Physiology of Flagella - Life Sciences Outreach at Harvard University
... Direction of movement Runs and Tumbles • To move forward flagella rotates Counterclockwise propelling cell body with the tail following behind • When flagella rotates Clockwise forward motion stops and cell tumbles Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College ...
... Direction of movement Runs and Tumbles • To move forward flagella rotates Counterclockwise propelling cell body with the tail following behind • When flagella rotates Clockwise forward motion stops and cell tumbles Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College ...
Stomatal development: cross talk puts mouths in place
... The expression pattern of SDD1 is consistent with the hypothesis that SDD1 helps produce a proximity signal that originates from stomatal precursors (Fig. 3). Both RNA in situ hybridization and promoter-reporter techniques show that SDD1 expression occurs primarily in meristemoids and GMCs [19]. In ...
... The expression pattern of SDD1 is consistent with the hypothesis that SDD1 helps produce a proximity signal that originates from stomatal precursors (Fig. 3). Both RNA in situ hybridization and promoter-reporter techniques show that SDD1 expression occurs primarily in meristemoids and GMCs [19]. In ...
Selfish genes, plasmids, phage: Altruistic bacteria
... found mainly in Escherichia coli on low–copy-number plasmids and are responsible for what is called the postsegregational killing effect; that is, they are responsible for the death of plasmid-free cells. When bacteria lose the plasmid(s) (or other extrachromosomal elements), the cured cells are sel ...
... found mainly in Escherichia coli on low–copy-number plasmids and are responsible for what is called the postsegregational killing effect; that is, they are responsible for the death of plasmid-free cells. When bacteria lose the plasmid(s) (or other extrachromosomal elements), the cured cells are sel ...
Defence signalling pathways in cereals Pietro Piffanelli
... Arabidopsis: NDR1 [35] encodes a small and possibly membrane-anchored protein with unknown function, and EDS1 [36] is predicted to be an intracellular protein containing three sequence motifs characteristic of lipases. RAR1, NDR1, and EDS1 differ from each other in that the Arabidopsis proteins are ...
... Arabidopsis: NDR1 [35] encodes a small and possibly membrane-anchored protein with unknown function, and EDS1 [36] is predicted to be an intracellular protein containing three sequence motifs characteristic of lipases. RAR1, NDR1, and EDS1 differ from each other in that the Arabidopsis proteins are ...
MEGAKARYOPOIESIS
... The size is bigger with ranges between 20-80 microns and the nucleus has a few more nuclei (more than 4N). ...
... The size is bigger with ranges between 20-80 microns and the nucleus has a few more nuclei (more than 4N). ...
Chapter 4 Powerpoint
... Three important parameters of microscopy Magnification, the ratio of an object’s image size to its real size Resolution, the measure of the clarity of the image, or the minimum distance between two ...
... Three important parameters of microscopy Magnification, the ratio of an object’s image size to its real size Resolution, the measure of the clarity of the image, or the minimum distance between two ...
cells
... If there is a difference in the phase (compared to mitosis), you MUST include a FOOTNOTE under the image stating & explaining what the difference is ...
... If there is a difference in the phase (compared to mitosis), you MUST include a FOOTNOTE under the image stating & explaining what the difference is ...
PATHOGENIC EFFECTS OF VIRUSES
... • Are smallest infectious agents (human pathogens) known. • Majority can only be seen by electron microscopy. • Few largest ones are just visible by light microscopy. • Each true virus contains only a single nucleic acid as its genome, that is DNA or RNA contained in a protein shell. The type of n ...
... • Are smallest infectious agents (human pathogens) known. • Majority can only be seen by electron microscopy. • Few largest ones are just visible by light microscopy. • Each true virus contains only a single nucleic acid as its genome, that is DNA or RNA contained in a protein shell. The type of n ...
Carbohydrates Learning Objective Carbohydrates
... enantiomers. They are designated as D and L or R (rectus) and S (sinister) depending on the arrangement of groups around the asymmetric carbon atom. R and S nomenclature is based on priority of atomic numbers of atoms directly attached to the central asymmetric centre. ...
... enantiomers. They are designated as D and L or R (rectus) and S (sinister) depending on the arrangement of groups around the asymmetric carbon atom. R and S nomenclature is based on priority of atomic numbers of atoms directly attached to the central asymmetric centre. ...
Chapter 2
... Lipid Rafts, Cholesterol, and Membrane Fluidity Regions of the plasma membrane called “lipid rafts” have high concentrations of cholesterol. Consequently, the proteins in lipid rafts a) diffuse more freely in the membrane. ...
... Lipid Rafts, Cholesterol, and Membrane Fluidity Regions of the plasma membrane called “lipid rafts” have high concentrations of cholesterol. Consequently, the proteins in lipid rafts a) diffuse more freely in the membrane. ...
Anti-Cytochrome c Mouse mAb (7H8.2C12) Cat. No. AP1029
... essential component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Early studies showed that during the course of an apoptotic response there was a rapid loss of function of cytochrome c in the dying cell. This was later shown to be due specific release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria with subsequent ...
... essential component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Early studies showed that during the course of an apoptotic response there was a rapid loss of function of cytochrome c in the dying cell. This was later shown to be due specific release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria with subsequent ...
Enhancing the Activity of Cannabidiol and Other Cannabinoids In
... cannabidiol (CBD), which is non-psychoactive, also have anticancer properties, which make them effective in a wide spectrum of tumour cells both in vivo and in vitro. This includes potent effects in leukaemia both as single agents and in combination with conventional chemotherapies (6, 7). Although ...
... cannabidiol (CBD), which is non-psychoactive, also have anticancer properties, which make them effective in a wide spectrum of tumour cells both in vivo and in vitro. This includes potent effects in leukaemia both as single agents and in combination with conventional chemotherapies (6, 7). Although ...
File
... Giberellins – Plant hormones that act as growth regulators, particularly in the internodes of stems by stimulating elongation of the growing cells; they also promote the growth of fruit and are involved in breaking dormancy in seeds and in germination. Cytokinins – Plant hormones that promote ce ...
... Giberellins – Plant hormones that act as growth regulators, particularly in the internodes of stems by stimulating elongation of the growing cells; they also promote the growth of fruit and are involved in breaking dormancy in seeds and in germination. Cytokinins – Plant hormones that promote ce ...
Bacteriophage Multiplication—Dependence on Host Physiology
... Abstract: - Bacteriophage burst size is a function of three independent parameters (eclipse and latent periods, and rate of ripening during the rise period) that together are essential and sufficient to describe multiplication in the bacterial host. A general model [1] to describe the classical “one ...
... Abstract: - Bacteriophage burst size is a function of three independent parameters (eclipse and latent periods, and rate of ripening during the rise period) that together are essential and sufficient to describe multiplication in the bacterial host. A general model [1] to describe the classical “one ...
View PDF
... Skeletal muscle is, in terms of volume, the most abundant tissue in the vertebrate body. It exerts a key role in controlling several physiological functions such as driving locomotion, maintaining body temperature, and hosting a significant portion of the metabolic activity. Myofibers are the primar ...
... Skeletal muscle is, in terms of volume, the most abundant tissue in the vertebrate body. It exerts a key role in controlling several physiological functions such as driving locomotion, maintaining body temperature, and hosting a significant portion of the metabolic activity. Myofibers are the primar ...
Evolutionary cell biology: Two origins, one objective
... working with the resources made available in previous generations. Once established, useful features cannot be easily dismantled and reassembled de novo unless there is an intermediate period of redundancy. One remarkable example of how history continues to influence today’s cell biology is the nea ...
... working with the resources made available in previous generations. Once established, useful features cannot be easily dismantled and reassembled de novo unless there is an intermediate period of redundancy. One remarkable example of how history continues to influence today’s cell biology is the nea ...
Commentaries on Cutting Edge Science
... of ATF6 location and, thus, ATF6 activity. Lynch et al found that ATF6 location and activity also can be determined by its interaction with Thbs4. The Thbs family is composed of 5 members whose expression and secretion from numerous cell types, including cardiac myocytes, are increased during pathol ...
... of ATF6 location and, thus, ATF6 activity. Lynch et al found that ATF6 location and activity also can be determined by its interaction with Thbs4. The Thbs family is composed of 5 members whose expression and secretion from numerous cell types, including cardiac myocytes, are increased during pathol ...
Role of Cytoskeleton in Controlling the Disorder Strength of Cellular
... are not confined to a specific region but are distributed throughout the cell. Because the cytoskeleton is ubiquitous throughout the cell, we next investigate the role of the cytoskeleton in determining the differences in the disorder strength between the control HT29 and the Csk shRNAtransfected HT ...
... are not confined to a specific region but are distributed throughout the cell. Because the cytoskeleton is ubiquitous throughout the cell, we next investigate the role of the cytoskeleton in determining the differences in the disorder strength between the control HT29 and the Csk shRNAtransfected HT ...
DOC - ADAM Interactive Anatomy
... • In a resting neuron, the electrochemical gradient for sodium is very large and causes sodium to move into the cell. • The electrochemical gradient for potassium causes it to move out of the cell, but the gradient is very small. ...
... • In a resting neuron, the electrochemical gradient for sodium is very large and causes sodium to move into the cell. • The electrochemical gradient for potassium causes it to move out of the cell, but the gradient is very small. ...
Subcellular localization of yeast CDC46 varies with the cell cycle.
... that several cell division cycle [CDC] genes first identified in Saccbaromyces cerevisiae encode conserved elements required for global control of the cell cycle in all eukaryotes (Wittenberg and Reed 1989; Nurse 1990). One component, identified as CDC2 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and CDC28 in S. c ...
... that several cell division cycle [CDC] genes first identified in Saccbaromyces cerevisiae encode conserved elements required for global control of the cell cycle in all eukaryotes (Wittenberg and Reed 1989; Nurse 1990). One component, identified as CDC2 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and CDC28 in S. c ...
The role of cell cycle–regulated expression in the
... cells (Fig. 1 B). The signal at the proximal pole was still detectable in 29% (n 204) of daughter cells during the first budding cycle (Fig. 1 B, *), but it was only rarely detected (1%) in cells budding for the second or third time. In contrast to our previous observations (made using GFP– BUD9 ...
... cells (Fig. 1 B). The signal at the proximal pole was still detectable in 29% (n 204) of daughter cells during the first budding cycle (Fig. 1 B, *), but it was only rarely detected (1%) in cells budding for the second or third time. In contrast to our previous observations (made using GFP– BUD9 ...
Bio 226: Cell and Molecular Biology
... Plant Cell Walls and Growth 1˚ walls = 25% cellulose, 25% hemicellulose, 35% pectin, 5% protein (but highly variable) Cellulose: ordered chains made of glucose linked b 1-4 • Cross-link with neighbors to form strong, stable fibers ...
... Plant Cell Walls and Growth 1˚ walls = 25% cellulose, 25% hemicellulose, 35% pectin, 5% protein (but highly variable) Cellulose: ordered chains made of glucose linked b 1-4 • Cross-link with neighbors to form strong, stable fibers ...
Effects of Nonequilibrium Atmospheric Pressure Plasmas on the
... morphology of bacteria. It shows that before cell destruction takes place, normal cell functioning can be altered by exposure to plasma. However, whether sublethal effects are reversible, cause irreversible damage 共or mutation兲 to the cells, or ultimately lead to cellular death is unknown. In additi ...
... morphology of bacteria. It shows that before cell destruction takes place, normal cell functioning can be altered by exposure to plasma. However, whether sublethal effects are reversible, cause irreversible damage 共or mutation兲 to the cells, or ultimately lead to cellular death is unknown. In additi ...
A Simple 1-D Physical Model for the Crawling Nematode Sperm Cell
... We introduce phenomenological pH dependencies of unbundling and depolymerization rates, based upon observations that filaments disassociate from each other and disassemble at low pH. Adhesion of MSP filaments to the cell membrane, and adhesion of the cell membrane to the surface seem to have an elec ...
... We introduce phenomenological pH dependencies of unbundling and depolymerization rates, based upon observations that filaments disassociate from each other and disassemble at low pH. Adhesion of MSP filaments to the cell membrane, and adhesion of the cell membrane to the surface seem to have an elec ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.