The Control of Arabidopsis thaliana Growth by Cell
... A key step of the cell cycle is the entry into the DNA replication phase that typically commits cells to divide. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating this transition in plants. Here, we investigated the function of FBL17 (F BOX-LIKE17), an Arabidopsis thaliana F-box pro ...
... A key step of the cell cycle is the entry into the DNA replication phase that typically commits cells to divide. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating this transition in plants. Here, we investigated the function of FBL17 (F BOX-LIKE17), an Arabidopsis thaliana F-box pro ...
Signaling pathways at the leading edge of chemotaxing cells
... activation of signaling, dynamic regulation of the activity and localization of PI3Ks would be an important step in establishing the local activation. Both PI3K1 and PI3K2 were found to rapidly and transiently localize to the plasma membrane in response to global stimulation with cAMP and to the lea ...
... activation of signaling, dynamic regulation of the activity and localization of PI3Ks would be an important step in establishing the local activation. Both PI3K1 and PI3K2 were found to rapidly and transiently localize to the plasma membrane in response to global stimulation with cAMP and to the lea ...
The Cell, 5e - Sinauer Associates
... by binding to Apaf-1 in a protein complex called the apoptosome. Cytochrome c is also required, which is released from mitochondria. ...
... by binding to Apaf-1 in a protein complex called the apoptosome. Cytochrome c is also required, which is released from mitochondria. ...
8/21/08 Transcript I
... In order to get our coiled-coil arrangement within myosin tails, we have to have the 7 reside heptad repeats and there are more repeats which we have not talked about at great lengths (28 reside repeat which is 4 of these 7 residues and there is a 196 reside repeat which is a multiple of 7 residue ...
... In order to get our coiled-coil arrangement within myosin tails, we have to have the 7 reside heptad repeats and there are more repeats which we have not talked about at great lengths (28 reside repeat which is 4 of these 7 residues and there is a 196 reside repeat which is a multiple of 7 residue ...
VCLab 4 Gram stain and capsule stain
... The Gram stain is used to distinguish between Gram positive bacteria (will look violet because they are not decolorized) and Gram negative bacteria (will look pink from the safranin because they were decolorized). Since all bacteria are either Gram positive or Gram negative, this stain is the first ...
... The Gram stain is used to distinguish between Gram positive bacteria (will look violet because they are not decolorized) and Gram negative bacteria (will look pink from the safranin because they were decolorized). Since all bacteria are either Gram positive or Gram negative, this stain is the first ...
gamete interaction in flowering plants
... possibility of identifying both male and female gametespecific expressed genes [19,22–28]. Respective promoters now serve as valuable tools to drive expression of fluorescent proteins in Arabidopsis gametes, enabling live imaging of the fertilization process. Figure 2 shows the events following sper ...
... possibility of identifying both male and female gametespecific expressed genes [19,22–28]. Respective promoters now serve as valuable tools to drive expression of fluorescent proteins in Arabidopsis gametes, enabling live imaging of the fertilization process. Figure 2 shows the events following sper ...
Arabidopsis Phragmoplast-Associated Kinesins Play
... mirrored sets of microtubules, which are aligned perpendicularly to the division plane with their plus ends located at the division site. It is not well understood how the phragmoplast microtubule array is organized. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two homologous microtubule motor kinesins, PAKRP1/Kinesin- ...
... mirrored sets of microtubules, which are aligned perpendicularly to the division plane with their plus ends located at the division site. It is not well understood how the phragmoplast microtubule array is organized. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two homologous microtubule motor kinesins, PAKRP1/Kinesin- ...
Optical measurement of cell membrane tension
... value for the bending modulus obtained from the fit is κ = ( 0.7 ± 0.12 ) × 10−20 J and the tension coefficient was σ = ( 3.5 ± 0.6 ) × 10−7 J/m2. These values agree very well with what was measured on vesicles using pipette aspiration 26. Blood samples were collected and centrifuged for 10 minutes ...
... value for the bending modulus obtained from the fit is κ = ( 0.7 ± 0.12 ) × 10−20 J and the tension coefficient was σ = ( 3.5 ± 0.6 ) × 10−7 J/m2. These values agree very well with what was measured on vesicles using pipette aspiration 26. Blood samples were collected and centrifuged for 10 minutes ...
Section 5.4: Asexual Reproduction
... • Binary Fission – the asexual reproduction of a single-celled organism by division into 2 roughly equal parts. – binary fission and mitosis are have similar results. Both processes form two genetically identical daughter cells. – Bacteria and other prokaryotes have one “ringshaped” chromosome in th ...
... • Binary Fission – the asexual reproduction of a single-celled organism by division into 2 roughly equal parts. – binary fission and mitosis are have similar results. Both processes form two genetically identical daughter cells. – Bacteria and other prokaryotes have one “ringshaped” chromosome in th ...
Chapter 2: Basic Biological Principles Lesson 2: Structural and
... The answer to these questions is clear once you know how a cell functions. To carry out life processes, a cell must be able to quickly pass substances into and out of the cell. For example, it must be able to pass nutrients and oxygen into the cell and waste products out of the cell. Anything that e ...
... The answer to these questions is clear once you know how a cell functions. To carry out life processes, a cell must be able to quickly pass substances into and out of the cell. For example, it must be able to pass nutrients and oxygen into the cell and waste products out of the cell. Anything that e ...
glycosphingolipid degradation - Limes-Institut-Bonn
... that the affected storage vesicles are in the late endosomal or lysosomal compartments. These compartments are still functionally active, except that they are unable to degrade sphingolipids that have short oligosaccharide head groups. After complementation of the medium of these cells with the miss ...
... that the affected storage vesicles are in the late endosomal or lysosomal compartments. These compartments are still functionally active, except that they are unable to degrade sphingolipids that have short oligosaccharide head groups. After complementation of the medium of these cells with the miss ...
T. brucei basal body component - Journal of Cell Science
... and COS cells as well as the centriole of mouse spermatozoa, indicating that a TBBC-like centriolar component has been conserved during the evolution of eukaryotes. ...
... and COS cells as well as the centriole of mouse spermatozoa, indicating that a TBBC-like centriolar component has been conserved during the evolution of eukaryotes. ...
Mitosis - Zanichelli
... Meiosis requires two division cycles The life cycle of most multicellular organisms include both mitosis and meiosis. ...
... Meiosis requires two division cycles The life cycle of most multicellular organisms include both mitosis and meiosis. ...
Bis2A 09.0 Membranes: Components and Structure
... A cell's plasma membrane de nes the cell, outlines its borders, and determines the nature of its interaction with its environment (see Table 1 for a summary). Cells exclude some substances, take in others, and excrete still others, all in controlled quantities. The plasma membrane must be very exib ...
... A cell's plasma membrane de nes the cell, outlines its borders, and determines the nature of its interaction with its environment (see Table 1 for a summary). Cells exclude some substances, take in others, and excrete still others, all in controlled quantities. The plasma membrane must be very exib ...
Article The Influence of Cell Mechanics, Cell-Cell
... to form a hexagonal array occurs shortly before hair formation [9]. Much is known about the molecular machinery that reorganizes epithelial contacts. The epithelial zonula adherens contains many proteins with both adhesive and contractile functions. The homophilic adhesion molecule E-cadherin not on ...
... to form a hexagonal array occurs shortly before hair formation [9]. Much is known about the molecular machinery that reorganizes epithelial contacts. The epithelial zonula adherens contains many proteins with both adhesive and contractile functions. The homophilic adhesion molecule E-cadherin not on ...
The integrin–actin connection, an eternal love affair
... Signalling to the actin After ligand binding, integrins activate signalling cascades that affect formation, turnover and linkage of actin ®laments. The stimulation of Rho-GTPases is of special importance in this respect. These molecules are essential for the organization of the actin cytoskeleton an ...
... Signalling to the actin After ligand binding, integrins activate signalling cascades that affect formation, turnover and linkage of actin ®laments. The stimulation of Rho-GTPases is of special importance in this respect. These molecules are essential for the organization of the actin cytoskeleton an ...
Mineral Nutrition in Plants II
... the young stems and leaves place themselves so that the leaves may be well illuminated...they are extremely heliotropic; and this probably serves...as a guide (for) the buried seeds through fissures in the ground or through overlying masses of vegetation, into the light and air. - Charles Darwin “Th ...
... the young stems and leaves place themselves so that the leaves may be well illuminated...they are extremely heliotropic; and this probably serves...as a guide (for) the buried seeds through fissures in the ground or through overlying masses of vegetation, into the light and air. - Charles Darwin “Th ...
Get PDF file - Botanik in Bonn
... mitosomes, have sizes below 500 nm and lack any DNA.28 Nevertheless, these mini-cells can reproduce themselves as their numbers are maintained at about 250 for one host cell.29 Both mitosomes and hydrogenosomes provide us with convincing evidences that DNA can be completely removed from one partner ...
... mitosomes, have sizes below 500 nm and lack any DNA.28 Nevertheless, these mini-cells can reproduce themselves as their numbers are maintained at about 250 for one host cell.29 Both mitosomes and hydrogenosomes provide us with convincing evidences that DNA can be completely removed from one partner ...
Meiosis II
... Normal human body cells each contain 46 chromosomes. The cell division process that body cells undergo is called mitosis and produces daughter cells that are virtually identical to the parent cell. Working with a partner, discuss and answer the questions that follow. ...
... Normal human body cells each contain 46 chromosomes. The cell division process that body cells undergo is called mitosis and produces daughter cells that are virtually identical to the parent cell. Working with a partner, discuss and answer the questions that follow. ...
Diffusive Transport vs. Active Transport
... cytoplasm. Kate Luby-Phelps observations of diffusion of dextrans in cytoplasm show nonuniformity with larger particles (Luby-Phelps, 2000). The cortical actin region of cytoplasm is restrictive of large particle diffusion whereas the perinuclear region is not. Active Transport For directed transpor ...
... cytoplasm. Kate Luby-Phelps observations of diffusion of dextrans in cytoplasm show nonuniformity with larger particles (Luby-Phelps, 2000). The cortical actin region of cytoplasm is restrictive of large particle diffusion whereas the perinuclear region is not. Active Transport For directed transpor ...
Strategies of actin reorganisation in plant cells
... Time-lapse imaging of cells expressing GFP-Lifeact demonstrated active rearrangements of F-actin. Two mechanistically distinct types of dynamics were observed. One characterised by elongation, severing and shortening events (supplementary material Movies 3 and 4), and the second by elastic contracti ...
... Time-lapse imaging of cells expressing GFP-Lifeact demonstrated active rearrangements of F-actin. Two mechanistically distinct types of dynamics were observed. One characterised by elongation, severing and shortening events (supplementary material Movies 3 and 4), and the second by elastic contracti ...
46 HL60 nuclei lacking the nuclear double membrane contain a
... absence of detergent. Nuclei generated in this way may be contaminated with membranes contiguous with the outer nuclear membrane, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In such a preparation, a perinuclear enzyme activity could not be distinguished from an intranuclear one. Nuclei prepared using de ...
... absence of detergent. Nuclei generated in this way may be contaminated with membranes contiguous with the outer nuclear membrane, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In such a preparation, a perinuclear enzyme activity could not be distinguished from an intranuclear one. Nuclei prepared using de ...
Cell Communication
... Coordination of the Response • Different kinds of cells have different collections of proteins • These different proteins allow cells to detect and respond to different signals • Even the same signal can have different effects in cells with different proteins and pathways • Pathway branching and “cr ...
... Coordination of the Response • Different kinds of cells have different collections of proteins • These different proteins allow cells to detect and respond to different signals • Even the same signal can have different effects in cells with different proteins and pathways • Pathway branching and “cr ...
Non-neoplastic globe pathology non-neoplastic globe
... Bruch’s accumulates lipids, non-collagenous proteins, extracellular matrix + collagen and elastin changes. This occurs with aging. Then…second phase…accumulation of basal linear deposit (between RPE cell and its basement membrane) and basal laminar deposit (between RPE basement membrane and inner co ...
... Bruch’s accumulates lipids, non-collagenous proteins, extracellular matrix + collagen and elastin changes. This occurs with aging. Then…second phase…accumulation of basal linear deposit (between RPE cell and its basement membrane) and basal laminar deposit (between RPE basement membrane and inner co ...
Growth Control: A Saga of Cell Walls, ROS, and Peptide
... in synergid cells during fertilization. FER Is a RALF Receptor, Causing Cell Wall Alkalinization Another recent study sheds a new and unexpected light on the role of FER (Haruta et al., 2014). The authors show that FER is a receptor for Rapid Alkalinization Factor 1 (RALF1), a 49–amino acid peptide ...
... in synergid cells during fertilization. FER Is a RALF Receptor, Causing Cell Wall Alkalinization Another recent study sheds a new and unexpected light on the role of FER (Haruta et al., 2014). The authors show that FER is a receptor for Rapid Alkalinization Factor 1 (RALF1), a 49–amino acid peptide ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.