Mechanism of polarized lysosome exocytosis in epithelial cells
... calcium ionophores or pore-forming toxins cause lysosomes to fuse predominantly with the basolateral membrane. This polarized exocytosis is regulated by the actin cytoskeleton, membrane cholesterol and the clathrin adaptor AP-1. Depolymerization of actin, but not microtubules, causes apical lysosome ...
... calcium ionophores or pore-forming toxins cause lysosomes to fuse predominantly with the basolateral membrane. This polarized exocytosis is regulated by the actin cytoskeleton, membrane cholesterol and the clathrin adaptor AP-1. Depolymerization of actin, but not microtubules, causes apical lysosome ...
A New Model of the Human Atrial Myocyte with Variable T
... re-entry have been studied in recent years, the mechanisms underlying the generation of ectopic activity in human AF are still unclear. Ectopic activity in tissue results from synchronisation of triggered activity - spontaneously induced electrical action potentials (APs) - in the single cell. Spont ...
... re-entry have been studied in recent years, the mechanisms underlying the generation of ectopic activity in human AF are still unclear. Ectopic activity in tissue results from synchronisation of triggered activity - spontaneously induced electrical action potentials (APs) - in the single cell. Spont ...
Mutations in Actin-Related Proteins 2 and 3 Affect Cell Shape
... the Arabidopsis ARP2 and ARP3 orthologs, respectively. Our cell biological data from various cell types in these mutants indicate that expansion growth in Arabidopsis requires ARP2/3 complex activity, and its loss results in inefficient fine F-actin formation while leading to enhanced F-actin aggreg ...
... the Arabidopsis ARP2 and ARP3 orthologs, respectively. Our cell biological data from various cell types in these mutants indicate that expansion growth in Arabidopsis requires ARP2/3 complex activity, and its loss results in inefficient fine F-actin formation while leading to enhanced F-actin aggreg ...
Chapter 5: Membrane Structure and Function 5.1 Membrane Models
... b. Active transport requires ATP and have high number of mitochondria near membranes. c. Proteins involved in active transport are often called "pumps"; the sodiumpotassium pump is an important carrier system in nerve and muscle cells. d. Salt (NaCl) crosses a plasma membrane because sodium ions are ...
... b. Active transport requires ATP and have high number of mitochondria near membranes. c. Proteins involved in active transport are often called "pumps"; the sodiumpotassium pump is an important carrier system in nerve and muscle cells. d. Salt (NaCl) crosses a plasma membrane because sodium ions are ...
Bystin in human cancer cells: intracellular localization and function
... showed defective processing of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), although expression of human bystin did not complement the yeast null mutant [11]. ...
... showed defective processing of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), although expression of human bystin did not complement the yeast null mutant [11]. ...
Peroxiredoxin-controlled G-CSF signalling at the endoplasmic
... adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (Nox) complexes. In phagocytes the Nox system mainly serves to produce high levels of H2O2 for the so-called oxidative burst, a major weapon in host defence against bacteria. In non-phagocytic cells, H2O2 has long been considered as an unwanted by-product of ce ...
... adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (Nox) complexes. In phagocytes the Nox system mainly serves to produce high levels of H2O2 for the so-called oxidative burst, a major weapon in host defence against bacteria. In non-phagocytic cells, H2O2 has long been considered as an unwanted by-product of ce ...
The different shapes of cocci
... debated (Tiyanont et al., 2006) and although the key effectors of cell wall biosynthesis controlled by MreBs have not yet been identified. A second cytoskeleton element is composed of the tubulin homologue FtsZ, which polymerizes as a ring at the division site and is widely distributed in bacteria ( ...
... debated (Tiyanont et al., 2006) and although the key effectors of cell wall biosynthesis controlled by MreBs have not yet been identified. A second cytoskeleton element is composed of the tubulin homologue FtsZ, which polymerizes as a ring at the division site and is widely distributed in bacteria ( ...
Identification of plant cytoskeleton-interacting proteins
... (60 lm sec)1) as cytoplasmic streaming in this alga (HigashiFujime et al., 1995) and birch pollen profilin binds to human VASP directly and stabilizes microfilaments in animal cells (Reinhard et al., 1995; Rothkegel et al., 1996). Despite the similar sequence and structure of the cytoskeleton buildi ...
... (60 lm sec)1) as cytoplasmic streaming in this alga (HigashiFujime et al., 1995) and birch pollen profilin binds to human VASP directly and stabilizes microfilaments in animal cells (Reinhard et al., 1995; Rothkegel et al., 1996). Despite the similar sequence and structure of the cytoskeleton buildi ...
Bangor School Department Grade 7 Science
... each number. _______________1. The structures that supply energy for the cell and are known as the "powerhouse" of the cell are the A) Chromosomes. C) mitochondria. B) endoplasmic reticulum. D) ribosomes. _______________2. One product of fermentation in yeast cells is A) alcohol. C) lactic acid. B) ...
... each number. _______________1. The structures that supply energy for the cell and are known as the "powerhouse" of the cell are the A) Chromosomes. C) mitochondria. B) endoplasmic reticulum. D) ribosomes. _______________2. One product of fermentation in yeast cells is A) alcohol. C) lactic acid. B) ...
FUNCTIONAL INVESTIGATION OF AN RNA BINDING PROTEIN
... homologues were represented only by EST sequences, which have similarity to the conserved Cterminal of DTL. Zhu et al. (2001) isolated a nuclear receptor co-activator-interacting protein, designated PIMT, from a human liver cDNA library by using the co-activator peroxisome proliferatoractivated rece ...
... homologues were represented only by EST sequences, which have similarity to the conserved Cterminal of DTL. Zhu et al. (2001) isolated a nuclear receptor co-activator-interacting protein, designated PIMT, from a human liver cDNA library by using the co-activator peroxisome proliferatoractivated rece ...
- Wiley Online Library
... and protects the T-DNA from nucleases [7]. Upon binding of the VirE2 protein, the VirE2/ssDNA complex coils into a regular telephone cord structure [8]. This highly ordered structure might be extended in vivo to facilitate transport through the nucleopore complex [5]. The VirE2 protein is by far the ...
... and protects the T-DNA from nucleases [7]. Upon binding of the VirE2 protein, the VirE2/ssDNA complex coils into a regular telephone cord structure [8]. This highly ordered structure might be extended in vivo to facilitate transport through the nucleopore complex [5]. The VirE2 protein is by far the ...
Keshara Senanayake Ms.Reep AP BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE
... a sufficiently high ration of S.A to volume is important for cells that enhance a lot of material with their surroundings such cells might have thing project to increase S.A without much volume increase (microvillus) eukaryotic cell has an elaborately arranged internal membrane these membran ...
... a sufficiently high ration of S.A to volume is important for cells that enhance a lot of material with their surroundings such cells might have thing project to increase S.A without much volume increase (microvillus) eukaryotic cell has an elaborately arranged internal membrane these membran ...
Tonoplast and Vacuoles
... Two types of vacuoles are depicted: large protein storage vacuoles (V1) and smaller lytic/autophagic‐type vacuoles (V2) that may be involved in autophagy‐associated programmed cell death. ...
... Two types of vacuoles are depicted: large protein storage vacuoles (V1) and smaller lytic/autophagic‐type vacuoles (V2) that may be involved in autophagy‐associated programmed cell death. ...
Chapter 3 Cells- Structure & Function Part II
... Cells have two major periods Interphase Cell grows Cell carries on metabolic processes ...
... Cells have two major periods Interphase Cell grows Cell carries on metabolic processes ...
SepF, a novel FtsZ-interacting protein required for a late step in cell
... reflects structural differences between the cell-envelopes of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. We will focus here on cell division in B. subtilis. The divisome complex spans the cytoplasmic membrane. At the core of the cytoplasmic site of the divisome lies the Z-ring, assembly of which is s ...
... reflects structural differences between the cell-envelopes of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. We will focus here on cell division in B. subtilis. The divisome complex spans the cytoplasmic membrane. At the core of the cytoplasmic site of the divisome lies the Z-ring, assembly of which is s ...
Defineation of canine parvovirus T cell epitopes with peripheral
... Induction of CPV-specific T cell immunity in mice. Female BALB/c mice 8 to 16 weeks of age, free from known pathogenic mouse viruses, including mouse parvoviruses, raised in the barrier-maintained facilities of the Bilthoven laboratory, were immunized according to methods recently described for the ...
... Induction of CPV-specific T cell immunity in mice. Female BALB/c mice 8 to 16 weeks of age, free from known pathogenic mouse viruses, including mouse parvoviruses, raised in the barrier-maintained facilities of the Bilthoven laboratory, were immunized according to methods recently described for the ...
EMT in developmental morphogenesis
... lateral membrane adheres to each other (e.g., through adherens junctions); (5) Their basal membrane interacts with a specialized extracellular matrix, the basement membrane (e.g., through integrins and dystroglycan) [2–4,6,20]. Cells organized this way are considered to be fully epithelial (Fig. 2A) ...
... lateral membrane adheres to each other (e.g., through adherens junctions); (5) Their basal membrane interacts with a specialized extracellular matrix, the basement membrane (e.g., through integrins and dystroglycan) [2–4,6,20]. Cells organized this way are considered to be fully epithelial (Fig. 2A) ...
Open questions in the origin of eukaryotes
... >1500 selective specific duplications: • cell‐cell signaling • small molecule signaling • integrative transcription control ...
... >1500 selective specific duplications: • cell‐cell signaling • small molecule signaling • integrative transcription control ...
The Parkinson`s disease protein -synuclein disrupts
... other trafficking steps. RAB8A is the Rab most closely related to Rab1 by sequence homology, but it functions in post-Golgi trafficking. RAB3A is specific to neurons (17), where it concentrates at presynaptic sites and plays a role in tethering and docking neurotransmitter vesicles in preparation fo ...
... other trafficking steps. RAB8A is the Rab most closely related to Rab1 by sequence homology, but it functions in post-Golgi trafficking. RAB3A is specific to neurons (17), where it concentrates at presynaptic sites and plays a role in tethering and docking neurotransmitter vesicles in preparation fo ...
Ecto-enzymes ofmammary gland and its tumours
... number of cell types. Its external location suggests that it is different from previously described ATPases, which are found at the interior surface of plasma membranes and often supply the energy requirement for transport functions. In the human erythrocyte membrane, the best-studied membrane model ...
... number of cell types. Its external location suggests that it is different from previously described ATPases, which are found at the interior surface of plasma membranes and often supply the energy requirement for transport functions. In the human erythrocyte membrane, the best-studied membrane model ...
Asymmetric Cell Division as a Route to Reduction in Cell Length
... corset of closely packed subpellicular microtubules (Angelopoulos 1970) that are linked to each other and to the plasma membrane (Hemphill et al. 1991). The only hole in the array of subpellicular microtubules occurs at the point at which the flagellum emerges from the cell body (Hemphill et al. 199 ...
... corset of closely packed subpellicular microtubules (Angelopoulos 1970) that are linked to each other and to the plasma membrane (Hemphill et al. 1991). The only hole in the array of subpellicular microtubules occurs at the point at which the flagellum emerges from the cell body (Hemphill et al. 199 ...
Cell Cycle in the Fucus Zygote Parallels a Somatic Cell
... (A) to (D) Zygotes treated with 100 M olomoucine from 12 (A), 16 (B), 20 (C), and 24 (D) hr until 36 hr AF. Bars ⫽ 25 m. (E) Zygotes treated with 100 M olomoucine at various times AF (x axis) displayed either one or two sets of dispersed chromosomes (white dots and black dots, respectively) or on ...
... (A) to (D) Zygotes treated with 100 M olomoucine from 12 (A), 16 (B), 20 (C), and 24 (D) hr until 36 hr AF. Bars ⫽ 25 m. (E) Zygotes treated with 100 M olomoucine at various times AF (x axis) displayed either one or two sets of dispersed chromosomes (white dots and black dots, respectively) or on ...
Teacher Guide for Amplify Cell Structure and Function Module
... are carrying proteins. This should also help students in Session 2, when they think about outputs of the cell system. Note that vesicles coming out of the endoplasmic reticulum are green and vesicles coming out of the Golgi apparatus are purple but both carry protein. ...
... are carrying proteins. This should also help students in Session 2, when they think about outputs of the cell system. Note that vesicles coming out of the endoplasmic reticulum are green and vesicles coming out of the Golgi apparatus are purple but both carry protein. ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.