lead to liver cancer • Viral replication occurs through an RNA intermediate ...
... • Include hepatitis B • Can lead to liver cancer • Viral replication occurs through an RNA intermediate ...
Introduction to the Viruses
... and other life forms. This theory is hard to test but seems unlikely, since a given virus can typically cause disease only in one species or in a group of related species. Even a hypothetical ...
... and other life forms. This theory is hard to test but seems unlikely, since a given virus can typically cause disease only in one species or in a group of related species. Even a hypothetical ...
Chapter 33 Herpesvirus
... Viral host shutoff (VHS) protein released into the cytoplasm and initiates the degradation of host cell mRNA α-Trans-inducing factor (αTIF) is transported to the nucleus ...
... Viral host shutoff (VHS) protein released into the cytoplasm and initiates the degradation of host cell mRNA α-Trans-inducing factor (αTIF) is transported to the nucleus ...
CH 13 Notes - Haiku Learning
... 4. Emerging disease: illnesses caused by new or reappearing infectious agents that typically exist in animal populations a) wild and domestic animals can have viruses that can be transmitted to people b) Avian or bird flu is due to close interaction of people and poultry on farms and in markets aro ...
... 4. Emerging disease: illnesses caused by new or reappearing infectious agents that typically exist in animal populations a) wild and domestic animals can have viruses that can be transmitted to people b) Avian or bird flu is due to close interaction of people and poultry on farms and in markets aro ...
Bird Flu 4 panel
... breath. Diarrhoea is often present early on in the illness, but may start up to one week before the flulike symptoms. People can also have stomach pain or vomiting or headache. ...
... breath. Diarrhoea is often present early on in the illness, but may start up to one week before the flulike symptoms. People can also have stomach pain or vomiting or headache. ...
Identification and Diagnosis of Newly Emerging Pathogens
... reasserted strain may possess properties of both parental strains. Moreover, domestic and wild animals such as pigs, chickens, and ducks are natural influenza virus hosts, serving as mixing vessels for creating reassortment of the influenza virus. The reassortment may obtain the ability to invade hu ...
... reasserted strain may possess properties of both parental strains. Moreover, domestic and wild animals such as pigs, chickens, and ducks are natural influenza virus hosts, serving as mixing vessels for creating reassortment of the influenza virus. The reassortment may obtain the ability to invade hu ...
Medical Microbiology Exam Class D June 19th, 2013
... Choose the correct answers to each question, remember that more than one of the choices (a-d) may have the characteristic, so you must mark all that would have it for full credit. No partial credit is given. 1. Who was the first person to observe bacteria using a microscope? a. Lister b. van Leeuven ...
... Choose the correct answers to each question, remember that more than one of the choices (a-d) may have the characteristic, so you must mark all that would have it for full credit. No partial credit is given. 1. Who was the first person to observe bacteria using a microscope? a. Lister b. van Leeuven ...
NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES - okyanusbilgiambari.com
... There are no data on the incidence of sporadic NLV infection in the New Zealand. A prospective population-based study in England found an annual incidence of NLV infection of 1250/100 000. If this rate is applied in New Zealand, approximately 45 000 episodes of NLV gastroenteritis a year could be ex ...
... There are no data on the incidence of sporadic NLV infection in the New Zealand. A prospective population-based study in England found an annual incidence of NLV infection of 1250/100 000. If this rate is applied in New Zealand, approximately 45 000 episodes of NLV gastroenteritis a year could be ex ...
Risk assessment for safe handling of severe fever with
... 2: Consideration of the nature of the work All work will be cell culture based; no work in animals will be carried out. All the work will be small-scale: virus grow-ups will generate up to 100ml of stocks (4 large flasks, 25ml medium per flask), while other experiments usually involve small flasks w ...
... 2: Consideration of the nature of the work All work will be cell culture based; no work in animals will be carried out. All the work will be small-scale: virus grow-ups will generate up to 100ml of stocks (4 large flasks, 25ml medium per flask), while other experiments usually involve small flasks w ...
Herpes viruses
... Herpes viruses Introduction The Herpetoviridae family is a complicated family of viruses. In this family we have 25 different viruses which infect both humans and different species of animals. Only 8 of the viruses are known to cause infections in humans. Each one causes different clinical manifesta ...
... Herpes viruses Introduction The Herpetoviridae family is a complicated family of viruses. In this family we have 25 different viruses which infect both humans and different species of animals. Only 8 of the viruses are known to cause infections in humans. Each one causes different clinical manifesta ...
Lots of us are sick, and it`s probably going to get worse
... The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows flu cases rising slowly in November and much more sharply in December. It found high rates of flu-like illnesses only in Arizona, Georgia, and Puerto Rico. The agency said that it was too early to tell how well this year's vaccine was workin ...
... The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows flu cases rising slowly in November and much more sharply in December. It found high rates of flu-like illnesses only in Arizona, Georgia, and Puerto Rico. The agency said that it was too early to tell how well this year's vaccine was workin ...
Juveniles and migrants as drivers for seasonal epizootics of avian
... viruses (LPAIV) has been seen to exhibit marked seasonal variation. However, mechanisms driving this variation in wild birds have yet to be tested. We investigated the validity of three previously suggested drivers for the seasonal dynamics in LPAIV infections in wild birds: (i) host density, (ii) i ...
... viruses (LPAIV) has been seen to exhibit marked seasonal variation. However, mechanisms driving this variation in wild birds have yet to be tested. We investigated the validity of three previously suggested drivers for the seasonal dynamics in LPAIV infections in wild birds: (i) host density, (ii) i ...
bird flu leaflet
... breath. Diarrhoea is often present early on in the illness, but may start up to one week before the flulike symptoms. People can also have stomach pain or vomiting or headache. ...
... breath. Diarrhoea is often present early on in the illness, but may start up to one week before the flulike symptoms. People can also have stomach pain or vomiting or headache. ...
Influenza
... 17. Health-EU: Influenza - Official EU public health portal set up to encourage the coordination of member states in their response to influenza A(H1N1) responsible for the current pandemic. 18. Healthscribes: Influenza - Provides information on flu, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, side effe ...
... 17. Health-EU: Influenza - Official EU public health portal set up to encourage the coordination of member states in their response to influenza A(H1N1) responsible for the current pandemic. 18. Healthscribes: Influenza - Provides information on flu, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, side effe ...
the viruses among us - Almaden Valley Community Association
... Sore throat Runny or stuffy nose Muscle or body aches Headaches Fatigue (tiredness) Some people may have vomiting and diarrhea, though this is more common in children than adults. ...
... Sore throat Runny or stuffy nose Muscle or body aches Headaches Fatigue (tiredness) Some people may have vomiting and diarrhea, though this is more common in children than adults. ...
Influenza A virus

Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.